List of avalanches and landslides, landslides

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The list of avalanches and landslides, landslides describes a selection of historical and contemporary snow , rock, mudslides, landslides and landslide events and the like.

list

date Victim place description swell
prehistoric unknown near Villach , Austria (first) landslide from Dobratsch (Red wall), 0.9 cubic kilometers debris form the "bulk" in the Gailtal from
rather before the Flims rockslide, 7500 +/- 1000 BC Chr. unknown Tamins , Switzerland Tamins rockslide , damming the Rhine, smaller than the Flims rockslide, nearby
7500 BC Chr. unknown Flims , Switzerland Flims landslide , with a volume of 9–12 km³, the largest alpine landslide event, dams the Rhine to this day
1550 BC Chr. (+/- 150 years) unknown Eibsee , Germany The Eibsee landslide with an area of ​​13 km² and a volume of 350 million m³ (= 0.35 km³) hits the central and eastern part of the lake. The estimated energy release during this landslide event with an average fall height of 1400 m corresponds to approx. 2.9 megatons of TNT (approx. 220 Hiroshima bombs ).
0218 BC Chr. approx. 18,000 dead Alps Hannibal , a general from Carthage , loses a large part of his army due to several large avalanches
0563 AD approx. 2,000 dead Rhone, above Lake Geneva Tauredunum event : the Rhone river breaks through a rock dam formed by a rock fall. - landslide in the lake with tsunami.
January 25, 1348 5,000 dead west of Villach , Austria (second) landslide with avalanches from Dobratsch after an earthquake in Friuli. 0.15 km³ hits unpopulated area of ​​the prehistoric landslide from the same place, 3 villages have to be abandoned because of the damming of the Gail .
September 30, 1513 several hundred dead Biasca , Canton Ticino Switzerland the Brenno , dammed into a lake by debris , empties after the dam is broken
1584 about 100 dead Yvorne , near Lake Geneva Tremors destabilize a wall above Yvorne and trigger a rock fall; Mini tsunami in Lake Geneva
September 18, 1601 Lake Lucerne Earthquake triggers a 4 m high giant wave on Lake Lucerne
0September 4, 1618 2,427 dead Piuro , Italy Destruction of 2 villages by landslide
July 16, 1669 230 dead Mönchsberg , Salzburg , Austria a rock fall destroys the buildings on the mountain
Winter 1689 more than 300 dead near Saas im Prättigau , Switzerland several avalanches in the Alps
04th December 1690 Villach , Austria entire villages are covered by avalanches of debris that occurred after an earthquake
0September 2, 1806 457 dead Goldau , Schwyz , Switzerland Goldau landslide ; At the summit of the Rossberg a mass of rock loosens, 30–40 million m 3 of rock falls from the southern slope into the valley and destroys 4 villages, devastating wave in the Lauerzersee
September 11, 1881 114 dead Elm , Switzerland Landslide of Elm ; a mountain that has been weakened from the inside breaks down, the avalanche devastates the village
February 15, 1888 5 dead, 1 injured Wassen in the canton of Uri in Switzerland several avalanches bury workers while repairing avalanche damage on the railway line
September 19, 1889 over 40 dead Quebec Province , Canada Rock fall from Cap Diamant
April 29, 1903 more than 70 dead Frank , Canada a landslide in Frank completely destroys the place
0March 1, 1910 119 dead Wellington , Washington (State) , USA an avalanche hit a passenger train
from 1915 to 1918 approx. 40,000 dead entire alpine region First World War , artillery bombardment triggers many serious avalanches
December 16, 1920 200,000 dead Gansu Province , People's Republic of China an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.5 triggered several landslides
April 10, 1939 18 dead Village of Fidaz in the municipality of Flims in the canton of Graubünden , Switzerland Weathering blasting of the south face of the Flimserstein
1939-1945 approx. 40,000–80,000 dead Kitzbühel Alps World War II , artillery fire triggers many serious avalanches
1949 12,000 dead Khait , Tajikistan an earthquake triggers 2 landslides
