Kuk Infantry Regiment "Albrecht von Württemberg" No. 73

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Imperial and Royal Infantry Regiment "Albrecht von Württemberg" No. 73

First lieutenant of the regiment in parade adjustment
active 1860 to 1918
Country Austrian EmpireEmpire of Austria Austria-Hungary
Armed forces Austro-Hungarian Land Forces
Armed forces army
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry regiment
structure See outline
Location See garrisons
management
Commanders See list of commanders

The kuk infantry regiment "Albrecht von Württemberg" No. 73 was a regiment of the common army from 1860 to 1918 and thus part of the land forces of Austria-Hungary .

history

Surname

The regiment was set up on February 1, 1860 as kk infantry regiment No. 73 . For this purpose the III. Was from Infantry Regiment No. 35 in ( Pilsen ). Battalion used, it formed the 1st battalion. The previous III. Battalion of Infantry Regiment No. 42 in ( Komotau ) became the II. Battalion of the new regiment, the III. The battalion was formed from 800 members of the 35 and 42 regiments on leave. 46 officers from Infantry Regiment No. 55 were transferred to this battalion. From 1871 to 1903 it was named kuk Infanterieregiment Wilhelm or from 1898 Albrecht von Württemberg No. 73 , 1904 to 1913 kuk Infantry Regiment Albrecht von Württemberg No. 73 and from 1914 kuk Infantry Regiment Albrecht von Württemberg No. 73 . In 1915 all troops lost their names of honor and additional designations and were only listed according to the trunk number. Thus the last name is kuk infantry regiment No. 73.

It was popularly known as the Württemberg or Egerland infantry regiment .

Garrisons

Bruckor barracks on Franzensbaderstraße in Eger around 1914

As usual in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, the regiment frequently changed its location.

Stationed in Krakow since 1860, it moved to Vienna in 1866 in the Alser barracks . On September 1, 1871, it moved to Theresienstadt together with Infantry Regiment No. 42. After eleven years of garrison service, the regiment departed on September 12, 1882, on foot to Prague. It arrived there on September 15, 1882 and moved into the Josefskaserne as accommodation. From September 30, 1883 the regiment was stationed in Tyrol and the battalions and companies were distributed to different locations. Returning to Pilsen in 1890, 1894 brought another change of garrison to Prague. It arrived there on September 9th and was housed in the Aujezder and armory barracks.

From 1891, parts of the regiment were regularly relocated to the occupied territory in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro.

A battalion was always stationed in Eger , which since 1860 also housed the supplementary district station. There the regiment was demobilized and disbanded in November 1918. The regiment's barracks in Eger are still standing and were used by the Czechoslovak People's Army until the end of the Cold War . It is located on the coordinate: 50 ° 5 ′ 11 ″  N , 12 ° 22 ′ 4 ″  O

year Rod I. Battalion II Battalion III. battalion IV Battalion
1860 to 1866 Krakow Krakow Krakow Eger -
1866 to 1871 Vienna Vienna Vienna Vienna Eger
1871 to 1882 Theresienstadt Theresienstadt Theresienstadt Theresienstadt Eger
1882 to 1883 Prague Prague Prague Prague Eger
1883 to 1890 innsbruck Hall in Tirol (1st and 4th company ) and Kufstein (2nd and 3rd company) Innsbruck (5th and 6th Company), Vahrn (7th Company) and Franzensfeste (8th Company) Eger innsbruck
1890 to 1894 Pilsen Pilsen (1891 in Gorazde ) Pilsen Pilsen Eger
1894 to 1897 Prague Prague Eger Prague Prague
1897 to 1918 Prague Prague (1902 in Budua , 1903 in Cattaro , 1904 in Krivošije , 1905 to 1906 in Castelnuovo ) Prague (1909 to 1910 in Sanskimost ) Prague (1897 to 1900 in Kalinovik ) Eger

In 1860 the supplementary district station Eger with the supplementary district western Bohemia with the district authorities Asch , Eger, Plan , Tepl , Tachau , Karlsbad , Elbogen , Falkenau and Graslitz was established. Brüx , Komotau , Podersam and Teplitz left the supplementary district in 1868, Joachimsthal , Kaaden , Kralowitz , Luditz , Saaz and Weipert left the supplementary district in 1882.

Participation in skirmishes and combat operations

Regimental memorial stone on the battlefield near Jitschin
The regiment left Eger in 1914
After the storming of Monte Mosciagh in July 1916

1866 Participation in the German War

1914 to 1918 Participation in the First World War and deployment on the Southwest, Eastern and Italian Fronts :

Serbia

  • August to December 1914: advance across the Drina to Belgrade , with a baptism of fire on August 12, 1914.
  • December 1914 to February 1915: Restoration (rest) in Hungary .

