Kühlenfels

Kühlenfels City of Pottenstein Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 16 ″  N , 11 ° 25 ′ 10 ″  E
Height :	463 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	386
Incorporation :	May 1, 1978
Postal code :	91278
Area code :	09243
Overview image: Waidach in the foreground, Kühlenfels above right and Kleinkirchenbirkig above center; Kirchenbirkig is at the top left

Kühlenfels Castle (back), from the forest path

Village church

Kühlenfels is a 463  m high church village on the Franconian Alb (Franconian Jura) southeast of the town of Pottenstein in Upper Franconia in the Bayreuth district . The place is one of the largest districts of the city of Pottenstein.

The name Kühlenfels is derived from Kulm , a toponym for the summit of a mountain, cone mountain or also dome. Further variations are Kulmleins, Kulmelins, Kulmbus, Kül Maß and Kulnfels. According to local historical research by Willy Hofmann, it has a Slavic origin.

history

Kühlenfels was settled by Slavic hunters and fishermen as early as the 9th century, but this has not been proven until the 10th century.

Around the year 1000 the village was evangelized and finally incorporated into the Archdiocese of Bamberg .

The Kühlenfels Castle was first mentioned in 1348 as a Bamberg fiefdom and the first resident Melcher family received their documented rights of use from Otto von Bamberg . The Melcher coat of arms shows two crossed forks in the shield. Also documented is the transfer of the tithe from Velden to the parish of Pottenstein , from where the church support took place.

In 1502, Kühlenfels Castle passed to Hans and Heinz von Rabenstein .

1521 attracted insurgent farmers from Hall City of pillaging by the country to Bamberg and reached 1,525 Kühlenfels. The place and castle were looted and burned down.

The Lords of Guttenberg succeeded the Lords of Rabenstein in 1563 . Lorenz von Guttenberg , one of the richest landowners of his time, gained regional fame through three legal disputes he caused:

• The Klumpermühle built in his name was torn down by the residents of Pottenstein as unwanted competition, a new building was approved by the Bamberg bishop with the condition that it would only grind for himself and the residents of the manor.
• Lorenz's desire for his own brewery, because allegedly the beer from Pottenstein was no good and the delivery route was too long, provoked again the resentment and anger of the Pottensteiners, who this time got right. In 1671, however, the existence of a brewery was reported.
• Lorenz caused the biggest controversy by attaching his coat of arms to the village church of Kühlenfels, which he regarded as his patronage church. When Otto-Philip von Guttenberg died in 1771 , his widow ordered a four-week mourning bell for a quarter of an hour a day. Such high-handedness was not tolerated by the Pottenstein pastor. There were violent acts and threats of excommunication for further violations of the rights of the Pottenstein church leadership. Finally, in 1772 the most severe ecclesiastical punishment was the interdict . Only a petition from Waidacher, who was involved in this punishment, to Prince-Bishop Franz-Ludwig ended the suffering of the villagers without church services, church funerals and sacraments.

Until the municipal area reform , Kühlenfels was an independent municipality in what was then the Pegnitz district with the Klumpermühle district , which disappeared in the 20th century . On May 1, 1978, Kühlenfels was incorporated into the town of Pottenstein .

In July 2005, Kühlenfels celebrated its 1025th anniversary.

Attractions

In the list of architectural monuments in Pottenstein (Upper Franconia) there are three architectural monuments for Kühlenfels .

The current owner of the castle is Irmgard Belz, who lives in it herself. Her late husband Roland Belz had it renovated after the purchase. The driveway was extended with a tower and a portal and the original appearance of the complex was restored. A castle park was also created.

Personalities

• Christoph Maier (* 1931), politician, member of the Bavarian State Parliament

literature

• Wolfgang Wießner: Kühlenfels - history of a village in Franconian Switzerland . Commission publisher Korn & Berg, Nuremberg 1978, ISBN 3-87432-047-2 .

Web links

Commons : Kühlenfels (Pottenstein)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Municipality website Pottenstein - district of Kühlenfels
• Club-run site at Kühlenfels

Individual evidence

1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 675 .