List of avalanches and landslides, landslides
The list of avalanches and landslides, landslides describes a selection of historical and contemporary snow , rock, mudslides, landslides and landslide events and the like.
list
date | Victim | place | description | swell |
---|---|---|---|---|
prehistoric | unknown | near Villach , Austria | (first) landslide from Dobratsch (Red wall), 0.9 cubic kilometers debris form the "bulk" in the Gailtal from | |
rather before the Flims rockslide, 7500 +/- 1000 BC Chr. | unknown | Tamins , Switzerland | Tamins rockslide , damming the Rhine, smaller than the Flims rockslide, nearby | |
7500 BC Chr. | unknown | Flims , Switzerland | Flims landslide , with a volume of 9–12 km³, the largest alpine landslide event, dams the Rhine to this day | |
1550 BC Chr. (+/- 150 years) | unknown | Eibsee , Germany | The Eibsee landslide with an area of 13 km² and a volume of 350 million m³ (= 0.35 km³) hits the central and eastern part of the lake. The estimated energy release during this landslide event with an average fall height of 1400 m corresponds to approx. 2.9 megatons of TNT (approx. 220 Hiroshima bombs ). | |
218 BC Chr. | approx. 18,000 dead | Alps | Hannibal , a general from Carthage , loses a large part of his army due to several large avalanches | |
563 AD | approx. 2,000 dead | Rhone, above Lake Geneva | Tauredunum event : the Rhone river breaks through a rock dam formed by a rock fall. - landslide in the lake with tsunami. | |
January 25, 1348 | 5,000 dead | west of Villach , Austria | (second) landslide with avalanches from Dobratsch after an earthquake in Friuli. 0.15 km³ hits unpopulated area of the prehistoric landslide from the same place, 3 villages have to be abandoned because of the damming of the Gail . | |
September 30, 1513 | several hundred dead | Biasca , Canton Ticino Switzerland | the Brenno , dammed into a lake by debris , empties after the dam is broken | |
1584 | about 100 dead | Yvorne , near Lake Geneva | Tremors destabilize a wall above Yvorne and trigger a rock fall; Mini tsunami in Lake Geneva | |
September 18, 1601 | Lake Lucerne | Earthquake triggers a 4 m high giant wave on Lake Lucerne | ||
September 4, 1618 | 2,427 dead | Piuro , Italy | Destruction of 2 villages by landslide | |
July 16, 1669 | 230 dead | Mönchsberg , Salzburg , Austria | a rock fall destroys the buildings on the mountain | |
Winter 1689 | more than 300 dead | near Saas im Prättigau , Switzerland | several avalanches in the Alps | |
4th December 1690 | Villach , Austria | entire villages are covered by avalanches of debris that occurred after an earthquake | ||
September 2, 1806 | 457 dead | Goldau , Schwyz , Switzerland | Goldau landslide ; At the summit of the Rossberg a mass of rock loosens, 30–40 million m 3 of rock falls from the southern slope into the valley and destroys 4 villages, devastating wave in the Lauerzersee | |
September 11, 1881 | 114 dead | Elm , Switzerland | Landslide of Elm ; a mountain that has been weakened from the inside breaks down, the avalanche devastates the village | |
February 15, 1888 | 5 dead, 1 injured | Wassen in the canton of Uri in Switzerland | several avalanches bury workers while repairing avalanche damage on the railway line | |
September 19, 1889 | over 40 dead | Quebec Province , Canada | Rock fall from Cap Diamant | |
April 29, 1903 | more than 70 dead | Frank , Canada | a landslide in Frank completely destroys the place | |
March 1, 1910 | 119 dead | Wellington , Washington (State) , USA | an avalanche hit a passenger train | |
from 1915 to 1918 | approx. 40,000 dead | entire alpine region | First World War , artillery bombardment triggers many serious avalanches | |
December 16, 1920 | 200,000 dead | Gansu Province , People's Republic of China | an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.5 triggered several landslides | |
April 10, 1939 | 18 dead | Village of Fidaz in the municipality of Flims in the canton of Graubünden , Switzerland | Weathering blasting of the south face of the Flimserstein | |
1939-1945 | approx. 40,000–80,000 dead | Kitzbühel Alps | World War II , artillery fire triggers many serious avalanches | |
