HAP Grieshaber

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HAP Grieshaber (1970)

HAP Grieshaber , originally Helmut Andreas Paul Grieshaber (born February 15, 1909 in Rot an der Rot ; † May 12, 1981 in Eningen unter Achalm ), was a German graphic designer and visual artist . His preferred medium was the large-format, abstract woodcut .

Life

Born in Upper Swabia , Grieshaber spent his school days from 1915 to 1924, first in Nagold and later in Reutlingen , where he completed an apprenticeship as a typesetter from 1924 to 1927 . He also attended the State School of Applied Arts in Stuttgart. Due to a lack of family support, he had to break off his studies in 1928, after which he was (temporarily) unemployed.

After he had meanwhile resumed studies at the arts and crafts school, study trips took him between 1931 and 1933 to England , Egypt and Greece . In July 1933 he returned to Germany. Since he could not assert himself as an artist, he kept himself afloat with odd jobs. As a critic of National Socialism, the Reich Chamber of Culture threatened to prohibit him from working as a commercial artist and painter in 1937, but this was not pronounced. After the beginning of the Second World War , Grieshaber was drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1940 and was stationed as a radio operator in Hagenau in Alsace. In 1945 he became an American prisoner of war and was interned in Mons (Belgium) for about a year .

In 1946 he returned to the Reutlingen area, where from that time he lived and worked on the Achalm near Eningen, a municipality in the immediate vicinity of Reutlingen. In 1950 he helped found the German Association of Artists , of which he was a board member from 1956 to 1967. Between 1951 and 1953 he worked as a teacher at the Bernstein School near Sulz am Neckar and in 1955 he succeeded Erich Heckel at the Karlsruhe Art Academy , where he taught until 1960. Grieshaber gave up his professorship when some of his students failed the second state examination because their examination papers were not considered realistic enough and they were found to have a lack of manual skills. This process sparked a much publicized debate about what art is and what should not be art and subsequently led to the change in the examination regulations of the Karlsruhe Academy, which originated from the time of National Socialism .

He was the editor of magazines such as the angel of history or, together with Heinrich Böll , Walter Warnach and Werner von Trott zu Solz, the labyrinth (1960–1962).

In the following years Grieshaber received various prizes and awards; So in 1957 the Upper Swabian Art Prize , 1961 the City of Darmstadt's Art Prize , the Cornelius Prize of the City of Düsseldorf in 1962 , the Culture Prize of the German Trade Union Federation in 1968 , the Dürer Prize of the City of Nuremberg in 1971 and the Gutenberg Prize of the City of Leipzig in 1978 . Together with Rolf Szymanski he founded the Jerg Ratgeb Prize , which was awarded to the sculptor Rudolf Hoflehner for the first time in 1977 .

Grieshaber was also socially and politically active , for example against the dictatorships in Greece between 1967 and 1974 and Chile after the military coup of 1973 , as well as in the field of landscape protection / ecology , against nuclear power plants and for building bridges between the two German states GDR and FRG. The most important participant in this was the poet Margarete Hannsmann , his partner from 1967 to 1978.

On his 70th birthday in 1979, major retrospectives were shown in many museums in both parts of Germany. In 1980, Grieshaber was awarded the Konstanz Art Prize for the last time in his life. He died the following year at the age of 72.

Artistic importance

After the Second World War, HAP Grieshaber renewed the woodcut and developed it into an independent, monumental mural.

During the dictatorship of National Socialism , the left-wing artist who lived in Reutlingen could only work as an artist in secret. Nevertheless, a considerable amount of woodcuts was created during this time. Landscapes of the Swabian Alb , animals, religious and mythological themes are repeatedly varied in a contemporary and political context, but also separately from it. While the early work was initially based on the medieval line woodcut , Grieshaber succeeded in a convincing synthesis of the line cut with the plane woodcut from the late 1930s.

At the beginning of the 1950s, while he was working at the Bernstein School, he made the first life-size woodcuts, which he later expanded into partially multi-part cycles.

After participating in documenta 1 (1955) and documenta II (1959), he continued the path to monumentalizing woodcuts with the documenta wall for documenta III in Kassel in 1964 and in many large pictures for public buildings. One of his greatest works is the storm ram that was created in 1965 for the new building of the Reutlingen town hall , a tree trunk 12 meters long made into a wooden stick, which is exhibited in the foyer of the town hall.

His topics range from the flora and fauna of the Swabian Alb to lovers, religious and mythological depictions to political, social and ecological issues. The focus of his work was always on people and human dignity , for which he was committed whenever it seemed necessary to him.

In addition to the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart , the Städtisches Kunstmuseum Spendhaus Reutlingen has one of the most extensive holdings of Grieshaber's works, including numerous unique and artist's copies.

HAP Grieshaber's works are documented in the Reutlinger Künstlerlexikon reference work .

On November 25, 2018, an episode of the NDR's Lieb & Teuer program was broadcast, moderated by Janin Ullmann and filmed in Reinbek Castle . A graphic portfolio with eight graphics with scenes from the life of Christ was discussed with painting expert Beate Rhenisch.

