Gregor Schöllgen

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Gregor Schöllgen (born February 20, 1952 in Düsseldorf ) is a German historian and publicist . From 1985 to 2017 he taught as professor for modern and contemporary history at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg . His main research interests are the past and present of international relations and the biographies of German Chancellors and entrepreneurs. Many of his book publications and journalistic contributions received a wide response from the public.

Life

Schöllgen was born in 1952 in Düsseldorf into an academic family. He is a great-nephew of the moral theologian and sociologist Werner Schöllgen, who teaches at the University of Bonn , and the Düsseldorf painter Hubert Schöllgen, as well as a cousin of the Bonn church historian Georg Schöllgen . He first attended the Aloisius College in Bad Godesberg . After graduating from high school in 1971 at the humanistic Görres-Gymnasium in Düsseldorf, he studied history , philosophy and social sciences in Bochum , Berlin, Marburg and Frankfurt am Main. In 1977 he received his doctorate in philosophy with Rüdiger Bubner at the University of Frankfurt am Main with a thesis on Max Weber . From 1978 he worked as a research assistant to Klaus Hildebrand at the University of Münster . In 1982 he completed his habilitation there for Modern History with a thesis on the Orient policy of imperial Germany , inspired by trips to North Africa and the Middle East .

Schöllgen was professor at the History Department of the University of Münster from 1982 to 1985, and from 1985 to 2017 Professor of Modern and Contemporary History at the University of Erlangen . In 1987 he represented Fritz Stern as a visiting professor at Columbia University in New York . 1988/89 he taught during Wardenship Ralf Dahrendorf at St Antony's College of Oxford University , 1998/99 at the London School of Economics .

In addition to his teaching activities, from 1982 to 1987 he taught the historical revision courses in the attaché training of the Foreign Office , from 1987 to 2017 he headed the main history seminar there. In 1987 he was appointed as the history and politics specialist examiner in the Foreign Office's examination board for the higher foreign service. From 1992 to 2012 he also taught the historical courses for international diplomatic training at the Foreign Office .

Schöllgen was a speaker at home and abroad on questions of German and international politics. B. in May 1993 at the Germany symposium of the Norwegian Nobel Institute in Oslo , at the memorial event of the Foreign Office for the victims of the resistance, in May 1995 as part of the national symposium on the fiftieth anniversary of the end of the war in the Dutch parliament in The Hague in October In 1997 in front of the Enquete Commission of the German Bundestag "Overcoming the Consequences of the SED Dictatorship ...", in September 2006 at the Ambassadors' Conference on the occasion of the naming of the conference rooms of the Foreign Office or in May 2006 at the ceremony to mark the 50th anniversary of the BND.

From 2006 to 2017 he led the "Center for Applied History" (ZAG) he founded under the umbrella of the University of Erlangen as an institution for third-party research, mainly on modern company history and entrepreneur biographies.

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Approach and focus

Schöllgen's dissertation and first scientific articles in philosophical journals dealt with the work and life of Max Weber . As a student of Klaus Hildebrand , a large part of his early historical work is in the tradition of classical diplomacy and political history , later expanded to include a biographical approach . In addition to 24 monographs published by 2020 and several editorships, Schöllgen wrote specialist articles for philosophical, social, political and historical journals and edited volumes. Some of his books were published under license by the Federal Agency for Political Education and have been translated into several languages.

Schöllgen addresses a broad public in the press, radio and television. This self-image corresponds to the deliberately popular scientific style, especially of the entrepreneur biographies and volumes accompanying television productions. Of the 21 monographs published up to 2015, a third have no footnotes.

Work on German foreign policy and international relations

Schöllgen's historical interest was initially in the foreign policy of the German Empire , soon expanded to include research on international relations in the 19th and 20th centuries. His third edition of his habilitation thesis Imperialism and Balance on the rivalry between Great Britain and the German Empire in the Middle East is considered a standard work on the history of imperialism, as is his fifth edition of the handbook The Age of Imperialism .

Since the 1990s, Schöllgen has published several presentations on international politics and German foreign policy, including the history of world politics, for a wider audience . From Hitler to Gorbachev 1941–1991 (1996), the two-volume German Foreign Policy (2013), an overall presentation from the Congress of Vienna to the present, and war. One hundred years of world history (2017). With power in the middle of Europe. Stations of German foreign policy from Frederick the Great to the present (1992), fear of power. The Germans and their foreign policy (1993) and The appearance. Germany's Return to the World Stage (2003) Schöllgen commented on current political issues and asked about their historical roots.

