Lizonne

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Lizonne
Nizonne
The river at Rochebeaucourt-et-Argentine

The river at Rochebeaucourt-et-Argentine

Data
Water code FR :  P72-0400
location France , Nouvelle-Aquitaine region
River system Dordogne
Drain over Dronne  → Isle  → Dordogne  → Atlantic Ocean
source in the municipality of Sceau-Saint-Angel
45 ° 29 ′ 1 ″  N , 0 ° 40 ′ 9 ″  E
Source height approx.  200  m
muzzle near Le Pontet , on the municipal boundary of Allemans and Saint-Séverin in the Dronne Coordinates: 45 ° 17 ′ 23 ″  N , 0 ° 15 ′ 9 ″  E 45 ° 17 ′ 23 ″  N , 0 ° 15 ′ 9 ″  E
Mouth height approx.  48  m
Height difference approx. 152 m
Bottom slope approx. 2.5 ‰
length approx. 60 km
Catchment area 640 km²
Outflow at the Saint-Séverin gauge (Charente) MQ
 5.28dep1
Left tributaries Belle , Pude , Sauvanie
Right tributaries Manore , Voultron
The dammed Nizonne near Lavergne, municipality of Saint-Sulpice-de-Mareuil

The dammed Nizonne near Lavergne , municipality of Saint-Sulpice-de-Mareuil

The Lizonne (called in the upper reaches to Édon Nizonne ), Occitan Lisona or Nisona , is a river in France that runs in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region .

etymology

The name Lisonne is derived from the root Leiz or Lez , Basque Leize (torrent), and the ending onna .

Communities on the river

In the Dordogne department :

In the Charente department :

course

The Lizonne rises at an altitude of 200 meters in the Périgord-Limousin Regional Nature Park , near the hamlet of Morelière in the municipality of Sceau-Saint-Angel . Initially it drains in a westerly direction and after about 20 kilometers takes in the Belle as a left tributary . It then turns to the southeast and maintains this direction for 14 kilometers. From Gurat it then flows a further 26 kilometers in a southerly direction and flows into the Dronne as a right tributary after a total of around 60 kilometers at a height of 48 meters at the town of Le Pontet on the municipal boundary of Allemans and Saint-Séverin . On its way, the Lizonne crosses the Dordogne department and also touches the Charente department on its last 20 kilometers .

geology

The course of the Lizonne takes place entirely in flat sedimentary rocks of the northern Aquitaine Basin . The source of the Lizonne is located in the lime limestone of the Ligériens ( Unterturon ). The river follows this formation to Champeau, where it crosses into the stratigraphically higher Angoumien . Before Combiers, it then encounters Coniacium , followed by Late Pleistocene Colluvium , which emerged from sands of the Santonian . Shortly before La Rochebeaucourt , the Lizonne crosses the fault of the Mareuil anticline and is thrown back into the stratigraphically deeper Turonium. Other minor disruptions follow, but without any significant offsets at Argentine . At Nadaillac, the Lizonne then flows through Coniacium again. In the further course the river cuts through typical chalk layers of the Santonium and finally from Gurat also the Campanium (up to the mouth).

Hydrology

The Lizonne has a gradient of 2.51 m / km. Its catchment area is 640 square kilometers. It has an average discharge rate of 5.28 m³ / s (Saint-Séverin measuring station). In Saint-Séverin, a maximum discharge rate of 55.9 m³ / s was measured on March 4, 2007 (daily average). This value was exceeded on November 10, 2000 by a current peak value of 63.2 m³.

ecology

According to Natura 2000 , the valley of the Nizonne is designated as an important nature reserve, which has the following threatened animal species: Mink Mustela lutreola , jackdaw crab Austropotamobius pallipes , the carp taxa Rhodeus sericeus amarus and Chondrostoma toxostoma as well as the river valley meadow bird Coenonympha oedippus . There are also two type 1 ecotopes ( French ZNIEFF - zone naturelle d'interêt écologique, faunistique et floristique):

  • in the Nizonn valley with a total of 2649 hectares
  • in the peat bogs of the Lizonne near Vendoire .

history

Traces of human settlement in the Lizonn Valley go back to the Upper Paleolithic (finds from the Moustérien and Solutréen in the municipality of Édon near Gavechou , La Cassine and Le Moulin de Ménieux , as well as from the outgoing Magdalenian near Les Fieux , municipality of La Rochebeaucourt-et-Argentine). Several hill settlements on the right side of the valley date from the Mesolithic (in the municipality of Combiers near La Serve , Le Chalard and Les Bernouilles , as well as in the municipality of Édon near La Gonterie and La Verrerie ). Open settlement sites from the late Neolithic were discovered in the commune of Champagne-et-Fontaine ( Moulin du Vivier , Puy de Versac ). Remains from the Bronze Age culture of Artenac come from the municipality of Vendoire ( Moulin de Mondot ). At the latter site there are also the remains of a Gallo-Roman villa and possibly a Roman road .

In the Middle Ages around the year 1000 the still existing village communities with their first administrative structures emerged. Numerous Romanesque churches line the course of the Lizonne. Several fortifications ( Puyrateau near Gurat, Villebois-Lavalette , Castle of Argentine) and fortifications built on hills ( Grésignac in the municipality of La Chapelle-Grésignac , Haute Fayette in the municipality of Édon) date from the same period .

The Lizonne was once the border river between the Gallic tribes of the Santonen in the northwest and the Petrocorians in the southeast. The language border between the Langue d'oïl in the northwest and the Langue d'oc in the southeast (French / Occitan) was later established along its course .

Landmarks on the river

Web links

Commons : Lizonne  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b geoportail.fr (1: 16,000)
  2. ↑ a b The information on the length of the river is based on the information on the Lizonne from SANDRE (French), accessed on February 8, 2010, rounded to full kilometers.
  3. ↑ a b hydro.eaufrance.fr (station: P8284010 , option: Synthèse )

literature

  • Floc'h, J.-P .: Feuille Nontron . In: Carte géologique de la France at 1/50 000 . BRGM.