List of German Nobel Prize Winners
This article is a list of the German Nobel Prize winners . Due to moving biographies, the clear assignment to a specific country is not always given and assignment to several countries makes sense. For example, Hermann Hesse is only listed as Swiss by the Nobel Prize Committee, although he is usually listed as German and Swiss based on his biography. Albert Schweitzer is listed as a Frenchman, but has a German biography and did not call himself a Frenchman, but a German. Nobel laureates whose Nobel Prize is usually awarded for another country by the Nobel Prize Committee, but who clearly also have German biographies and are therefore usually listed as Germans, are marked with (*).
Nobel Prize Laureates by Prize
Surname | year | category | Recognized achievements |
---|---|---|---|
Gustav Stresemann | 1926 | Nobel Peace Prize | Approach to France to secure peace in Europe |
Ludwig Quidde | 1927 | Nobel Peace Prize | Organization of peace conferences |
Carl von Ossietzky | 1935 | Nobel Peace Prize | Action against German militarism as editor-in-chief of the Weltbühne |
Albert Schweitzer * | 1952 | Nobel Peace Prize | Use against nuclear armament |
Willy Brandt | 1971 | Nobel Peace Prize | Ostpolitik |
Henry Kissinger * | 1973 | Nobel Peace Prize | Negotiating a ceasefire in the Vietnam War |
Theodor Mommsen | 1902 | Nobel Prize in literature | Roman history |
Rudolf Eucken | 1908 | Nobel Prize in literature | "On the basis of the serious search for truth, the penetrating power of thought and the foresight, the warmth and power of representation, with which he represented and developed an ideal worldview in numerous works" |
Paul Heyse | 1910 | Nobel Prize in literature | his fiction work |
Gerhart Hauptmann | 1912 | Nobel Prize in literature | "For his fruitful and versatile work in the field of dramatic poetry" |
Thomas Mann | 1929 | Nobel Prize in literature | Buddenbrooks |
Hermann Hesse * | 1946 | Nobel Prize in literature | "For his work carried through immersion, which developed more and more boldly and haunted and reveals the ideals of classical humanism as well as a high art of style" |
Nelly Sachs * | 1966 | Nobel Prize in literature | "For her excellent lyrical and dramatic works, which interpret the fate of Israel with moving force" |
Heinrich Boell | 1972 | Nobel Prize in literature | Complete works |
Günter Grass | 1999 | Nobel Prize in literature | Life's work |
Herta Müller | 2009 | Nobel Prize in literature | Complete works |
Emil Fischer | 1902 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research on sugar and purine groups |
Adolf von Baeyer | 1905 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds |
Eduard Buchner | 1907 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Discovery of cell-free fermentation |
Wilhelm Ostwald | 1909 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Work on catalysis |
Otto Wallach | 1910 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research in the field of annular hydrocarbons |
Richard Willstätter | 1915 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research on the chlorophyll |
Fritz Haber | 1918 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Development of a process for the production of ammonia |
Walther Hermann Nernst | 1920 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research on thermochemistry |
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy * | 1925 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For the elucidation of the heterogeneous nature of colloidal solutions as well as for the methods used" |
Heinrich Otto Wieland | 1927 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research on bile acid |
Adolf Windaus | 1928 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For [...] services to research into the structure of sterols and their connection with vitamins" |
Hans Fischer | 1930 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Hemin synthesis |
Friedrich Bergius | 1931 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For [...] services to the discovery and development of high pressure chemical processes" |
Carl Bosch | 1931 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Development of high pressure chemical processes |
Richard Kuhn * | 1938 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For his work on carotenoids and vitamins" |
Adolf FJ Butenandt | 1939 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research on steroid hormones |
Otto Hahn | 1944 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For his discovery of the fission of heavy atomic nuclei" |
Otto PH Diels | 1950 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Discovery of the Diels-Alder reaction |
Kurt Alder | 1950 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Discovery of the Diels-Alder reaction |
Hermann Staudinger | 1953 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Justification of polymer chemistry |
Karl Ziegler | 1963 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Discoveries in the field of polymers |
Manfred Eigen | 1967 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Measurement of the speed of rapid chemical reactions |
Gerhard Herzberg * | 1971 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For his contributions to the knowledge of the electronic structure and geometry of molecules, especially of free radicals" |
Ernst Otto Fischer | 1973 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Research into the organometallic sandwich complexes |
Georg Wittig | 1979 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | Wittig reaction |
Johann Deisenhofer | 1988 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For research into the three-dimensional structure of the reaction center of photosynthesis in a purple bacterium" |
Robert Huber | 1988 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For research into the three-dimensional structure of the reaction center of photosynthesis in a purple bacterium" |
Hartmut Michel | 1988 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For research into the three-dimensional structure of the reaction center of photosynthesis in a purple bacterium" |
Gerhard Ertl | 2007 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces" |
Stefan Hell | 2014 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For the development of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy" |
Joachim Frank * | 2017 | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | "For the development of cryo-electron microscopy for high-resolution structure elucidation of biomolecules" |
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen | 1901 | Nobel Price for physics | Discovery of X-rays |
Philipp Lenard * | 1905 | Nobel Price for physics | Research in the field of solids and atomic physics |