Politician and entrepreneur biographies

Schöllgen's interest in biographies was a reaction to the discussion of foreign policy decision-making processes and decision-makers. His first biography was in 1989 of the resistance fighter and German diplomat Ulrich von Hassell . This was followed by the biographies of Chancellors Willy Brandt (2001) and Gerhard Schröder (2015). Both biographies were bestsellers. Schöllgen conducted numerous interviews with contemporary witnesses for them and had access to documents that were not publicly available. Chancellor Angela Merkel presented the biography of Gerhard Schröder in September 2015 at a press conference together with Schröder and the author. Since 2002, Schöllgen has written several popular scientific entrepreneur biographies on behalf of the respective company or the descendants of the company founder, says Diehl . A family business in Germany, 1902 to 2002 (2002), Der Eiskönig. Theo Scholler . A German entrepreneur, 1917–2004 (2008), Brose . A German family company, 1908–2008 (2008) and Gustav Schickedanz 1895–1977. Biography of a Revolutionary (2010).

Editorships

Schöllgen edited the 10-volume Willy Brandt complete edition (Berlin edition) together with Helga Grebing and Heinrich August Winkler . From 2005 to 2019 he was, first with Klaus Hildebrand and Horst Möller , then with Hélène Miard-Delacroix and Andreas Wirsching, one of the editors of the file edition on the Foreign Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany (AAPD) published by the Institute for Contemporary History on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office.

Press, radio and television

Since 1980, Schöllgen has regularly published guest articles on current issues of international politics and their historical roots in national weekly and daily newspapers and political magazines. Until 2020, Schöllgen worked as a historical advisor on 15 television documentaries and feature films, for example in 2016 for the RTL production Duell der Brüder. The story of Adidas and Puma . Schöllgen published accompanying books for a wide audience to the four-part documentary Chancellor, Crises, Coalitions (with Arnulf Baring ) produced by RTL on the occasion of the federal elections in 2002 and to the documentary America (with Peter Kloeppel ) in 2004 .

Advisory boards and exhibitions

Schöllgen was a member of advisory boards and boards. He was a member of the advisory boards of the Federal Agency for Civic Education , the Military History Research Office , the German Historical Institute in London , the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe and the Documentation Center for the Nazi Party Rally Grounds in Nuremberg. As a founding member of the board of directors, he helped set up the Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation in Berlin for eight years , which was established in 1994 by the German Bundestag.

As part of these activities, he was involved in the conception, advice and support of exhibitions and documentation. Among other things, he advised the exhibition of contemporary witnesses in 1997 for the Foreign Office . German foreign policy from 1870 to today and in 2010 the exhibition 20 Years of the Two-Plus-Four Treaty . In 1999, on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Defense , he prepared the report The function of military history museums of the Bundeswehr with special consideration of the tasks of the Military History Museum in Dresden .

Controversies and positions

With his speeches and initiatives, Schöllgen initiated or participated in controversial debates on German foreign policy, the self-image of the humanities , historical research and university policy . Schöllgen finds himself exposed to harsh criticism from other historians.

German foreign policy and international relations

From 1981 onwards, Schöllgen took part in the late phase of the Fischer controversy . In 1988 Fritz Fischer spoke in a series of lectures organized by Schöllgen in Oxford . It was the Hamburg historian's last international appearance. In 1992 Fritz Fischer critically examined Schöllgen's positions on the foreign policy of imperial Germany in an article for Die Zeit .

In 1992 and 1993 Schöllgen discussed the future role of the reunified Germany after the end of the East-West conflict in the books The Power in the Middle of Europe and Fear of Power . In the debate about the foreign and geopolitical consequences of reunification, he took the position that the Federal Republic, as a state that is now completely sovereign in foreign policy, would play a role that corresponds to its “weight” and that the Germans would have to abandon their “fear of power” in order to to live up to their new position of responsibility. Fear of power is one of the prominent journalistic statements made by political scientists like Hans-Peter Schwarz , historians like Arnulf Baring and politicians like Egon Bahr , who called for a realignment of German foreign policy along national interests and based on geopolitical arguments. Schöllgen's theses in fear of power found criticism among the representatives of the Federal Republic's strong reluctance to foreign policy, while support, for example, in a book review by the historian Michael Wolffsohn .

