Koos

This article deals with the island in the Greifswalder Bodden; for persons with this name, see Koos (name) .

Koos
Northern part of Koos island (2011)
Waters	Greifswalder Bodden
Geographical location	54 ° 10 '18 "  N , 13 ° 24' 43"  E Coordinates: 54 ° 10 '18 "  N , 13 ° 24' 43"  E
length	2.3 km
width	1 km
surface	1.49 km²
Highest elevation	3.6  m above sea level NN
Residents	8th 5.4 inhabitants / km²

Koos is the second largest island in the Greifswalder Bodden and belongs to the nature reserve Insel Koos, Kooser See and Wampener Reef of the state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

Under administrative law, the island belongs to the urban area of ​​the Hanseatic City of Greifswald , but is an exclave . It is closed to the public (except for a short access road which can only be used by authorized vehicles ).

history

The island was mentioned for the first time in 1184 as Coztam , which means in Slavic = sandbank or gorse bushes , when a Pomeranian fleet in front of the island in the Greifswalder Bodden was destroyed by Danes and Ruegans . The military decision between Denmark under King Canute VI. in alliance with the Danish-owned Principality of Rügen and Pomerania under Duke Bogislaw I of Stettin finally fell in the "Sea Battle of Darsimhövd" on May 19, 1184 in the sea area of ​​the Danish Wiek of the Greifswald Bodden between the island of Koos and the Ludwigsburg hook . The Danish fleet commander and bishop Absalon almost completely destroyed the Pomeranian duke's fleet during the fighting. Pomerania came under Danish rule until 1227.

At the beginning of the 13th century Koos was owned by Barnutas , a descendant of the Rügen princes, the founder of the Gristow rule. From his estate, the island came to the Eldena monastery in 1241 . The Baltic island was mentioned in a document as Chosten . The name is documented in 1247 as insula, que Chosten lingua patria appellatur . On Koos there was a Slavic castle, which was mentioned in a document as "Gart" in 1275, but which has not been proven. The monastery cleared the island's forest to use it as pastureland.

Dutch farmers were settled in the 17th century. 100 years later, no farmers lived on the island anymore. The island of Koos was attached to the Wampen estate in 1820 and farmed from there, but until after 1920, according to MTB, there was an inhabited farm on the island, which is probably used for cattle grazing. Before and during the Second World War , the island served as a bomb dropping site (especially concrete bombs ) at the neighboring air force airfield in Ladebow near Greifswald.

In 1950 the island of Koos was affiliated to the animal disease research institute on the island of Riems and has since been used for the keeping of various experimental animals for the Friedrich Loeffler Institute . For this purpose a dam was poured from the mainland to the island in 1970 and the former Vorwerk was expanded and expanded.

The island has been under nature protection since 1990 and is both a European bird sanctuary and an FFH area ( Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive ) under EU law. The island is closed to the public, the access by car permitted to the island only to authorized persons. Parts of the island are used for agriculture seasonally (extensive grazing by Uckermark cattle and Gotland sheep ).

The Karrendorfer / Kooser meadows off the island are very popular with bird watchers due to the variety of seasonally present bird species and are grazed by Uckermarkers and water buffalo . Entering the meadows is not permitted because it is part of the nature reserve.

On May 15, 2014, several sheep were killed on Koos Island. The following investigations were able to confirm a wolf as the cause.

and display information about the image

View from a viewing platform of the salt marshes and Koos island

geography

The land area is 1.49 km². The core of the island consists of boulder clay and reaches a height of 3.6 meters. The island is located in the north of Greifswald in the Greifswalder Bodden and consists of species-rich salt and wet meadows , large red ostrich grass lawns , reeds , rinsing fringes and a beach lake. Defined by Beek, a narrow, river-like running water connection , separated from the mainland.

Namesake of ships

The name of the second largest island of the Greifswald Bodden was carried by a naval tug, which was built for the 1st Flotilla of the Volksmarine in VEB Yachtwerft Berlin and put into service on June 29, 1990 after final assembly in the Volkswerft Stralsund . After reunification, the German Navy took over the ship. The tug Koos was decommissioned from the German Navy on September 28, 1995 and handed over to the Turkish Navy .

Currently, a customs boat in the port of Stahlbrode bears the name of the island.

literature

• Greifswald and its surroundings (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 14). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1968.
• Johannes Hinz: Pomerania guide through an unforgettable country. S. 187. Adam Kraft, Würzburg 1991, ISBN 3-8083-1195-9 .
• Lutz Mohr : Between Ryck and Ruden. The socialist construction of our homeland using the example of the “Bruno Leuschner” nuclear power plant ... and the “Friedrich Loeffler Institute” Riems Island - Bodden Islands as reflected in history. New Greifswald museum booklets . No. 3., Greifswald: City Museum 1978.
• Lutz Mohr: A mysterious port on the West Pomeranian coast in the 12th century. In: Heimathefte for Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 12th year, issue 3, Schwerin 2003, pp. 16-21.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 70
2. ↑ H. Hoogeweg, Monasteries in Pomerania, Part 1, Stettin, 1924, p. 533
3. ^ Karrendorfer meadows. Retrieved September 15, 2016 . 
4. ↑ Wolf confirmed as the cause of the sheep cracks on the island of Koos. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 16, 2016 ; accessed on September 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ^ Customs boat Koos - Stahlbrode. Retrieved September 26, 2016 . 

Web links

Commons : Koos  - collection of images, videos and audio files