Mürsbach

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Mürsbach
market Rattelsdorf
Coordinates: 50 ° 3 ′ 40 ″  N , 10 ° 51 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 252  (250-269)  m
Residents : 470  (2018)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 96179
Area code : 09533

Mürsbach Pano-20200313-RM-162813.jpg

Mürsbach is a district of the market Rattelsdorf in the district of Bamberg , Upper Franconia with almost 500 inhabitants. The community, which historically belongs to the Principality of Würzburg (Lower Franconia), is considered one of the most important historical ensembles of village half-timbered architecture in Franconia . In 2013 Mürsbach received a gold medal in the national competition of Our village has a future and is therefore one of the most beautiful villages in Germany.

geography

Mürsbach is located in Itzgrund in Upper Franconia, about 20 km northwest of Bamberg on the edge of the Haßberge Nature Park . The elongated ridge of the Zeilberge separates the actual Haßberge from Itzgrund. The settlement was built at the foot of the mountain range, the parish and former fortified church stands on the Kirchberg above the village.

In the Haßberg and Zeilberg mountains to the west of the village, about 100 meters in altitude, the sandstones of the Keuper mountains dominate . East of the Itz begins the hilly foreland of the Franconian Jura , the landscape of which is characterized by bizarre limestone formations .

history

The village fountain with the Kirchberg

Excavations and skeletons with grave goods have been found to confirm that the area was inhabited as early as the Merovingian-Carolingian times around 800. Furthermore, there is documentary evidence that Abbess Emhild of the Milz Monastery transferred this and its affiliations to the Fulda Monastery on February 3, 800 .

The landlords were later the Würzburg monastery, the parish , those of Lichtenstein , von Rotenhan , von Giech zu Rabenstein, Schott zu Wildenhaid , von Giech zu Kröttendorf, Zollner vom Brand , von Fulbach , von Künsberg and von Aufseß .

In 1803 the Principality of Würzburg and thus Mürsbach came to the Electorate of Bavaria through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , in 1805 it came to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and in 1814 belonged again to Bavaria, which became a kingdom in 1806.

Until the regional reform , Mürsbach was a separate municipality with the towns of Helfenroth and Zaugendorf. On July 1, 1972, Mürsbach and its localities were spun off from Lower Franconia and Upper Franconia connected and moved from the disbanded district of Ebern to the district of Bamberg . On May 1, 1978 it became part of the Rattelsdorf market .

Mürsbach half-timbered ensemble

Half-timbered ensemble in the center

Despite some new buildings in the core area, Mürsbach is one of the best preserved village ensembles in Franconia. The center of the village is still predominantly characterized by partly lavishly renovated half-timbered buildings from the 16th to 19th centuries, which often show rich figurations typical of the region with fire rams and diamond crosses.

The historic town houses and farmhouses usually form closed streets and squares around the three small main squares of the community. The ensemble is complemented by the elevated parish church of St. Sebastian with the remains of its former fortifications and the late Gothic Trinity Chapel on the southern outskirts.

During a renovation around the year 2000, the last wooden intermediate roofs disappeared from the townscape. These protruding roof structures were intended to protect the facade from rain and were more common in the Ebern region until the early 20th century . A picture in the inventory of art monuments from 1916 (p. 162) documents the historical original state of the last Mürsbach example that had been preserved up to the aforementioned renovation.

The proclamation hall built in 1713/14 under the Kirchberg is considered a unique legal historical monument. The tent roof of the open pavilion is supported by eight stone pillars. At community meetings, the councilors once occupied the six stone seats inside.

A similar pavilion above the proclamation hall protects the village fountain from the 18th century. Here, however, only six stone pillars support the tent roof. Next door, a baroque statue of Immaculata (marked “1764”) enriches the townscape.

Since the original cadastral survey of 1850, the village has only grown a little beyond its historical limits and also mostly only little built-up on the outskirts.