In response to the rise of populist, eurosceptic movements in Europe since the 2010s, Schöllgen demanded that the West must “reform itself from the ground up” to curb this. It is a vote of no confidence not only against the European Union as an institution, but against the Western community of values ​​per se . This was "born in another and for another world". He criticized the treatment of Russia as a serious foreign policy mistake. Schöllgen viewed the chances of institutional reforms of NATO and the European Union with skepticism, especially since both institutions would experience a creeping and, because uncontrolled, dangerous process of dissolution. He advocated “completing what is already in full swing” in order to enable a return to “shaping politics”. Schöllgen saw his assumptions confirmed in the statements of the French President Emmanuel Macron and an older French skepticism, especially towards NATO. Schöllgen was contradicted by Daniel Cohn-Bendit , who saw neither the EU nor NATO in a process of disintegration, but in a phase of disorientation. Wolfgang Ischinger , head of the Munich Security Conference , responded on Twitter with a slap: "Pretty much everything is wrong with the Schoellgen piece."

Rejection of research for the Federal Intelligence Service

In July 2006, Ernst Uhrlau , the then President of the Federal Intelligence Service (BND) announced that he wanted to have the history of his agency processed. This was preceded by a speech by Gregor Schöllgen at the ceremony marking the 50th anniversary of the BND. At the beginning of 2008, Schöllgen refused the order because he could not be guaranteed unrestricted access to the authority's files. At the beginning of 2011, Peter Carstens wrote in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung : “Schöllgen was delayed ... At some point the contemporary historian gave up in exasperation, who enjoys reputation and respect as co-editor of the Federal Republic's foreign policy files.” Schöllgen himself had his experiences with the BND in an article for the Süddeutsche Zeitung publicly. The history of the Federal Intelligence Service was examined by an independent commission of historians from 2011 to 2018 .

Historical contract research

In 2007 Schöllgen gave a public lecture at the Dies Academicus of the University of Erlangen, The Service Providers. On the tasks of the humanities in the modern world. The German University Association reprinted the speech in its Almanac Highlights of Science . In it, Schöllgen stated that the humanities owe the public that finances them to account for what they do. If the public is not interested in their research results, it is not them but science that is making a mistake. But if the public is interested in it, they are also prepared to finance this research through commissions. According to Schöllgen, the humanities are obliged to seek such assignments. The lecture triggered violent reactions. The philosophy faculty of the university stated that Schöllgen's views were incompatible with their self-image. Critics saw commissioned work endanger the standards and independence of historical research. Schöllgen publicly argued against it that the processing of history and the preservation of scientific standards are not mutually exclusive.

Against the background of the controversy surrounding Schöllgen's position on historical contract research, his entrepreneur biographies and the Center for Applied History (ZAG) led by him have been the subject of sharp criticism from economic and corporate historians Cornelia Rauh , Toni Pierenkemper , Dieter Ziegler and Tim Schanetzky . Ziegler and Schanetzky accused him and the ZAG of apologetic tendencies regarding the role of Gustav Schickedanz in particular in the time of National Socialism, courtesy work, a lack of scientific transparency due to the lack of a literature and source apparatus, and a lack of seriousness. In a research report in 2012 Toni Pierenkemper came to the conclusion "that the scientific criticism of the ZAG's products is devastating". He stood behind the criticism put forward by the historians Tim Schanetzky and Cornelia Rauh that Schöllgen ran a kind of " apologetics agency".

Schöllgen responded in 2011 to the allegations, especially Cornelia Rauhs, and the actions of the Gesellschaft für Unternehmensgeschichte (GUG). In this he showed Rauh serious technical deficiencies and held her against the use of “shortened and newly composed quotations”. In addition, Schöllgen pointed out to his critics that he and his employees had viewed, opened up, set up and evaluated the archives of the companies examined in all cases. He presented this "source situation" of his work in the appendix to all books. Schöllgen justified the renouncement of a literature and source apparatus in a discussion at the Center for Contemporary Historical Research in Potsdam with the popular scientific character of entrepreneur biographies. Schöllgen rejects courtesy reports as a matter of principle, as they would damage his reputation.