Eastern Front

Italian front

On November 14, 1918, the regiment met with its sister regiment from Egerland, the K. k. Landwehr Infantry Regiment "Eger" No. 6 arrived in Eger late in the evening and was demobilized there in the following days.

organization

Association membership

Since the year it was founded, the regiment formed a brigade formation together with the 42nd Infantry Regiment. In 1866 it was part of the Ringelsheim Brigade .

In 1882 it joined the association of the 18th Infantry Brigade, which belonged to the 9th Infantry Troop Division in Prague. This was under the VIII Corps Command, which was also stationed in Prague.

In June 1917 subordinate to the 12th Mountain Brigade of the 48th Infantry Troop Division and from October 1918 together with Infantry Regiment No. 120 of the 96th Infantry Brigade and thus the 8th Infantry Troop Division.

The team replacement came from the supplementary district of Eger. 97% of the regiment members were of German nationality, 3% of others.

structure

The organization of the regiment and the number of its subordinate battalions changed rapidly in the early years. In 1860 the regiment consisted of three battalions of three divisions (two companies formed one division) of two companies. So a total of six companies per battalion and 18 companies per regiment. In 1861 a fourth battalion was set up, in 1866 a fifth for a short time, but this one with only two divisions, i.e. four companies. On November 1, 1866, the regiment was reclassified into four battalions to four companies, the division disappeared as a tactical unit. In 1869 the regiment consisted of five field battalions of four companies and a supplementary battalion of five companies. The I., II. And III. Battalion formed the field regiment, the 4th and 5th battalion, under the command of a colonel or lieutenant colonel, was called "reserve command" in peacetime and "reserve regiment" in war. The reserve command was basically deployed to the supplementary district station during peacetime. The field regiment and the reserve command were supposed to be equivalent, but this did not correspond to reality. In 1883 it was reclassified into four battalions. The surplus 5th Battalion was given up for the establishment of Infantry Regiment No. 88.

According to the "organizational provisions for the kuk infantry" of 1895, an infantry regiment was divided into

  • the regimental staff
  • four field battalions, each with four field companies, and in the
  • Replacement battalion cadre.

The reserve battalion cadre was responsible for keeping records of those in the regiment who were inactive.

In 1907 three machine gun divisions, each with two machine guns, were introduced per regiment.

Commanders

At the Battle of the Kolubara in Serbia in November 1914
No. Surname Beginning of the appointment
1. Colonel Baron Joseph Dormus von Kilianshausen February 1, 1860
2. Colonel Carl Ludwig Serinny June 25, 1863
3. Colonel Johann Brenneis August 15, 1866
4th Colonel Franz Ritter von Littrow April 27, 1869
5. Colonel Johann Edler von Herget January 26, 1872
6th Colonel Anton Hiltl March 20, 1876
7th Colonel Ludwig Brunswik von Korompa August 25, 1878
8th. Colonel Ferdinand Pittoni von Dannenfeld May 2, 1879
9. Colonel Ferdinand Ritter Pachner von Eggenstorf and Stolac July 11, 1882
10. Colonel Wilfried Ritter von Pistor April 15, 1886
11. Colonel Ladislaus Halper von Szigeth April 1887
12. Colonel Julian Sloninka von Holódow March 20, 1892
13. Colonel Otto Adelbert Edler von Riedlechner May 1, 1896
14th Colonel Viktor Fiebich December 26, 1901
15th Colonel Karl (Freiherr) von Lukas October 19, 1905
16. Colonel Adolf Brunswik von Korompa May 1, 1910
17th Colonel Karl Wilde 1914
18th Colonel Alfred Steinsberg November 27, 1914
19th Colonel Johann Trampus February 1, 1915
20th Colonel Oskar Slameczka June 30, 1917

Regimental owner

Regiment owner Duke Albrecht von Württemberg in the uniform of an imperial and royal major general
No. Surname Period
1. Alexander Count Mensdorff-Pouilly January 20, 1860 to 1865
2. Duke Wilhelm of Württemberg May 16, 1865 to 1896
3. Duke Albrecht of Württemberg 1898 to 1918

Armament and equipment

Main armament

The main armament in the early years consisted of a rifled muzzle-loading rifle , Lorenz system. An experienced shooter could fire up to three shots per minute. But if the soldier bent the ramrod in the heat of the moment, loading was impossible until the ramrod was straightened again. Immediately after the campaign in 1866, the Wänzl system was converted to the single-shot breech loader with a hinged lock. These rifles, for the most part already heavily used, were then replaced as quickly as possible by a breech loader with a shaft lock based on the Werndl system. The M.1890 Mannlicher system repeating rifle then served as the standard weapon of the Austrian infantry from 1895 . The knife-shaped bayonet M.1888 belonged to the rifle . In 1907 the regiment received six machine guns, Schwarzlose M7 / 12 system .

