Hermann von der Malsburg

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Hermann von der Malsburg († 1557) was a court official and military man from the Hessian nobility , from 1519 Marshal of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse .

origin

His parents were Otto von der Malsburg († 1504), who is attested as a councilor to the Hessian Landgrave Ludwig II and as a landgrave bailiff on Schöneberg and from 1490 also as an electoral Cologne bailiff at the Kugelsburg and in Liebenau , and his wife Beata (Beatrix) born of manholes .

In landgrave service

Hermann von der Malsburg also entered the landgrave's service and became counsel and close confidante of Landgrave Philip I. As early as 1519, he was declared Marshal of the Landgrave. In 1521 he accompanied the 17-year-old Landgrave to the Reichstag in Worms . In 1522/23 he fought with Philipp in his coalition of princes with the Archbishop of Trier and Elector Richard von Greiffenklau and Elector Ludwig V of the Palatinate against the leader of the Palatinate knight revolt , Franz von Sickingen . Sickingen had already carried out a raid-like and successful feud against the unprepared Landgrave Philipp in September 1518 , but was now besieged at his Nanstein Castle and forced to surrender on May 7, 1523 and succumbed to a serious wound during the bombardment of the castle on the same day .

In 1525 Hermann von der Malsfeld fought with the Landgrave in the Peasants' War against the rebellious peasants in East Hesse and Thuringia ( Fulda and the Battle of Frauenberg , Hersfeld , Battle of Frankenhausen ).

In 1534 Marschall von der Malsburg took part in the Landgrave's campaign to Württemberg to help Duke Ulrich von Württemberg regain his throne. The Duke was by the troops of 1519 Swabian League expelled from Württemberg and had found refuge with Landgrave Philip while Württemberg by Emperor Charles V under governorship of Habsburg was made. On April 23, 1534, Landgrave Philipp I and Duke Ulrich rode out of Kassel with the knighthood of Lower Hesse to take the lead of an army that was gathering in southern Hesse, which eventually numbered around 4,000 horsemen and around 20,000 men on foot. The cavalry consisted of 1500 Hessian knights and their followers, commanded by their marshal Hermann von der Malsburg, and 2500 soldiers under Jost von Steinberg . The infantry consisted of a 5100-strong regiment of Dutch mercenaries under Hans von Bellersheim , two regiments oberländischer mercenaries with a total of 11,000 men under the mercenary leader Count Wilhelm von Furstenberg as well as some troop of Count George I of Württemberg to Mömpelgard , the brother of Duke Ulrich, four of Sebastian Schertlin , and five under Count Salis . The army marched through the Odenwald against the Austrian governor in Württemberg, Count Palatine Philipp von Pfalz-Neuburg . On May 13, 1534, the battle of Lauffen broke out , which ended in a total victory for the Hessians. The Austrians lost their camp, a large part of their ammunition and 2,000 dead. The outcome of the battle and the resulting Treaty of Kaaden on June 29, 1534 secured Ulrich's return to his country, where he then introduced the Reformation .

In 1535, Hermann von der Malsburg went into the field again on behalf of his landgrave, when Philipp sent him to Münster with a contingent of Hessian troops to support Bishop Franz von Waldeck , in order to recapture the city from the Anabaptists . The city was besieged and taken on June 25, 1535.

After 1538 Hermann von der Malsburg is referred to as the old marshal , which probably means that a younger successor took up this office at this time. Malsburg has been mentioned as court marshal since at least 1534 . In 1542 he is mentioned as one of the planned guardians of his sons in the will of Landgrave Philipp, which was drawn up that year (later invalidated).

possession

Hermann von der Malsburg succeeded in considerably increasing the family property.

In 1515 he bought the Elmarshausen estate from his father-in-law, Eberhard von Gudenberg , with the field marrow of the deserted hamlet of Witmarsen . When the latter died in 1534 and his line became extinct in the male line, Malsburg received a fiefdom from Landgrave Philipp I as heir of the Gudenberg feudal estates Elmarshausen . He used a donation received from Duke Ulrich after the battle of Lauffen , at least in part, to have the old Elmarshausen moated castle expanded , presumably by Jörg Unkair , into a castle in the Weser Renaissance style .

Soon afterwards, from 1537 to 1554, Malsburg was involved in a serious dispute with the city of Wolfhagen over the 71 Casseler Acker (almost 17 hectares ) large Lindengrund forest enclosure, between the Wolfhagen Landwehr and the Erpe, which was carried to the court in Marburg . It was not until 1554 that a settlement was finally reached that fully confirmed the Wolfhagern's right of ownership and use. The dispute flared up again when Hermann's sons Eckbrecht and Hermann had the Lindengrund enclosed again as if it were their property, and it was not ended until March 1587 when Malsburg recognized the settlement of 1554 again.