1949 | 12,000 dead | Khait , Tajikistan | an earthquake triggers 2 landslides | |
15-22 January 1951 | 280 dead | Alpine region of Austria, Switzerland, Northern Italy | Avalanche winter 1951 : violent snowstorms and sharp drops in temperature cause many severe avalanches in the entire Alpine region | |
8-12 January 1954 | 200 dead | Blons , Austria | several avalanches | |
January 10, 1962 | 4,000 dead | Nevado Huascaran , Peru | several avalanches | |
3rd October 1963 | 1,900 dead | Longarone , Italy | a landslide causes the reservoir above the Vajont valley to overflow its banks and floods the valley | |
June 16, 1964 | 28 dead | Niigita , Honshu Island , Japan | an earthquake near the Shhinano River liquefies the subsoil beneath the city of Niigita, buildings sink or tip over, water leaks from the ground | |
August 30, 1965 | 88 dead | Mattmark , Switzerland | large parts of a glacier slope fall onto a construction site on a dam | |
October 21, 1966 | 144 dead | Aberfan in South Wales, UK | see Aberfan disaster | |
May 31, 1970 | 12,000-20,000 dead | Yungay , Peru | A severe earthquake breaks off parts of the north face of the Nevado Huascarán mountain , and the avalanches bury the place under them | |
April 16, 1974 | over 200 dead | Huncaelia Province , Peru | Landslide due to prolonged rainfall | |
Early March 1979 | over 200 dead | Lahaul Valley, India | several up to 60 meter high snow avalanches | |
October 1981 | 240 dead | Province of Sichuan , People's Republic of China | several landslides | |
July 28, 1987 | 27 dead, 26 missing | Morignone , Italy | Departure of a debris avalanche that buried the place | |
23/24 June 1988 | approx. 300 dead | Katak , Turkey | Katak is buried in mud and rubble | |
9/10 February 1991 | 18 dead | entire alpine region | severe snow avalanches in the mountains | |
March 8, 1991 | 7 dead | Valais , Switzerland | Snow avalanche on the northern slope of St. Bernhard (pass) | |
August 7, 1996 | 87 dead | Campsite Virgen de las Nieves near Biescas , Spain | Mudslide due to heavy rains flooded the entire campsite | |
5th - 24th February 1999 | 36 dead, approx. 48 injured | Alpine region from the French high Alps via Switzerland to Tyrol | Avalanche winter 1999 , see also snow avalanche in the Paznaun Valley | |
December 1999 | at least 10,000-30,000 dead | Vargas State , Venezuela | Landslides as a result of heavy rainfall (911 mm of rainfall in a few days) | |
October 14, 2000 | 13 dead | Gondo , Switzerland | Departure of a mudflow | |
December 2011 | ? | from Piz Cengalo to Val Bondasca , Switzerland | Rock fall (subsequently in 2012: Mure to near the valley town of Bondo GR ) | |
July 5, 2012, around 7 p.m. | 0 | from the Koschutamassiv , Zell-Pfarre , Carinthia , Austria | Rock fall - observed, 1500 m 2 demolition area, several thousand cubic meters of rock | |
May 2, 2014 | 350–2100 dead | Badakhshan , Afghanistan | a landslide or a mudslide spilled the village of Ab-e-Barik after heavy rainfall | |
November 2014 | 2 dead, 4 injured | Davesco-Soragno , Ticino, Switzerland | Rockslide | |
November 21, 2015 | at least 115 dead | Hpakant , Burma | Landslide on an artificial mountain with the excavation of a jade mine | |
19th June 2016 | 31 dead | Java , Indonesia | Heavy rains cause a mudslide | |
18th January 2017 | 29 dead, 6 injured | Avalanche accident in Farindola , Pescara Province , Italy | avalanche | |
March 31, 2017 | 283 dead, 400 missing | Mocao , Colombia | Mudslide after heavy rains | |
June 24, 2017 | ? | Xinmo , China | landslide | |
August 14, 2017 | Over 400 dead, hundreds missing, 3000 homeless | Regent not far from Freetown , Sierra Leone | Landslide, flood | |
23rd August 2017 | 8 missing persons, search on 25.8. set | from Piz Cengalo , Mure of Bondasca to Bondo GR , Switzerland | Rock fall - filmed, 3 million m 3 , detected as a magnitude 3 earthquake; Debris flow in the place; Follow-up on August 25th | |
19./20. October 2017 | No people affected | from the Kleiner Wiesbachhorn , Fusch , Salzburg | Rock fall, 0.15 million m 3 on the Sandbodenkees glacier | |