15-22 January 1951 280 dead Alpine region of Austria, Switzerland, Northern Italy Avalanche winter 1951 : violent snowstorms and sharp drops in temperature cause many severe avalanches in the entire Alpine region
08-12 January 1954 200 dead Blons , Austria several avalanches
January 10, 1962 4,000 dead Nevado Huascaran , Peru several avalanches
03rd October 1963 1,900 dead Longarone , Italy a landslide causes the reservoir above the Vajont valley to overflow its banks and floods the valley
June 16, 1964 28 dead Niigita , Honshu Island , Japan an earthquake near the Shhinano River liquefies the subsoil beneath the city of Niigita, buildings sink or tip over, water leaks from the ground
August 30, 1965 88 dead Mattmark , Switzerland large parts of a glacier slope fall onto a construction site on a dam
October 21, 1966 144 dead Aberfan in South Wales, UK see Aberfan disaster
May 31, 1970 12,000-20,000 dead Yungay , Peru A severe earthquake breaks off parts of the north face of the Nevado Huascarán mountain , and the avalanches bury the place under them
April 16, 1974 over 200 dead Huncaelia Province , Peru Landslide due to prolonged rainfall
Early March 1979 over 200 dead Lahaul Valley, India several up to 60 meter high snow avalanches
October 1981 240 dead Province of Sichuan , People's Republic of China several landslides
July 28, 1987 27 dead, 26 missing Morignone , Italy Departure of a debris avalanche that buried the place
23/24 June 1988 approx. 300 dead Katak , Turkey Katak is buried in mud and rubble
09/10 February 1991 18 dead entire alpine region severe snow avalanches in the mountains
0March 8, 1991 7 dead Valais , Switzerland Snow avalanche on the northern slope of St. Bernhard (pass)
0August 7, 1996 87 dead Campsite Virgen de las Nieves near Biescas , Spain Mudslide due to heavy rains flooded the entire campsite
05th - 24th February 1999 36 dead, approx. 48 injured Alpine region from the French high Alps via Switzerland to Tyrol Avalanche winter 1999 , see also snow avalanche in the Paznaun Valley
December 1999 at least 10,000-30,000 dead Vargas State , Venezuela Landslides as a result of heavy rainfall (911 mm of rainfall in a few days)
October 14, 2000 13 dead Gondo , Switzerland Departure of a mudflow
December 2011 ? from Piz Cengalo to Val Bondasca , Switzerland Rock fall (subsequently in 2012: Mure to near the valley town of Bondo GR )
0July 5, 2012, around 7 p.m. 0 from the Koschutamassiv , Zell-Pfarre , Carinthia , Austria Rock fall - observed, 1500 m 2 demolition area, several thousand cubic meters of rock
0May 2, 2014 350–2100 dead Badakhshan , Afghanistan a landslide or a mudslide spilled the village of Ab-e-Barik after heavy rainfall
November 2014 2 dead, 4 injured Davesco-Soragno , Ticino, Switzerland Rockslide
November 21, 2015 at least 115 dead Hpakant , Burma Landslide on an artificial mountain with the excavation of a jade mine
19th June 2016 31 dead Java , Indonesia Heavy rains cause a mudslide
18th January 2017 29 dead, 6 injured Avalanche accident in Farindola , Pescara Province , Italy avalanche
March 31, 2017 283 dead, 400 missing Mocao , Colombia Mudslide after heavy rains
June 24, 2017 ? Xinmo , China landslide
August 14, 2017 Over 400 dead, hundreds missing, 3000 homeless Regent not far from Freetown , Sierra Leone Landslide, flood
23rd August 2017 8 missing persons, search on 25.8. set from Piz Cengalo , Mure of Bondasca to Bondo GR , Switzerland Rock fall - filmed, 3 million m 3 , detected as a magnitude 3 earthquake; Debris flow in the place; Follow-up on August 25th
19./20. October 2017 No people affected from the Kleiner Wiesbachhorn , Fusch , Salzburg Rock fall, 0.15 million m 3 on the Sandbodenkees glacier
November 2019 41 dead higher-lying, simple neighborhoods, especially in the Lemba district of Kinshasa , DR Congo Landslides after rains
December 13, 2019 at least 30 dead Gold mine, DR Congo Landslide after rains
02nd July 2020 at least 174 dead Hpakant , Myanmar Hpakant mine disaster : landslide at a jade mine caused by heavy rain during the monsoon season