Already on April 21, 1534, two days before the march to Württemberg, Malsdorf received the village of Bründersen along with court and church patronage from the Landgrave as a fief. He has also received by Landgrave in the same year was built in 1483 in Kassel, New deanery, the representative home of the twelve capitulars of St. Martin pin selected Siftsdekans to hereditary fief ; After the last Catholic dean, Konrad Pflugk, died there in 1537, he took possession of the house and it remained in his family until 1756, when Landgrave Wilhelm VIII bought it.

Also in 1534, after the death of his father-in-law, his half of the deserted village of Ödinghausen came to him. He first settled six farmers there in 1545, then bought half of the Wolff von Gudenberg family in 1550 , resigned the farmers and had a manorial estate built on the site of the former hamlet .

In 1541, Landgrave Philipp Hermann von der Malsburg enfeoffed Breuna and the church patronage there .

According to the fief book made after his death, he owned considerable fiefs and the like. a. by the Landgrave of Hesse, the Archbishop of Mainz, the Count of Waldeck and the Duke of Braunschweig . In addition to the locations already mentioned, there are also a. mentions a castle loan to Wolfhagen in the local freedom ("quarta feria"), a house to Immenhausen in the outer bailey, the court and areas to Ober- and Niederelsungen half, as well as wood deliveries from the Gasterfelder wood and the whole or half tenth from several places .

Marriages and offspring

Hermann von der Malsburg was in his first marriage to one of the two daughters of Eberhard (Ebert) von Gudenberg († 1534) and his wife Anna von Löwenstein (* 1516), daughter of the Hessian court master Johann von Löwenstein (* 1475, † 1523) and his wife Anna von Dörnberg (* 1473), married. When Eberhard von Gudenberg died in 1534 and his line became extinct in the male line, his allodial and fiefdom property came in equal parts or in inheritance through his daughters to their spouses, Hermann von der Malsburg and a Wolff from Gudenberg to Itter.

Anna von Löwenstein apparently died early, and in 1524 Hermann married Katharina von Viermund (* December 18, 1508, † 1597, buried in Breuna), daughter of Philip I of Viermund zu Nordenbeck and Bladenhorst († November 9, 1528 , buried in the observant monastery in Korbach ) and his first wife, Beata von Düngelen († 1514).

There is less clarity about Hermann's descendants. A son Christoph is named as heir and finisher of Elmarshausen Castle. Another son was Erich, who together with his father founded a foundation for the poor from Breuna, Ober- and Niederelsungen in 1552. It is not known whether this is identical to Eckbrecht, mentioned elsewhere with a brother named Hermann, who served as governor of Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hesse-Kassel .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Georg Landau: The Hessian knight castles and their owners. Volume 4. Bohné, Kassel 1839, p. 229.
  2. ↑ from the Malsburg . In: Marcelli Janecki , Deutsche Adelsgenossenschaft (Hrsg.): Yearbook of the German nobility . Second volume. WT Bruer's Verlag, Berlin 1898, p. 499-500 ( dlib.rsl.ru ).
  3. ^ Digital Westphalian document database: Regest of September 2, 1490.
  4. ↑ Hermann von der Malsburg (MRFH 2906) , in the Marburg repertory on translation literature in early German humanism.
  5. ↑ Dutch Landsknechte were recruited from Northern Germany, Oberland from Bavaria, Swabia and Austria.
  6. ^ Johannes Volker Wagner: Count Wilhelm von Fürstenberg, 1491–1549, and the political-intellectual powers of his time. Hiersemann, Saarbrücken 1966.
  7. ↑ Ludwig Friedrich Heyd: Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg. Second volume. Fues, Tübingen, 1841, pp. 451-454.
  8. ↑ Johann Andreas Hofmann: Abhandelung of the former and present war state. Meyer, Lemgo 1769, pp. 346-347.
  9. ↑ Hermann von der Malsburg (MRFH 2906) , in the Marburg repertory on translation literature in early German humanism.
  10. ^ Friedrich Küch (Ed.): Political archive of Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous of Hesse. First volume, Hirzel, Leipzig 1904, p. 7.
  11. ↑ His son Christoph († 1580) completed the building of the palace by 1563.
  12. ↑ It is piquant that a close relative of the marshal, Georg von der Malsburg, was a bailiff von Wolfhagen and one of the arbitrators.
  13. ^ Karl Lyncker: History of the city of Wolfhagen. In: Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies, Sixth Supplement. Bohné, Kassel 1855, pp. 53–54.
  14. ↑ The von der Malsburg exchanged the place for landgraves' shares in Oberelsungen and Niederlistingen in 1787 , but retained the patronage . (Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel 1835, p. 238.)
  15. ^ Ernst Christopher Metz : Royal seat of Cassel. Friedrich Lometsch-Verlag, Kassel, 1980.
  16. ^ Ödinghausen, Kassel district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  17. ^ Christoph von Rommel: History of Hessen; Fourth Part, First Section (Fifth Volume). Kassel 1835, p. 450.
  18. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel 1835, p. 250.

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personal data
SURNAME Malsburg, Hermann von der
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landgrave Hessian councilor and marshal
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 1557