November 2019 | 41 dead | higher-lying, simple neighborhoods, especially in the Lemba district of Kinshasa , DR Congo | Landslides after rains | |
December 13, 2019 | at least 30 dead | Gold mine, DR Congo | Landslide after rains | |
2nd July 2020 | at least 174 dead | Hpakant , Myanmar | Hpakant mine disaster : landslide at a jade mine caused by heavy rain during the monsoon season |
Language rule of geologists:
- Rockfall - small amounts
- Rock fall - larger amounts
- Rockslide - from 1 million m 3 of rock
To illustrate the volumes:
- 100 m × 100 m × 100 m = 1 million . Cubic meter = 1/1000 km 3
- 1000 m × 1000 m × 1000 m = 1 billion . Cubic meter = 1 km 3
See also
- Landslide
- Soil liquefaction
- landslide
- Lahar
- avalanche
- Falling rocks
- List of avalanche accidents
- List of disasters
Web links
- National Platform for Natural Hazards - PLANAT - Switzerland
In particular:
literature
- Gerald Deckhart, Gesine Froese u. a .: Disasters that shook the world, Verlag Das Beste, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3 87070 394 6 .
- Kai Hövelmann: The book of 1000 catastrophes, Loewe Verlag, Bindlach 1997, ISBN 3-7855-3123-0 , p. 34 f., 135-143.
- Sabine Kurz, Karen M. u. a. Natural disasters The most devastating accidents of the 20th century Publisher: Tosa 1999 ISBN 3-85001-953-5 pp. 48,49
Web links
Commons : Landslides - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Soil Liquefaction - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files
Commons : Avalanches - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Mudslides - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Rockfall - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Individual evidence
- ↑ Presentation of the landslide on the Eibsee , website of the environmental geologist Hubert Engelbrecht, accessed on November 25, 2013
- ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 37: 15/51: 35.
- ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 10/51: 35.
- ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 33/51: 35.
- ^ Tsunami and ban on dancing 1601. | Retrieved September 27, 2019
- ↑ a b "Almost every day" in the Alps: At least one million cubic meters of scree orf.at, August 24, 2017, accessed August 27, 2017.
- ↑ Laurent Graenicher: A tsunami on Lake Geneva | Documentation | ARTE CH / F 2018. ARTEde, youtube.de, July 25, 2020, accessed August 4, 2020, available until August 31, 2020. - Video 38: 52/51: 35.
- ↑ neesit: Niigita Earthquake 1964 . YouTube. April 27, 2007. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
- ^ Rockslide in the Koschutamassiv orf.at, July 5, 2012, accessed August 27, 2017.
- ↑ Afghanistan landslide 'kills at least 350'. In: bbc.com . May 2, 2014, accessed on August 27, 2020.
- ^ Mudslide: Search in Afghanistan stopped. In: sn.at . May 4, 2020, accessed August 27, 2020.
- ↑ Eight missing people after a huge rock fall: search for eight people intensified. In: orf.at . August 24, 2017, accessed July 2, 2020.
- ↑ More bodies recovered: At least 115 dead in landslide in Burma. In: derstandard.at . November 25, 2015, accessed July 2, 2020.
- ↑ [1] scinexx.de, June 19, 2016, accessed September 29, 2017. No longer available November 28, 2019.
- ↑ Hundreds of dead after a mudslide: many fears were buried. In: orf.at . August 15, 2017, accessed July 2, 2020.
- ↑ Missing several people after rockslide in Bondo tagesanzeiger.ch, August 24, 2017, accessed on August 24, 2017. No longer available on November 28, 2019.
- ↑ dispute over responsibility, "the village has done everything" In: orf.at . August 26, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
- ↑ Huge rockslide near Wiesbachhorn. In: orf.at . October 27, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
- ↑ Storms and landslides in DR Congo: 41 dead. In: orf.at . November 26, 2019, accessed November 28, 2019.
- ↑ At least 30 dead in landslide in gold mine in the Congo. In: derstandard.at . December 15, 2019, accessed July 2, 2020.
- ↑ Dreams of Myanmar's 'unwashed' jade miners buried by disaster. In: channelnewsasia.com . July 5, 2020, accessed on July 8, 2020.