Christian Staas took stock of the controversy in a critical article in April 2011 for the weekly newspaper Die Zeit : “The Center for Applied History seems to have found a niche in the market here, because whoever hires Schöllgen gets both: a good name, along with a scientific and university reputation - and the open and tacit courtesy when it comes to maintaining 'certain limits'. In the end, both sides benefit. The fact that companies spend money on researching their history is in itself commendable. It only becomes precarious when scientists also become entrepreneurs on their own behalf. 'Service providers', as Schöllgen would like, they can be calm - they just shouldn't forget for whom. "

Rainer Blasius and Wolfgang Labuhn emphasized the comprehensible communication of historical contexts of Schöllgen's books that went beyond the scientific community and saw a serious claim preserved. Blasius attests Schöllgen to "entertain his readers in the best possible way and to inform them in a generally understandable way". Wolfgang Labuhn from Deutschlandfunk sees the “double claim of scientific seriousness and general comprehensibility” fulfilled precisely because Schöllgen's works “do not suffocate in comments and literature references”.

University policy

The lecture The Service Providers was Schöllgen's first publicly discussed speech on university policy in 2007 . In 2018 he tied in with this in his presentation Knowledge in Motion on the 275-year history of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität. Because of Schöllgen's criticism of people and processes in the Philosophical Faculty, the publication led to massive complaints from the Faculty, university employees and the former university president Karl-Dieter Grüske . A few days after the book was presented, the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Erlangen published a statement in which it attacked Schöllgen for “denigrating entire subjects, general disparaging of groups of people and, in particular, defamatory comments on individual members of our faculty” and calling for the university management to publicly distance themselves. There was no such reaction or any further reactions from other faculties at the university . University staff opposed Schöllgen's account in an open letter. The former university president Karl-Dieter Grüske accused Schöllgen of using knowledge in motion to settle “outstanding bills”. Schöllgen rejected this in an open letter to Grüske and in an interview with the Nürnberger Nachrichten , stating that he wanted to "provoke in a controlled manner and initiate a debate."

The discussion about knowledge in motion received national attention, for example in the Süddeutsche Zeitung and the weekly newspaper Die Zeit. The newspapers ruled that the book, despite the critical comments on the Philosophical Faculty, reflected the successes and achievements of the University of Erlangen. The honorary senator of the Friedrich-Alexander-University and publisher Klaus G. Saur assessed knowledge in motion and the understandable presentation of problems and undesirable developments in a letter to the president of the university as positive.

Monographs

  • Freedom of action and rationality of purpose. Max Weber and the tradition of practical philosophy . Mohr, Tübingen 1984, ISBN 3-16-244798-4 .
  • Imperialism and balance. Germany, England and the oriental question . Third edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-52003-2 . (first 1984)
  • Max Weber's concern. Rationalization as a claim and a mortgage. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1985, ISBN 3-534-01983-0 .
  • with Friedrich Kießling: The Age of Imperialism . Fifth, expanded edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-486-58868-2 . (first 1986)
  • Ulrich von Hassell 1881–1944. A conservative in the opposition. Second edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-49491-9 . (first 1990)
  • Power in the middle of Europe. Stations of German foreign policy from Frederick the Great to the present. Second, expanded edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-406-36054-8 . (first 1992)
  • Fear of power. The Germans and their foreign policy . Ullstein-Verlag, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-550-07189-2 .
  • History of world politics from Hitler to Gorbachev 1941–1991 . CH Beck Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-406-41144-4 .
  • Max Weber . CH Beck Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-406-41944-5 .
  • The foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. From the beginning to the present . Third, expanded edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-51093-0 . (first 1999)
  • Diehl. A family business in Germany 1902–2002 . Propylaea, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-549-07170-1 .
  • with Arnulf Baring: Chancellor, crises, coalitions. From Konrad Adenauer to Angela Merkel. Second, expanded edition. Pantheon, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-570-55008-7 . (first 2002)
  • Willy Brandt. The biography . Ninth, expanded edition. Berlin Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-8270-1152-7 . (first 2003)
  • The performance. Germany's return to the world stage . Second, expanded edition. Ullstein-Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-548-36709-7 . (first 2003)
  • with Peter Kloeppel: air bridges. America and the Germans. Second, expanded edition. Bastei Lübbe, Bergisch Gladbach 2007, ISBN 978-3-7857-2184-1 . (first 2004)
  • Beyond Hitler. The Germans in World Politics from Bismarck to Today . Propylaea, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-549-07203-1 .
  • Brose. A German family business 1908–2008 . Econ-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-430-20053-0 .
  • The ice king. Theo Schöller - A German Entrepreneur 1917–2004 . CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57760-4 .
  • Gustav Schickedanz. Biography of a revolutionary. Berlin Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-8270-0948-7 .
  • German foreign policy. From 1815 to 1945. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-65446-6 .
  • German foreign policy. From 1945 to the present. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-65448-0 .
  • Gerhard Schröder. The biography. Paperback edition. Pantheon Verlag, Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-570-55341-1 . (first 2015)
  • War. A hundred years of world history . Paperback edition. Pantheon Verlag, Munich 2019, ISBN 978-3-421-04767-0 . (first 2017)
  • Knowledge in motion - The Friedrich Alexander University. (= History of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg ). DVA, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-421-04836-3 .

