Franz von Zychlinski
Franz Friedrich Szeliga von Zychlinski (born March 27, 1816 in Allenburg , † March 17, 1900 in Berlin ) was a Prussian infantry general .
Life
Franz was the son of the Rittmeister a. D. Heinrich Wilhelm von Zychlinski (1755–1838) and his wife Wilhelmine, née von Lietzen (1777–1829).
Zychlinski was educated in the cadet houses in Kulm and Berlin and then transferred on August 5, 1833 as a second lieutenant to the 24th Infantry Regiment of the Prussian Army . From October 1, 1842 to September 30, 1843 he was a battalion adjutant and from March 1, 1847 to July 1, 1852 regimental adjutant and was promoted to prime lieutenant in January 1849 . As such, Zychlinski took part in the street fighting in Iserlohn and in the campaign in the Palatinate and Baden in the same year on the occasion of the revolutionary unrest . For this he received the Red Eagle Order IV. Class with Swords. On June 22, 1852 Zychlinski was promoted to captain and on July 20, 1855 he was appointed company commander. In the same function, he was transferred to the 33rd Infantry Regiment on February 1, 1858 . Simultaneously with the promotion to major on January 18, 1859, Zychlinski was commander of the 2nd Battalion in the 3rd Guards Landwehr Regiment in Breslau . From May 10th to June 30th, 1860 he was entrusted with the command of the 2nd Battalion of the Queen Elisabeth Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 3 , before Zychlinski was subsequently appointed its commander. In this position he was promoted to lieutenant colonel on March 17, 1863 and, towards the end of the year, on December 17, he was appointed commander of the fusilier battalion . He then led this in the German-Danish War, among other things in the battle near Horsens and the bombardment of Fredericia . For his work he was awarded the Order of the Crown III on April 9, 1864 . Class with swords and the Order of the Iron Crown III. Awarded class with the war decoration.
On April 3, 1866 he was appointed commander of the 27th Infantry Regiment and promoted to colonel two months later . During the German War , he fought with his regiment, initially in the battle of Münchengrätz . There he had received the order to conquer the Musky Mountain, southeast of Münchengrätz with its steep cliffs, on which important positions of the Austrians lay. After successfully completing the task, he was then used in the battle of Königgrätz . He leads the vanguard and should proceed from Cerekwitz to Benatek against Cistowes . In doing so, Zychlinski and his subordinate troops succeeded in taking the forest between Cerewitz and Benatek, which was occupied by very superior forces, and after more than six hours of fighting, held it. During the fighting, Zychlinski was badly wounded in the thigh and only gave up command of his regiment on urgent orders from the Crown Prince . Due to personal bravery, he was awarded the Pour le Mérite on September 20, 1866 .
After restoring his health, Zychlinski remained at the head of his regiment for four years and was appointed commander of the 14th Infantry Brigade on July 14, 1870 shortly before the start of the war against France under position à la suite . During the battle at Beaumont , his troops captured 22 guns. At the Battle of Sedan , the brigade suffered heavy losses of fourteen officers and 382 men in the storm of the heights northeast of Yoncq and Mont de Brune. In the further course of the war he took part in the siege of Paris , the bombardment of Toul and the battles at Mouzon and Epinay. In addition to both classes of the Iron Cross , Zychlinski received the Commander II Class of the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Merit , the Commander II Class of the Albrecht Order and the Commander I Class of the House Order of Albrecht the Bear with Swords.
On January 26, 1875 Zychlinski was promoted to lieutenant general and at the same time appointed commander of the 15th division stationed in Cologne , which he commanded until his retirement. With the character as General of Infantry Zychlinski was at his own request on 18 October 1880 with back -board for disposition made.
He moved to Berlin and in the following years worked as an author of various books on military history and the author of articles in the military weekly paper . From July 14, 1891 Zychlinski was also chairman of the committee of the Viktoria National Invalidenstiftung. On the occasion of the 100th birthday of Wilhelm I , Kaiser Wilhelm II awarded him the Grand Cross of the Red Eagle Order with Oak Leaves and Swords on March 22, 1897 . Zychlinski died in Berlin and was buried with military honors in the Invalidenfriedhof .
He was married to Auguste Wilhelmine Ernestine Johanna Scherz (1815–1899), a sister of Theodor Fontane's childhood friend Hermann Scherz (1818–1888) , since November 15, 1836 . Franz von Zychlinski later also belonged to Fontane's wider circle of friends in Berlin. In 1897, Fontane put the Max Stirner researcher John Henry Mackay and Zychlinski in touch .
As a young officer and intellectual left-wing Hegelian, Zychlinski was close to Bruno Bauer's Berlin circle in the 1840s . He published under the pseudonym "Franz Szeliga" a. a. in Bauer's Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1843/44) and in the North German papers for criticism, literature and entertainment (1844/45) and the contributions to the campaign of criticism . Zychlinski's review of Eugène Sue's The Mysteries of Paris subjected Marx and Engels in 1845 to a critical and polemical examination in their Holy Family . Zychlinski has also discussed Max Stirner's The Only One and his property in detail (in: Norddeutsche Blätter. 1845, Vol. 2, 9th issue, pp. 1-34).
His daughter Anna (born July 3, 1853) was married to Major Arnold von Brackel (born February 6, 1843).
His sister Fatime (1816–1873) was married to Hermann von Schierstädt (1809–1886), Fideikommißherr on Dahlen near Görzke .
literature
- Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 8, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1941], DNB 367632837 , pp. 89-92, no. 2496.
Web links
- Literature by and about Franz von Zychlinski in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ^ John Henry Mackay: Max Stirner. His life and his work. 2nd presumed edition, Zack, Berlin 1910, p. XI. (Preface to the 2nd edition)
- ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses . Justus Perthes, Gotha 1886, p. 83.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Zychlinski, Franz von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Zychlinski, Franz Friedrich Szeliga von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian general of the infantry |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 27, 1816 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Allenburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 17, 1900 |
| Place of death | Berlin |