Ferdinand Braun | 1909 | Nobel Price for physics | Contribution to the development of wireless telegraphy |
Wilhelm Vienna | 1911 | Nobel Price for physics | Research into thermal radiation |
Max von Laue | 1914 | Nobel Price for physics | Diffraction of X-rays on crystals |
Max Planck | 1918 | Nobel Price for physics | Discovery of Planck's quantum of action |
Johannes Stark | 1919 | Nobel Price for physics | Discovery of the Doppler effect and the Stark effect |
Albert Einstein | 1921 | Nobel Price for physics | "For services to theoretical physics, especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect " |
James Franck | 1925 | Nobel Price for physics | Confirmation of Bohr's atomic model |
Gustav Hertz | 1925 | Nobel Price for physics | Confirmation of Bohr's atomic model |
Werner Heisenberg | 1932 | Nobel Price for physics | Justification of quantum mechanics |
Max Born * | 1954 | Nobel Price for physics | Basic research in quantum mechanics |
Walther Bothe | 1954 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the coincidence method |
Rudolf Moessbauer | 1961 | Nobel Price for physics | Discovery of the Mössbauer effect |
J. Hans D. Jensen | 1963 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the shell model of atomic nuclei |
Maria Goeppert-Mayer * | 1963 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the shell model of atomic nuclei |
Klaus von Klitzing | 1985 | Nobel Price for physics | Discovery of the quantized Hall effect |
Gerd Binnig | 1986 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the scanning tunneling microscope |
Ernst Ruska | 1986 | Nobel Price for physics | Invention of the electron microscope |
Johannes Georg Bednorz | 1987 | Nobel Price for physics | Research on high temperature superconductivity in ceramics made from copper oxides |
Jack Steinberger * | 1988 | Nobel Price for physics | Basic research on neutrinos |
Wolfgang Paul | 1989 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the ion trap ( Paul trap ) |
Hans Georg Dehmelt * | 1989 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the ion trap |
Horst L. Störmer | 1998 | Nobel Price for physics | "For [the] discovery of a new kind of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations" |
Herbert Kroemer | 2000 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of semiconductor heterostructures for high speed and optoelectronics |
Wolfgang Ketterle | 2001 | Nobel Price for physics | Generation of the Bose-Einstein condensate |
Theodor W. Hänsch | 2005 | Nobel Price for physics | Development of the frequency comb in connection with its other services |
Peter Grünberg | 2007 | Nobel Price for physics | "For the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR)" |
Emil von Behring | 1901 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Work on serum therapy |
Robert Koch | 1905 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discovery of the causative agents of anthrax, tuberculosis and cholera |
Paul Ehrlich | 1908 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Justification of Immunology |
Albrecht Kossel | 1910 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "In recognition of his contribution to the knowledge of cell chemistry through his work on proteins, including core substances" |
Otto F. Meyerhof | 1922 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the metabolism in muscles |
Otto Warburg | 1931 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on respiratory ferment |
Hans Spemann | 1935 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discovery of the organizer effect |
Otto Loewi | 1936 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "For [...] discoveries in the chemical transmission of nerve impulses" |
Gerhard Domagk | 1939 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discovery of the antibacterial effect of the sulfonamide Prontosil |
Ernst Boris Chain * | 1945 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discovery of penicillin |
Hans Adolf Krebs * | 1953 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discovery of the citric acid cycle |
Werner Forßmann | 1956 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "For [...] discoveries about cardiac catheterization and the pathological changes in the circulatory system" |
Feodor Lynen | 1964 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism |
Konrad Bloch * | 1964 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism |
Max Delbrück * | 1969 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Establishment of modern molecular biology and genetics |
Bernard Katz * | 1970 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Work on the quantized form of synaptic information transfer |
Karl von Frisch * | 1973 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "Discoveries for the organization and triggering of individual and social behavioral patterns" |
Georges JF Koehler | 1984 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the immune system and monoclonal antibodies |
Erwin Neher | 1991 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Discoveries about the function of individual ion channels in cells |
Bert Sakmann | 1991 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "For [the] development of a method for the direct detection of ion channels in cell membranes to research the signal transmission within the cell and between the cells" |
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard | 1995 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the genetic control of early embryonic development |
Günter Blobel * | 1999 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | "For the discovery of the signals built into proteins that control their transport and localization in the cell" |
Harald zur Hausen | 2008 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the human papillomavirus |
Thomas Südhof * | 2013 | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Research on the transport system of cells |
Reinhard Rare | 1994 | Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics | Research on game theory |
See also
literature
- Krzysztof Ruchniewicz , Marek Zybura (Ed.): The highest honor that can be bestowed on a writer. German-speaking Nobel Prize Winner for Literature . Neisse-Verlag, Dresden 2007, ISBN 978-3-940310-01-9 .
Web links
Commons : German Nobel Prize Winners - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
- Bernhard Fritscher, Nobel Prize Winner, in: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
- Nobel Prize Committee database
Individual evidence
- ^ Formal: The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel , donated in 1968 by the Swedish Reichsbank in memory of Alfred Nobel. For background, see the link Nobelprize.org on the subject