Editorships

  • Escape into War? The Foreign Policy of Imperial Germany. Berg Publishers, Oxford / Hamburg / New York 1990, ISBN 0-85496-275-1 . (German edition: Escape to war? The foreign policy of imperial Germany. Scientific book society, Darmstadt 1991, ISBN 3-534-10197-9 .)
  • The Third Empire. German history 1933-45. A documentation. Backing band. Inter Nationes, Bonn 1990.
  • with Hans-Adolf Jacobsen and Hans-Peter Schwarz (Red.): Foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. Documents from 1949 to 1994. Published on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of the Federal Foreign Office. Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik, Cologne 1995, ISBN 3-8046-8822-5 .
  • with Helga Grebing and Heinrich August Winkler: Willy Brandt, Berlin edition. 10 volumes. Publishing house JHW Dietz, Bonn 2000-2009.
  • with Horst Möller, Klaus Hildebrand, Andreas Wirsching and Hélène Miard-Delacroix: files on the foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. R. Oldenbourg / De Gruyter Verlag, Munich / Berlin 2005–2020.
  • with Friedrich Kießling: Pictures for the world. The Nazi party rallies in the mirror of the foreign press. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-412-27305-8 .
  • with Horst Möller, Ilse Dorothee Pautsch, Hermann Wentker and Andreas Wirsching: The unit. The Foreign Office, the GDR Foreign Ministry and the two-plus-four process. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-525-30076-3 .

Lectures (selection)