  • Half-timbered property with the tower of the parish church of St. Sebastian

  • Renovated half-timbered house on the "Sutte"

  • Rich half-timbered figures of a small farmhouse

  • Half-timbered facade after the removal of the intermediate roofs typical of the region

Sacred buildings

Parish Church of St. Sebastian

The medieval choir of the parish church of St. Sebastian

The parish church of St. Sebastian, which was only mentioned in the middle of the 15th century - but it can be assumed that it already existed in the 12th century - has a sacrament niche from the 15th century. The choir and the keep-like tower have also survived from this period . Both components were increased in 1613 under Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn . At the same time a new nave was built in the typical, Gothic style, so-called real style. The pointed, eight-sided slate helmet of the tower with its four small corner turrets reinforces the overall medieval impression. The Mount of Olives attached to the choir dates from the early 16th century.

The furnishings are from the Renaissance and Baroque periods . The high altar is an imposing, four-column baroque structure from 1692/93. The side altars were built in 1696.

Particularly noteworthy are the preserved grave monuments. Some panels were placed outdoors during the last restoration and are in danger of slow deterioration. The most important epitaphs of the house of God remained in the church. The memorial stones remember the Lords of Fulbach , who sat at the nearby Gleusdorf Castle . The two stones of Wolfgang († 1546) and Kunigunde († 1548) von Fulbach are interesting in terms of costume history. The knight stands on a lion in Renaissance armor, his wife is shown in elegant period costume.

Around 1900 the church received an interior design in Art Nouveau style , which was removed again under Pastor Barthel except for the ceiling painting (Pius Alexander Messerschmitt).

Trinity Chapel

  • The late Gothic Trinity Chapel on the south-eastern outskirts

  • The baroque outer altar next to the south portal

The Trinity Chapel on the outskirts is an unplastered sandstone block building in late Gothic forms. The year 1516 can be seen above the main portal in the west.

A retracted (narrower) choir with four strong buttresses that have been separated from each other was added to the square nave . Otherwise only the two-part, partially renewed pointed arch windows and two portals structure the exterior.

The richly profiled keel arch of the west portal forks above the entrance, the bars cross at the apex. A weathered relief bust is embedded above the year “1516”.

In addition to the simpler south portal, a baroque exterior altar from around 1716/17 has been preserved. The stone structure is attributed to the Bamberg sculptor Johann Sebastian Degler .

The same master created the effective high altar (1699) around the altar sheet Holy Trinity Georg Sebastian Urlaubs (attribution). The winding columns of the altar are flanked by statues of Saints George and Michael.

The two side altars were created at the same time as the high altar. The north altar contains an altar sheet depicting the Assumption of Mary, its southern counterpart a wooden figure of St. George.

Fortified church

  • The preserved corner tower of the fortification on the Kirchberg

  • Historical grave slabs on the former defensive wall of the Kirchberg

A fortification from the 15th century that used to surround the parish church is now only on the south-east and west side. The fortifications were built around 1430 in response to the threat posed by the Hussites . The remains of this fortified church consist of walls, a round tower from the 16th century and loopholes. Remnants of a trench can be seen in front of the wall.

Breweries

In Mürsbach there is also a brewery , the Sun Brewery . The Feiler brewery also existed until 2002.

traffic

Mürsbach had a breakpoint on the Breitengüßbach – Dietersdorf railway between October 1, 1913 and September 28, 1975 .

Sons and daughters

  • Johann Baptist Schad (1758–1834), Benedictine. A memorial was erected to him in 1991.
  • Alfons Huther (1883–1945), linguist (doctorate with Oskar Brenner) and textbook author

Mürsbach in the film

In 1939, the short documentary A day on a Franconian village street was shot in Mürsbach . An episode of the Pfarrer Braun series was also filmed in Mürsbach, among others.

literature

Web links

Commons : Mürsbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the districts of Rattelsdorf
  2. ^ Report of the online newspaper "Nachrichten am Ort" on the award
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 673 .
  4. ↑ A day on a Franconian village street