uniform

The parade and exit uniform consisted of the infantry chako , a dark blue tunic with a row of yellow buttons. In addition, a pair of blue-gray colored trousers (they were actually anthracite colored) and black shoes. The leveling on the stand-up collar, the cuffs and the trouser piping on the officers was cherry red.

banner

From the day of its formation on February 1, 1860 to May 18, 1862, the regiment carried the flag of the third battalion of Infantry Regiment No. 35, consecrated in 1813, which was used to set up the regiment. On May 18, 1862 it was given its own in what was then the Krakow garrison. Flag used until 1918.

Others

Persons in the regiment

Hermann Kusmanek von Burgneustädten
  • Archduke Eugen von Österreich-Teschen , (born May 21, 1863 in Groß Seelowitz , Moravia ; † December 30, 1954 in Meran , South Tyrol ), 1879 with the Bohemian Infantry Regiment Albrecht von Württemberg No. 73, Field Marshal, last secular Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
  • Hermann Kusmanek von Burgneustädten , (born September 16, 1860 in Sibiu ; † August 7, 1934 in Vienna ) 1893 to 1894 company commander in the Imperial Infantry Regiment Wilhelm von Württemberg No. 73, colonel general.
  • Franz Schmid (born May 8, 1841 in Prague; † June 12, 1921, in Prague), 1899 to 1909 regimental conductor of the kuk infantry regiment Wilhelm von Württemberg No. 73, composer and conductor.

Regimental march

In 1867, Emperor Franz Joseph I ordered the regimental band of the 73s to play the military band's prize game at the World Exhibition in Paris. In 1891 the regimental bandmaster Wendelin Kopetzky composed the 73er march, the famous " Egerland march". The hometown of the now so popular and famous march of the Sudeten Germans was therefore Pilsen. Lieutenant Richard Legnam wrote the text in the Egerland dialect .

The kuk military bandmaster Wendelin Kopetzky was initially employed by the Feldjäger Battalion No. 29 and then switched to the Navy (1869–1871). For the longest time, however, he was regimental bandmaster (1871–1899) in Infantry Regiment No. 73.

1. When
holy duty calls us, We brave warriors do not hesitate.
We swear it with heart and hand,
My Egerland, my fatherland.
And when it flashes and cracks in the field,
And our hearts laugh,
We rush forward on a bloody path.
You, flag shine ahead.

2. When death and perdition surround us,
No life penetrates our chests,
We advance and do not give way,
We fall after our duty has been fulfilled.
When laurel adorns the flag,
you, Lord, the best thanks are due!
We praise you and swear anew
that we are true to the old motto.

Refrain: |: And if the world were full of devils, we will follow you to glory and honor. : |

73 regimental march on YouTube

Motto

"And if the world were full of devils - we will follow you to fame and honor!"

References

swell

  • Austrian State Archives, War Archives Department, holdings AdT, BA, FA, VL

literature

  • Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck , Erich Lessing : The K. (below) K. Army 1848–1914. Munich / Vienna 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .
  • Oskar Brüch, Günter Dirrheimer: The kuk Heer 1895 (writings of the Army History Museum in Vienna, Military Science Institute, Volume 10). Graz 1997, ISBN 3-7020-0783-0 .
  • Max Ritter von Hoen : History of the former Egerland Infantry Regiment No. 73. Vienna 1939
  • Karl Ladek: History of the Austro-Hungarian Infantry Regiment Albrecht Herzog von Württemberg No. 73. Prague 1912.
  • Michael MF Kummer: The kuk infantry regiment No. 73 “Egerländer” in the 1st World War Lahnstein 2015
  • Michael MF Kummer: Západočeské archivy 2019 [X], Pěší pluk č. 73 z Chebu , Karlsbad 2019, ISBN 978-80-906208-4-1
  • Robert Rostok: The k. and k. Infantry Regiment No. 73 Wilhelm Herzog zu Württemberg (now Albrecht Herzog von Württemberg) on ​​the campaign in Bohemia in 1866. Eger around 1902.
  • Wrede, History of the KuK Wehrmacht, Volume I. Vienna 1898

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See schematic for the imperial and royal army and for the imperial and royal navy for 1914.
  2. ↑ See Ladek 1912, p. 117.
  3. ↑ See Hoen 1939, pp. 696ff.
  4. ↑ See Ladek 1912, p. 21f.