literature

  • Fritz Fischer: Security through expansion? Gregor Schöllgen's relapse into the doctrine of geopolitics. In: The time. April 10, 1992.
  • Jürgen Habermas : Politics paralyzed. In: Der Spiegel. No. 28, 1993.
  • Michael Wolffsohn: Fear of Power. Gregor Schöllgen's study on “The Germans and their Foreign Policy” analyzes the difficulties with our growing political importance. In: Rheinischer Merkur. April 9, 1993.
  • Sven Papcke : German politics on the test bench. On two books by Gregor Schöllgen. In: Mercury. No. 48, 1994.
  • Helmut Schmidt : loner in terms of genes. Interview on Gregor Schöllgen's Willy Brandt biography. In: Der Spiegel. No. 38, 2001.
  • Joschka Fischer on Gregor Schöllgen “Der Auftritt”, book presentation. In: Phoenix. August 27, 2003.
  • Rainer Blasius: The historian as a service provider. The “Center for Applied History” unsettles many Erlangen humanities scholars . In the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. February 8, 2010.
  • Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar 2018, bio-bibliographical directory of contemporary German-speaking scientists. Volume 3: M-SD. Berlin 2017, p. 3344.
  • Olaf Przybilla, Uwe Ritzer, Willi Winkler: The service provider. Gregor Schöllgen set out as a historian to earn money with history - he wrote books about companies. His colleagues found it frivolous. Now he has settled with them . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. February 15, 2019, p. 12.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography: The whole story - Gregor Schöllgen is a Rhinelander. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on June 3, 2020.
  2. ↑ Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar 2018. Bio-bibliographical directory of contemporary German-speaking scientists. Volume 3 M-SD, Berlin 2017, p. 3344.
  3. ↑ Biography: The whole story - Gregor Schöllgen visits the Orient. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on July 13, 2020.
  4. ↑ Biography: The whole story - Gregor Schöllgen lives and teaches in the USA and Great Britain. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on July 13, 2020.
  5. ↑ Biography: The Whole Story - Gregor Schöllgen and the Foreign Office. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on July 13, 2020.
  6. ↑ Ulrich von Hassell. Lecture at the memorial service for the victims of the resistance in the Foreign Service. Foreign Office, Bonn, September 9, 1994 ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 52.2 MB).
  7. ↑ The international framework of German unity and its effects on the scope for action of both German states in the unification process. Lecture at the 38th session of the Enquete Commission of the German Bundestag “Overcoming the Consequences of the SED Dictatorship in the Process of German Unity”. Bonn, October 6, 1997 ( Memento from January 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 15.6 MB).
  8. ^ Walter Rathenau, Gustav Stresemann, Konrad Adenauer, Willy Brandt. Address at the ambassadors conference on the occasion of the naming of the conference rooms of the Federal Foreign Office. Berlin, September 6, 2006 ( Memento from December 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 72 kB).
  9. ↑ Gregor Schöllgen: What do we know about the BND, and what do we know about him? Lecture at the ceremony to mark the 50th anniversary of the Federal Intelligence Service, Berlin, May 11, 2006 ( Memento of May 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 76 kB).
  10. ^ Center for Applied History. In: CLIO ONLINE. Specialist portal for the historical sciences. accessed on June 27, 2020.
  11. ↑ Joachim Wiebring: Review of: Max Weber. Freedom of action and rationality of purpose. In: Theological literary newspaper. No. 6, 1986, p. 111.
  12. ↑ a b essays. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on July 12, 2020.
  13. ↑ Series of publications by the Federal Agency for Civic Education, Volume 10221, Bonn 2018: Gregor Schöllgen: Krieg. A hundred years of world history.
  14. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: The foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. From the beginning to the present. Third, expanded edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-42091-5 , p. 7.
  15. ↑ a b c Katja Auer, Olaf Przybilla: "I'm not putting my reputation at risk". In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . May 27, 2015, accessed May 30, 2020.
  16. ↑ Andreas Rose: Review of: Schöllgen, Gregor: German foreign policy. From 1815 to 1945. In: hsozkult.de , accessed July 12, 2020.
  17. ↑ Summaries of book reviews on: Schöllgen, Gregor: Krieg. A hundred years of world history. In: pearl diver. The culture magazine, accessed July 12, 2020.
  18. ↑ Gregor Schöllgen in conversation with Eberhard Büssem. In: br.de. 2006, accessed June 24, 2020.
  19. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: Willy Brandt. The biography. Berlin 2003, p. 7. Gregor Schöllgen: Gerhard Schröder. The biography. Munich 2015, p. 8. Interview partners for were u. a. Stefan Aust, Franz Beckenbauer, Rut Brandt, Kai Diekmann, Joschka Fischer, Günter Grass, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Gregor Gysi, Helmut Kohl, Oskar Lafontaine, Markus Lüppertz, Angela Merkel, Oskar Negt, Johannes Rau, Wolfgang Schäuble, Walter Scheel, Otto Schily, Helmut Schmidt, Gerhard Schröder, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Hans-Jochen Vogel, Richard von Weizsäcker.