Language rule of geologists:

  • Rockfall - small amounts
  • Rock fall - larger amounts
  • Rockslide - from 1 million m 3 of rock

To illustrate the volumes:

See also

Web links

In particular:

literature

  • Gerald Deckhart, Gesine Froese u. a .: Disasters that shook the world, Verlag Das Beste, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3 87070 394 6 .
  • Kai Hövelmann: The book of 1000 catastrophes, Loewe Verlag, Bindlach 1997, ISBN 3-7855-3123-0 , p. 34 f., 135-143.
  • Sabine Kurz, Karen M. u. a. Natural disasters The most devastating accidents of the 20th century Publisher: Tosa 1999 ISBN 3-85001-953-5 pp. 48,49

Web links

Commons : Landslides  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Soil Liquefaction  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files
Commons : Avalanches  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Mudslides  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Rockfall  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Presentation of the landslide on the Eibsee , website of the environmental geologist Hubert Engelbrecht, accessed on November 25, 2013
  2. ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 37: 15/51: 35.
  3. ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 10/51: 35.
  4. ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 33/51: 35.
  5. ^ Tsunami and ban on dancing 1601. | Retrieved September 27, 2019
  6. ↑ a b "Almost every day" in the Alps: At least one million cubic meters of scree orf.at, August 24, 2017, accessed August 27, 2017.
  7. ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 52/51: 35.
  8. ↑ neesit: Niigita Earthquake 1964 . YouTube. April 27, 2007. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  9. ^ Rockslide in the Koschutamassiv orf.at, July 5, 2012, accessed August 27, 2017.
  10. ↑ Afghanistan landslide 'kills at least 350'. In: bbc.com . May 2, 2014, accessed on August 27, 2020.
  11. ^ Mudslide: Search in Afghanistan stopped. In: sn.at . May 4, 2020, accessed August 27, 2020.
  12. ↑ Eight missing people after a huge rock fall: search for eight people intensified. In: orf.at . August 24, 2017, accessed July 2, 2020.
  13. ↑ More bodies recovered: At least 115 dead in landslide in Burma. In: derstandard.at . November 25, 2015, accessed July 2, 2020.
  14. ↑ [1] scinexx.de, June 19, 2016, accessed September 29, 2017. No longer available November 28, 2019.
  15. ↑ Hundreds of dead after a mudslide: many fears were buried. In: orf.at . August 15, 2017, accessed July 2, 2020.
  16. ↑ Missing several people after rockslide in Bondo tagesanzeiger.ch, August 24, 2017, accessed on August 24, 2017. No longer available on November 28, 2019.
  17. ↑ dispute over responsibility, "the village has done everything" In: orf.at . August 26, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
  18. ↑ Huge rockslide near Wiesbachhorn. In: orf.at . October 27, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
  19. ↑ Storms and landslides in DR Congo: 41 dead. In: orf.at . November 26, 2019, accessed November 28, 2019.
  20. ↑ At least 30 dead in landslide in gold mine in the Congo. In: derstandard.at . December 15, 2019, accessed July 2, 2020.
  21. ↑ Dreams of Myanmar's 'unwashed' jade miners buried by disaster. In: channelnewsasia.com . July 5, 2020, accessed on July 8, 2020.