Dobrzany
| Dobrzany | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Stargard | ||
| Area : | 5.34 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 21 ' N , 15 ° 26' E | ||
| Residents : | 2267 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 73-130 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 91 | ||
| License plate : | ZST | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : |
Voivodeship route 151 : Świdwin ↔ Gorzów Wielkopolski , junction: Sulibórz (11 km) |
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| Rail route : | PKP - Ulikowo-Piła line , train station: Oganica | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 18 villages | ||
| 13 school authorities | |||
| Surface: | 135.12 km² | ||
| Residents: | 4838 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 36 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3214033 | ||
| Administration (as of 2010) | |||
| Mayor : | Jan Prościak | ||
| Address: | ul. Staszica 1 73-130 Dobrzany |
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| Website : | www.dobrzany.pl | ||
Dobrzany ( German Jacobshagen , also Jakobshagen ) is a small town and seat of an urban and rural municipality in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship in the powiat Stargard ( Stargard in Pomerania ).
Geographical location
The city is located in Western Pomerania on the east bank of the Saatziger See ( Jezioro Szadzkie in Polish ), about 28 kilometers east of the city of Stargard . The Stolen Ihna ( Pęzinka ), a tributary of the Ihna, flows through the village . In the east there is a larger forest and lake area.
Roads 10 and 20 can be reached from the city via secondary roads .
City of Dobrzany
history
The settlement is said to have existed since the Stone Age. During excavations, tools from the 10th to 7th centuries BC were also found. BC, i.e. from the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age . From the 10th century AD castles were discovered east and west of the city, one of which was enclosed as a ring with a double wall. A settlement developed under the protection of the castles, from which Jacobshagen emerged in the 12th century. At the beginning of the 14th century it came into the possession of the Pomeranian family von Steglitz, feudal men of the dukes of Stettin . Jacobshagen was granted the city rights by Jakob von Guntensberg in 1336, from whose first name the name of the city was derived.
In 1359 the lords of Saatzig became the owners of Jacobshagen. The inhabitants lived mainly from agriculture, a mill was operated on the lake and beer was brewed. In 1567, Pomeranian Duke Barnim IX. the city the right to hold two annual markets. In connection with the construction of the church by Joachim von Wedell, it is mentioned in 1598 that Jacobshagen was assigned to the Saatzig office as a media town.
When Hinterpommern became part of Brandenburg after the Thirty Years War , Jacobshagen came to the "Saazig-Freyenwalder Kreis". A major fire in the city that started on June 17, 1781 destroyed the village except for four houses. Only with the support of the Prussian King Friedrich II could the city be rebuilt under the direction of the well-known Pomeranian architect David Gilly . The stones from the Saatzig Castle, which was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, were used.
At the turn of the 20th century, the city had a Protestant church, a synagogue , a district court and a chief forester. When the Kashagen – Klein Spiegel small railway with a station in Jacobshagen was opened on August 20, 1896, the city had finally found a connection to modern transport routes. Nevertheless, the settlement of new businesses with only 1,900 inhabitants was limited. Only a sawmill, a brickworks and a dairy were built. There was also a dye works and a colored weaving mill on site at the turn of the century.
At the end of the Second World War , Jacobshagen was captured by the Red Army on March 2, 1945 . Sixty percent of the city was destroyed and the city center fell completely victim to the fighting. Together with the whole of Western Pomerania , the city was then placed under Polish administration and received the Polish place name Dobrzany . Immigration from Poland began , initially from the areas east of the Curzon Line that had fallen to the Soviet Union as part of the " Westward displacement of Poland " . As far as the inhabitants of Jakobshagen did not flee, they were expelled by Polish militiamen in the following period .
Population numbers
| year | Check- residents |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1740 | 586 | |
| 1782 | 782 | including nine Jews |
| 1782 | 922 | including twelve Jews |
| 1784 | 822 | including 14 Jews |
| 1786 | 849 | |
| 1789 | 850 | |
| 1791 | 856 | including 15 Jews |
| 1794 | 976 | including 15 Jews |
| 1812 | 986 | no Catholics, 16 Jews |
| 1816 | 1,080 | no Catholics, 40 Jews |
| 1831 | 1,301 | including three Catholics and 57 Jews |
| 1843 | 1,617 | including eight Catholics and 65 Jews |
| 1852 | 1,820 | including five Catholics and 79 Jews |
| 1861 | 1,948 | including six Catholics and 89 Jews |
| 1867 | 1,955 | |
| 1871 | 1,887 | including 1,821 Evangelicals, one Catholic and 74 Jews (eight non-Prussians) |
| 1900 | 1,867 | |
| 1925 | 1,700 | including 1,629 Evangelicals, eleven Catholics and 22 Jews |
| 1933 | 1,751 | |
| 1939 | 1,986 |
Attractions
- St. Michael the Archangel Church, built 1782–1784 based on a design by David Gilly .