  20. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: Gerhard Schröder. The biography. Munich 2015, p. 7.
  21. ↑ To the press conference the Süddeutsche Zeitung wrote: “Gregor Schöllgen's biography about Gerhard Schröder actually has 1040 pages. And in [...] the Berlin press conference it actually looks like a journalist has come per page. ” Süddeutsche Zeitung. 23rd September 2015.
  22. ^ Daniel Friedrich Sturm: Gerhard Schroeder, the man of the moment . In: The world. September 22, 2015, accessed July 12, 2020.
  23. ^ A b Christian Staas: The company pays. Erlangen's University offers family businesses the opportunity to write their company history for a fee - with great success. But what has that got to do with science? In: The time. April 28, 2011.
  24. ↑ Willy Brandt, Berlin edition. In: dietz-verlag.de, accessed on July 25, 2020.
  25. ↑ Editions. Files on the foreign policy of the Federal Republic. In: Institute for Contemporary History. Munich - Berlin, accessed on July 22, 2020.
  26. ↑ Media. Articles in and for newspapers, magazines, radio and television. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on June 27, 2020.
  27. ↑ The sneaker giants. RTL filmed the life of the Dassler brothers. In: rtl.de, accessed on June 27, 2020.
  28. ^ Gregor Schöllgen, Arnulf Baring: Chancellor, crises, coalitions. From Konrad Adenauer to Angela Merkel. Second, expanded edition. Pantheon, Munich 2006 (first 2002)
  29. ^ Gregor Schöllgen, Peter Kloeppel: Air bridges. America and the Germans. Second, expanded edition. Bastei Lübbe, Bergisch Gladbach 2007 (first 2004).
  30. ↑ Biography: The whole story - Gregor Schöllgen advises. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on June 3, 2020.
  31. ↑ Federal Foreign Office: 20 years of the two-plus-four contract. An exhibition in the Foreign Office. September 1 to October 13, 2010. Berlin 2010.
  32. ↑ Biography: The whole story - Gregor Schöllgen conceives exhibitions. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on July 13, 2020.
  33. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: "Fischer Controversy" and the problem of continuity. German war targets in the age of the world wars. In: Andreas Hillgruber and Jost Dülffer (eds.): Ploetz history of the world wars. Powers, events, developments 1900–1945. Freiburg im Breisgau / Würzburg 1981, pp. 163–177. Gregor Schöllgen: Hegemonic War or Calculated Risk? As a great power in a vulnerable position. The German Reich and the First World War. Fritz Fischer and his critics. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. February 15, 1983.
  34. ^ Fritz Fischer: The foreign policy of imperial Germany and the outbreak of the First World War. In: Gregor Schöllgen (Ed.): Escape to War? The foreign policy of imperial Germany. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1991, pp. 25-67.
  35. ^ Fritz Fischer: Security through Expansion? Gregor Schöllgen's relapse into the doctrine of geopolitics. In: The time. April 10, 1992.
  36. ↑ Gregor Schöllgen: Fear of power. The Germans and their foreign policy. Berlin 1993, p. 153.
  37. ^ Hans-Peter Schwarz: The central power of Europe. Germany's return to the world stage. Berlin 1994. As early as the 1980s, Hans-Peter Schwarz assumed that the Germans were “forgetting power”. See Hans-Peter Schwarz: The tamed Germans. From obsession with power to forgetfulness of power. Stuttgart 1985.
  38. ^ Arnulf Baring: Germany, What Now? In: Arnulf Baring (Ed.): Germany's New Position in Europe. Problems and Perspectives. Oxford and Providence 1994, pp. 1-20. Arnulf Baring: How new is our situation? Germany as a regional power. In: International Politics. No. 4, 1995, pp. 12-21.
  39. ^ Egon Bahr: German interests. Polemic on Power, Security, and Foreign Policy. Munich 1998.
  40. ^ Nils Hoffmann: Renaissance of Geopolitics? German security policy after the Cold War. Springer publishing house. Wiesbaden 2012, pp. 59–62.
  41. ↑ Michael Wolffsohn: Fear of power. Gregor Schöllgen's study on “The Germans and their Foreign Policy” analyzes the difficulties with our growing political importance. In: Rheinischer Merkur. April 9, 1993: “Finally a historian again who not only thinks clearly but also writes. Schöllgen is a relaxed German who knows the world. He thinks (and lives) both nationally and cosmopolitan. Schöllgen is thus in the best German historian tradition. Anyone who is interested in German foreign policy should know Schöllgen's book. "
  42. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: Occident? Burned down. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. June 17, 2018, accessed June 10, 2020.
  43. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: NATO and the EU are superfluous. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. August 14, 2019, accessed June 10, 2020.
  44. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: Respect as a raison d'état . In: Rotary Magazine. January 1, 2020, accessed June 10, 2020.
  45. ↑ Volker Zastrow: Cohn-Bendit in conversation. “NATO and the EU are disoriented.” In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. August 18, 2019, accessed June 10, 2020.