Works (selection)

  • 1935 The Marienkirche in Reutlingen I , book with 7 woodcuts, 24.4 × 15.5 cm
  • 1935 The Marienkirche in Reutlingen II , book with 7 woodcuts, 24.5 × 15.6 cm
  • 1935 Passion , 30 woodcuts, some hand-colored, 50 × 35 cm
  • 1936 The Swabian Alb - a book of woodcuts , woodcut portfolio made together with Klaus Vrieslander , 39.5 × 50 cm
  • 1946 The twelve months , 12 woodblock prints in different sizes (approx. 9 × 9 cm)
  • 1949 Ulmer Tuch I , 16 color woodcuts printed on canvas, 270 × 221 cm
  • 1950 Die Koppel , color woodcut 16.50 × 12.25 cm
  • 1952 Picture of Pain ( diptych ), woodcut in color, 151 × 133 cm
  • 1952 Germany , color woodcut, 105 × 200 cm
  • 1956 Janus heads , portfolio with 6 woodcuts in color, 50 × 35 cm
  • 1960 African Passion ( triptych ) woodblock prints, 120 × 90 cm, 120 × 68 cm, 120 × 103 cm
  • 1961 The Firebird: 10 woodblock prints
  • 1964 Dedicated to The Lord's black nightingale , portfolio with six woodcuts in color and four woodcuts in black, 67.5 × 54 cm
  • 1964 Osterritt , portfolio with 39 woodcuts, 32 × 27 cm
  • 1965 The Rhine , woodcut wall in the Bonn Opera
  • 1965 Carl Orff : Carmina Burana , together with Jacques Prévert , portfolio with 14 color woodcuts, 68.5 × 54 cm
  • 1965 Sturmbock , 14 woodcuts with motifs from the history of Reutlingen in a 90 cm high and 1200 cm long Abachi trunk for the Reutlingen Town Hall , trunk attached above the entrance to the council chamber
  • 1965 Ansgar leaves the burning Hamburg , several woodcuts, 300 × 120 cm. A woodcut hangs in the parish hall of the Ansgar Church in Hamburg-Langenhorn . The printing block for this hangs in the Hamburg main church St. Nikolai .
  • 1966 Totentanz von Basel , 40 woodcuts in color, 45 × 35 cm, Dresden
  • 1969 Heart eye , 8 woodcuts, Parabel Verlag
  • 1970 Josef's picture wall in the Stadtkirche Stuttgart-Untertürkheim : 36 panels measuring approximately 140 cm × 117 cm in six rows trace the life of Josef
  • Way of the Cross of Reconciliation in the Hofkirche Bruchsal
  • 1972 Deluge , 12 woodcuts on glass fiber fleece, each 300 × 100 cm, Kunsthalle Rostock collection
  • 1973 New Town Hall Pforzheim, Council Chamber: 13 woodcuts show 6 scenes from the city's history, in the upper foyer a mural with textile prints from the cycle “Men’s Forest”
  • 1974 Where books burn, people are burned too , color woodcut on cardboard
  • 1978 Herreiend die Zukunft, 9 woodcuts based on a poem by Volker Braun; Graphics Edition III by the Philipp Reclam jun. Leipzig

Exhibitions

Honors

literature

  • Kurt Femppel (Ed.): HAP Grieshaber, Applied Art. Gulde Druck, Tübingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-939775-59-1 .
  • Kurt Femppel (Ed.): HAP Grieshaber: Art on the building. Gulde Druck, Tübingen 2014, DNB 1055030212 .
  • Wendelin Renn (Ed.): Dance, Death, Dance !: Matthäus Merian the Elder, Emanuel Büchel, HAP Grieshaber. Villingen-Schwenningen 2012, ISBN 978-3-939423-38-6 .
  • HAP Grieshaber, series and posters. ed. from the Folkwang Museum. Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-86930-272-0 .
  • Grieshaber and the modern. ed. from the municipal art museum Spendhaus Reutlingen. Reutlingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-939775-04-1 .
  • Frontier workers. Grieshaber and the GDR. ed. from the municipal art museum Spendhaus Reutlingen. Reutlingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-939775-07-2 .
  • Paul Swiridoff: The wooden paths of Hap Grieshaber. Künzelsau, 1999, ISBN 3-934350-11-9 .
  • Eckhart Gillen (Ed.): Pictures of Germany. Art from a divided country. Catalog for the exhibition of the 47th Berliner Festwochen in the Martin-Gropius-Bau, September 7, 1997 to January 11, 1998. DuMont, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7701-4173-3 .
  • Margot Fürst (Ed.): Grieshaber - The Work. 80th birthday homage. Cantz, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-7757-0280-6 .
  • Margarete Hannsmann: Peacock cry. The years with HAP Grieshaber. Albrecht Knaus, Munich / Hamburg 1986, ISBN 3-8135-0744-0 .
  • Margot Fürst (Ed.): HAP Grieshaber: Malbriefe. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1969, OCLC 81478444 .
  • Wilhelm Boeck : HAP Grieshaber - woodcuts. Günther Neske publishing house, Pfullingen 1959.

Web links

Commons : HAP Grieshaber  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Board members of the German Association of Artists since 1951. Retrieved on August 8, 2014.
  2. ↑ Michael Hübl: With the motor scooter from studio to studio. In: BNN . February 18, 2011.
  3. ^ Richard W. Eichler: Masters, artists, charlatans. JF Lehmann Verlag, 1960. (1978 first edition with ISBN 3-85002-093-2 )
  4. ^ Library Service Center (BSZ) Baden-Württemberg // Southwest German Library Association
  5. ↑ Video graphics by HAP Grieshaber on ndr.de
  6. ↑ The printing block on the website of the main church St. Nikolai
  7. ↑ 40 years of exhibitions for contemporary wood printing , Galerie Art + Vision, Bern 2013.
  8. ^ Page of the museum on the exhibition
  9. ^ Page of the museum on the exhibition
  10. ↑ page  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the museum to the exhibition@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.reutlingen.de  
  11. ^ HAP Grieshaber Gymnasium in the BZN. In: www.bzn.rt.bw.schule.de. Retrieved January 15, 2017 .
personal data
SURNAME Grieshaber, HAP
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grieshaber, Helmut Andreas Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German graphic artist and visual artist
DATE OF BIRTH February 15, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Red on the red
DATE OF DEATH May 12, 1981
Place of death Eningen under Achalm