Great personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- David Splitgerber (1683–1764), German entrepreneur and banker
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (1743–1817), German Protestant clergyman, author and geographer
- Theodor Leisering (1820-1892), German veterinarian and university professor
- Paul Albrecht Börner (1829–1885), German physician, author of reference works on people and institutions in medicine
- Emil Odebrecht (1835–1912), German-Brazilian entrepreneur
- Ernst Vollert (1855–1931), German publisher and bookseller
- Here Erdis (1872–1929), German poet
- Hanns Gleitsmann (1877–1935), German medical officer, most recently marine general doctor of the Reichsmarine
Other personalities
- David Hollaz (1648–1713), German Lutheran theologian, provost in Jacobshagen from 1692
German-Polish contacts
There has been regular contact between the former German and today's Polish population since the 1990s. They range from simple visits to joint tending to graves or equipping the local library with German-language books.
Gmina Dobrzany
General
The urban and rural community covers an area of 135 km² and thus takes 8.9% of the area of the Powiat Stargardzki ( Stargard district ). With almost 5,000 inhabitants, it is 77th of the 114 cities and municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Neighboring communities are:
- Chociwel ( Freienwalde ), Ińsko ( Nörenberg ), Marianowo ( Marienfließ ) and Suchań ( Zachan ) in the Powiat Stargardzki,
- Recz ( Reetz ) in the Powiat Choszczeński ( Arnswalde district ),
- Drawsko Pomorskie ( Dramburg ) in the Powiat Drawski . (District of Dramburg )
Community structure
The town of Dobrzany and the school authorities belong to the town and country municipality of Dobrzany
Furthermore the villages Grabnica ( Gräbnitzfelde ), Kielno ( Kehler ) and Okole ( Wokuhl ) are part of the municipality.
traffic
There is no major road within the municipality. The individual districts are connected by side streets. Voivodeship road 151 passes 11 kilometers east of the municipality and connects the district towns of Świdwin ( Schivelbein ), Łobez ( Labes ) and Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Gorzów Wielkopolski ( Landsberg ad Warthe ) in the Lubusz Voivodeship .
The Gmina Dobrzany is connected to the Ognica ( Stolzenhagen ) station on the 403 Ulikowo – Piła ( Wulkow – Schneidemühl ) line of the Polish State Railways . On August 20, 1896, the Saatziger Kleinbahnen narrow-gauge railway from Kashagen (now Polish: Kozy) via Jacobshagen (Dobrzany) to Klein Spiegel (Poźradło) was opened. In Kashagen had a connection to the narrow-gauge railway from Dramburg (Drawsko Pomorskie) to Alt Damerow (Stara Dąbrowa). The line was shut down from 1945–1996.
literature
- Paul Schulz (ed.): The Saatzig district and the independent city of Stargard - A Pomeranian homeland book . Rautenberg, Leer 1984, ISBN 3-7921-0307-9 .
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 1: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Stettin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, pp. 212-216.
- Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 235–236 ( full text )
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part II, Volume IV, Anklam 1868, pp. 365-382, online .
- Fritz Knack: 600 years of Jacobshagen. 1336-1936. Festschrift, at the same time a historical contribution to the local history of the Saatzig district in Pomerania . Volume 7 of the series Pommersche Heimatbücher by Fritz Knack . Greifswald 1936.
Web links
- The city of Jakobshagen in the former Saatzig district in Pomerania (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
- Jacobshagen home district
- City website (Polish)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . Volume 10, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 158 ( Zeno.org ).
- ^ A b c d e f g h i Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, p. 236.
- ↑ a b c d e Christian Friedrich Wutstrack : Short historical-geographical-statistical description of the royal Prussian duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Stettin 1793, p. 509.
- ↑ a b Royal Prussian Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population . Berlin 1874, pp. 44–45, No. 2.
- ↑ http://stadt.jacobshagen.kreis-saatzig.de/
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. saatzig.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Ryszard Stankiewicz and Marcin Stiasny: Atlas Linii Kolejowych Polski 2014. Eurosprinter, Rybnik 2014, ISBN 978-83-63652-12-8 , p. C2