  46. ↑ Wolfgang Ischinger: At the Schoellgen piece. In: Twitter.com. August 11, 2019, accessed June 2, 2020.
  47. ↑ Gregor Schöllgen: What do we know about the BND, and what do we know about him? Lecture at the ceremony for the 50th anniversary of the Federal Intelligence Service. In: gregorschoellgen.de, accessed on May 3, 2020.
  48. ↑ Peter Carstens: A transparent secret. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. January 14, 2011.
  49. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: In the end without files? Emergency in Pullach: The planned processing of the history of the Federal Intelligence Service has its limits. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. February 9, 2011.
  50. ↑ Hans Leyendecker: BND opens archive for historians: Journey to another galaxy. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. January 14, 2011, accessed June 2, 2020.
  51. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: The service providers. On the tasks of the humanities in the modern world. Lecture on the Dies academicus on the occasion of the 264th anniversary of the founding of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Erlangen, November 5, 2007 ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 8.1 MB).
  52. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: The service providers. On the tasks of the humanities in the modern world. In: German University Association (Ed.): Glanzlichter der Wissenschaft. An almanac. Saarwellingen 2008, pp. 135-145.
  53. ^ Rainer Blasius: The historian as a service provider. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . February 7, 2010, accessed May 18, 2020.
  54. ^ Dieter Ziegler: Review of: Gregor Schöllgen: Gustav Schickedanz. Biography of a revolutionary. Berlin 2010. In: H-Soz-u-Kult . March 24, 2011, accessed on May 19, 2020: In Ziegler's eyes, Schöllgen's work shows gross technical defects. In addition to a lack of exact references to sources and literature, a lack of source criticism and questionable source interpretations are objectionable. Ziegler therefore fundamentally questioned Schöllgen's aptitude as a university professor based on his publications: "But how does a university professor in the subject of history want to make the meaning of correct citation credible to his students if he believes he can do without it in his own works based on archive sources?"
  55. ↑ Toni Pierenkemper: “Modern” company history on familiar (wrong) paths? In: Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 57, 2012, pp. 70–85, here p. 83.
  56. ↑ Tim Schanetzky: The Follower Factory. Erlangen access to "modern corporate history". In: ACCUMULATION. Information from the working group for critical corporate and industrial history. Volume 31, 2011, pp. 3–10 ( online ; PDF; 251 kB).
  57. ↑ Cornelia Rauh: "Applied History" as an apologetics agency? In: Journal of Company History. Volume 56, 2011, pp. 102–115 (PDF)
  58. ^ A b Gregor Schöllgen: History as Capital. Origin, working method and profile of the Center for Applied History (ZAG). P. 2 and 22. ( Memento from August 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 340 kB).
  59. ↑ Richard Rabensaat: private story . In: Potsdam's latest news. January 21, 2012, accessed May 31, 2020.
  60. ↑ Rainer Blasius: King Gustav the Bright. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. August 23, 2010, accessed June 11, 2020.
  61. ↑ Wolfgang Labuhn: From the Empire to the Western community of values. In: Deutschlandfunk. September 9, 2013, accessed June 11, 2020.
  62. ^ Gregor Schöllgen: Knowledge in motion. The Friedrich Alexander University. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-421-04836-3 .
  63. ^ Statement by the Philosophical Faculty and the Theology Department on the book by Gregor Schöllgen “Knowledge in Motion” presented on November 4th, 2018 as part of the FAU dies academicus. In: www.phil.fau.de. November 8, 2018, accessed May 31. 2020.
  64. ↑ Christina Merkel: Dispute about Schöllgen's book: University instead of kindergarten. In: nordbayern.de. December 6, 2018, accessed May 31, 2020.
  65. ↑ a b Michael Husarek, Kirsten Waltert: FAU does not get to the top because the basis is missing. In: Nürnberger Nachrichten . December 14, 2018, accessed June 3, 2020.
  66. ↑ Olaf Przybilla, Uwe Ritzer, Willi Winkler: What can the humanities do? In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . February 15, 2019, accessed June 3, 2020.
  67. ↑ Olaf Przybilla: This book breathes a lot of yesterday. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. 7th December 2018.
  68. ↑ Anna-Lena Scholz: The slipped university. In: The time. December 28, 2018.
  69. ↑ From a named mouth. In: gregorschoellgen.de. February 13, 2019, accessed on June 2, 2020: “For me there is no university history. which came out in a comparable quality. I have published various titles in this sector, including the university under the swastika and much more. [The] publication is characterized by its clarity, precision of presentation, the density of information and the fact that it also describes problems and undesirable developments brilliantly and makes them understandable for the reader. "
personal data
SURNAME Schöllgen, Gregor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1952
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf