Haxthausen (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Haxthausen

Haxthausen is the name of an old Westphalian noble family . The family belongs to the nobility in the prince-bishopric of Paderborn .

history

origin

The family first appears in a document in 1340 with the squire Albertus de Haxtehusen , who then seals with his father Albertus in 1345. Their ancestral home is the Haxterberg tower near the now desolate village south of Paderborn , which is still remembered by the field names Haxterberg and Haxtergrund .

The family probably goes back to the von Vlechten family, who appeared with Alexander de Fleghten as early as 1173 and named themselves after a submerged place near Büren . The lords of Vlechten, who died out in the 15th century, had the same coat of arms and the same first names as the Haxthausen. The coat of arms, the wagon lichen , was nowhere to be found in the Westphalian nobility.

The Haxthausen were involved in various ways in the politics and administration of the Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn. Members of the family occupied canon positions in Paderborn and Hildesheim and temporarily held the offices of Drosten in Steinheim and Lichtenau as well as the office of the Privy Council. Together with the Brenken , Krevet and Stapel families , the Haxthausen belonged to the so-called "four pillars" (Haupt-Meyern) of the Paderborn bishopric . There they were given the office of hereditary steward and the office of arch chamberlain . They held the office of Hereditary Marshal in the Neuenheerse Abbey, which is also located in the Principality of Paderborn .

Bökerhof Castle (1768)

At the beginning of the 14th century, the Haxthausen were enfeoffed by the Paderborn prince-bishop with the Abbenburg (near Bökendorf ) and Bökerhof estates , where they built the first permanent houses. In the city of Warburg they owned the Corvinushaus until 1488 . Members of the family were also at times involved in the aristocratic canonical monastery St. Cyriakus in Geseke ; Ludowine von Haxthausen was abbess there from 1763 to 1774 .

Lines and possessions

The tribe of the family formed two large lines called white and black . Both spread over time in Westphalia , Hanover , Hesse , Saxony and Denmark . While some branches remained Catholic, others converted to the Protestant denomination after the Reformation .

White line

The members of the white line wear the title of baron under customary law . The owners of the Abbenburg and Bökerhof estates (today in the Bökendorf district of the town of Brakel ) and formerly Thienhausen (today district of the town of Steinheim ) and Welda belong to their older branch . The younger, Lutheran branch of the white line was awarded the title of baron in the Kingdom of Denmark .

Haxthausen to Abbenburg
Good Abbenburg

In 1465 , the Paderborn Bishop Simon III. the Lords of Haxthausen with the Abbenburg estate. Haus Abbenburg is a former moated castle from the 13th century. The Abbenburg is an old ancestral home of the von Haxthausen family and has been owned by the family, together with Bökerhof, without interruption since 1465.

Abbenburg and the not far away Bökerhof were in the first decades of the 19th century, at the time of the brothers Werner and August von Haxthausen , but also their sisters Anna, Ludowine and Ferdinandine, the meeting point of the so-called "Bökendorfer Märchenkreis", which among many others Brothers Grimm , Clemens Brentano , Josef Görres , Heinrich Straube , August von Arnswaldt , August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben , Luise Hensel , Jenny von Droste zu Hülshoff and her sister Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , who later became a poet and who were relatives of the family, belonged to the family. At times the Bökerhof housed a literature museum.

Haxthausen to Welda
Welda Castle (1734), illustration from 1840

In 1469, the Geheime Rat Gottschalk von Haxthausen received the Welledeschen fiefs of the Paderborn Monastery, in particular the Burglehn at Warburg Castle and the village of Welda, each with the associated Kötterstätten . Dietrich von Haxthausen owned the Roman Curia in Warburg Neustadt until 1488 . From 1734 to 1736 Gottschalk's descendant, Hermann Adolph von Haxthausen , Upper Marshal of the Duchy of Paderborn, had Welda Castle built. With his death in 1768, the Welda branch of the Haxthausen family died out in the male line. This branch had the addition of Haxthausen to Welda and Vörden at times also Dedinghausen . Welda fell by inheritance to the Barons von Brackel at the beginning of the 19th century .

Haxthausen to Thienhausen
Thienhausen Castle (1609)

In 1523/26 the Thienhausen Castle in the Paderborn region passed to the Lords of Haxthausen. It was extensively renovated around 1609 by Tönnies Wolf von Haxthausen in the Weser Renaissance style. In 1840 August von Haxthausen moved into the castle, which he and his brother had bought from the dying Danish branch of the family. Under him, Thienhausen enjoyed the reputation of a meeting place for artists and writers. In 1837 Werner von Haxthausen (1780–1842) received the Bavarian title of count, which was confirmed in Prussia in 1840 . After a fire in 1905 severely damaged the castle, it was renovated in the Renaissance style and received its current appearance. The castle was owned by the Barons von Haxthausen until it was auctioned in 2016 with the forest and arable land of around 140 hectares, as was the inventory before.

Haxthausen to Vörden
Vörden Castle

The castle in Vörden had the abbot of Marienmünster , Hermann von Mengersen , built at the beginning of the 14th century as part of the construction of city walls, ramparts and ditches. Bishop Heinrich von Paderborn gave it to Konrad von Haxthausen in 1582. After it was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War , the Haxthausen had the Vörden Castle rebuilt as a baroque castle by the builder Justus Wehmer . It is still owned by the Barons of Haxthausen to this day.

Black line (Hessian branch)
The Haxthäuser Hof in Nierstein (1670)

1681 inherited Agnesa Maria von Haxthausen , b. Kamptz zu Godau (around 1640–1695) built a baroque mansion in Nierstein . It came from the property of her mother, Maria Bibiana Anna von Rodenstein (around 1620–1675), the last of her family, and after the death of her father Joachim Kamptz zu Godau (around 1612–1681) it fell to their only daughter. Agnesa Maria was married to Hermann Raab von Haxthausen (1624 / 25–1682). This branch of the Haxthausen family belonged to the Black Line. They had eight children. Agnesa Maria bequeathed the Haxthauser Hof to her daughter Anna Sophia von Haxthausen (1671–1743), who was still unmarried at the time . She later married Ernst Ludwig von Stockheim (1662–1706) and, after her husband's early death, settled on her widow's residence in Nierstein. Since the marriage had remained childless, she bequeathed the farm to the descendants of her brother Anton Ulrich von Haxthausen (1675–1732), who was married to their cousin Albertina Charlotte von Haxthausen (1689–1769). After the death of her husband, Albertina Charlotta von Haxthausen settled in Georgenhausen : Her husband had inherited the estate, including the entire village, from his mother. Her son Rudolf Christian von Haxthausen (1732–1811, married to Elisabeth Henriette von Carnitz 1735–1787) was the owner of the Haxthauser Hof in Nierstein until 1797, when he was expropriated in the course of the French Revolutionary Wars. His son Christian Wilhelm Anton August von Haxthausen (1766–1849) founded the Haxthausen-Carnitz line.

Black line (Haxthausen-Carnitz)

The Haxthausen-Carnitz line was created under Baron Christian Wilhelm Anton August von Haxthausen (* December 11, 1766, † October 27, 1849) in his day Prussian staff captain in the Ruits infantry regiment in Warsaw . In February 1811 he added the name and coat of arms of the Carnitz family to his own with royal approval . He received a family foundation from his mother's brother, the Order Chancellor Karl Adolph Graf von Carnitz, with whom the Carnitz family died out.

Danish branch

In 1736 Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Haxthausen , royal Danish chamberlain , general war commissioner and Oberlanddrost of the counties Oldenburg and Delmenhorst (1690–1740) belonging to Denmark , was raised to the status of Danish count . He belonged to the Lutheran Thienhausen branch. His son was the Danish general Clemens August von Haxthausen .

coat of arms

Coat of arms from Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book

The family coat of arms shows an inclined silver wagon braid in red . On the helmet with red and silver helmet covers an open flight, each covered with the shield figure . Landesarchiv Abtlg. Westphalia, Münster: The subject in the v. Haxthausen's coat of arms is generally referred to as a gate or lath door, also as a stern. The oldest seal impressions clearly show a door-like framed structure with a bevel. Then the coat of arms shows the following picture: ⃰ for v. Haxthausen: in red a white (silver) slatted door on the left. ⃰ for v. Langen: in white (silver) angled red sheep shears. The family v. Langen did not live in Eisborn. Genealogically she is with the family v. Haxthausen, who came to Eisborn from Thienhausen (Höxter district) in 1644.

Well-known namesake

literature

Web links

Commons : family v. Haxthausen  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Original in Freiherrlich of Benckenschen archive Erpernburg
  2. ↑ State Archive Münster, Busdorf No. 137
  3. ↑ Entry on Haxterberg Tower Hill Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute.
  4. ^ A b Ulrich Löer: The Archdiocese of Cologne: The noble canonical monastery St. Cyriakus zu Geseke. de Gruyter, Berlin, 2007, p. 316.
  5. ^ Anna Bálint: Abbenburg Gut, Brakel-Bökendorf . In: District Höxter (Hrsg.): Castles, palaces and historic aristocratic residences in the district Höxter . Höxter 2002, ISBN 3-00-009356-7 , p. 26th f .
  6. ↑ Westfalen-Blatt of October 17, 2016
  7. ^ Vörden Castle
  8. ↑ Niersteiner Geschichtsblätter, special edition 2016: The Haxthäuser Hof - an aristocratic court with a history, ISBN 978-3-9817898-0-5 ; www.geschichtsverein-nierstein.de