Hohe Mark Nature Park
|
Hohe Mark Nature Park
|
||
 |
||
| location | North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| surface | 1978 km² | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 44 ' N , 6 ° 55' E | |
|
||
| Setup date | 1963 | |
The Hohe Mark Nature Park was founded in 1963 and, with an area of 1978 square kilometers, is one of the largest nature parks in North Rhine-Westphalia .
geography
location
The Hohe Mark nature park extends from Bocholt and Wesel in the west to Datteln and Lüdinghausen in the east, from Bottrop and Oberhausen in the south to Gescher in the north. It covers parts of the Lower Rhine , the south-western Münsterland and the northern Ruhr area . In the area of the cities of Isselburg, Bocholt and Rhede, the nature park borders on the Netherlands. The following cities and communities are partly within the Hohe Mark Nature Park: Borken , Bottrop , Coesfeld , Datteln , Dinslaken , Dorsten , Dülmen , Gescher , Hamminkeln , Lüdinghausen , Marl , Nottuln , Oberhausen , Oer-Erkenschwick , Olfen , Velen and Wesel .
The cities and communities Bocholt , Haltern am See , Heiden , Hünxe , Isselburg , Raesfeld , Reken , Rhede and Schermbeck are completely or almost completely in the nature park .
landscape
The nature park is characterized by a surprising variety of landscapes . In the northeast, the park landscape of the Münsterland dominates with its diverse mixture of meadows , pastures , fields , moors and isolated pieces of forest , to the south the so-called forest landscape of the nature park connects to it - a furrowed area with the forest mountains Hohe Mark (core of the nature park with the Partial mountain ranges Rekener Berge and Die Berge ), Haard and the Borkenberge , which are also summarized under the name Halterner Berge . The largest forest areas in the Lower Rhine part of the nature park are the Dämmer Wald , the Üfter Mark , the Diersfordter Wald and the Gartroper Busch - Hünxer Wald - Kirchheller Heide forest .
The lowlands of the Lippe and the Haltern Mühlenbach , extended by the Haltern Reservoir and the mouth of the Stever , the so-called water landscape of the nature park.
The industrial history of the Ruhr area shapes the southern tip of the nature park. Human activities such as mining or sand and clay extraction are constantly changing the subsequent landscape in the nature park.
The Lippe connects the eastern part, which naturally belongs to the Westphalian Bay , with the Lower Rhine lowlands in the west. Here the terrain descends with locally remarkable differences in altitude into the river plains of the Lippe and Issel .
The highest mountain in the Haltern Mountains is 156.9 m above sea level. NHN the Stimberg in the Haard. Culturally known and the landmark of Heiden is the megalithic grave De Düwelsteene on the southern roof of the Reken mountains and the natural monument Femeiche in Erle .
The rivers Bocholter Aa , Issel, Lippe and Stever flow through the nature park. The Wesel-Datteln Canal runs parallel to the Lippe .
The largest lakes in the nature park are the Halterner Stausee, Heidesee , Heidhofsee , Hullerner Stausee , Schwarzes Wasser and the Torfvennteich . This is also where the first Westphalian cormorant colony is located in the Heubach lowlands near Dülmen and the gray heron colony on the Overrath island in the Haltern reservoir.
The white fens near Haltern and the black fens near Heiden, some of which have been peeled off, now serve partly as military training areas and nature reserves.
The Dülmen wild horses , one of the last so-called wild horse herds in Central Europe , live in the Merfelder Bruch , a moist forest and meadow area west of Dülmen .
traffic
In the nature park there are numerous bike and riding trails as well as a more than 3,000 km long network of hiking trails. In addition, one of the largest Nordic walking parks in North Rhine-Westphalia leads through the Hohe Mark.
The B 58 runs from Lüdinghausen via Haltern am See to Wesel in an east-west direction . Some railway lines run in north-south direction and, from west to east, the A 3 , A 31 , and A 43 federal motorways .
The nature park is currently being expanded to include a quality hiking route, the Hohe-Mark-Steig . It will run between Wesel am Rhein and Olfen an der Lippe and have a length of 158 km. The idea for the hiking trail came from a team made up of representatives from the Sauerland Mountain Association (SGV), the Haard-Trapper Wanderfreunde Datteln 1986 e. V. and the Hohe Mark Tourismus e. V. elaborated. The infrastructure of the hiking trail, which is to be certified as a quality hiking trail by the German Hiking Association, will be built by the Ruhr Regional Association by mid-2020. Marketing takes place through the Hohe Mark Nature Park.
geology
Diagenetically solidified medium-grain quartz sands from the Cretaceous period, also known as "Halterner Sands", build up the entire hilly region of the Hohe Mark. On the Stimberg in the Haard and on the sacrificial stone in the Borkenberg there are rock banks made of sandstone cemented by a mixture of silica and colored iron compounds. This creates what is known as rind sandstone , which can be very hard depending on the degree of cementation . This sandstone can also be found as building material in the area (e.g. at the parish church of Recklinghausen ).
In addition, on the side facing the sun, this material shows the phenomenon of desert varnish , which is actually only found in the great deserts of the earth. The porosity of the rind sandstone absorbs rainwater very easily. When exposed to sunlight, the water evaporates again, leaving the previously dissolved iron compounds on the surface of the material as a black layer.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Hohe-Mark-Steig , information on the tourism page
literature
- Hohe Mark Nature Park: Side jumps into the countryside, image brochure , access: https://naturpark-hohe-mark.de/de/service/broschuereninfomaterial/imagebroschuere/
- Oelmann, Sonderkamp: On crooked tours between Datteln and Wesel - The hiking guide Hohe Mark Nature Park , Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3837503203 .
- Oelmann, Sonderkamp: On crooked tours through the Mark - Der Hohe-Mark-Führer , Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2009, ISBN 978-3837501186 .
- Oelmann, Sonderkamp: On crooked tours through the Haard - Der Haard-Führer , Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN 978-3898619967 .
- Sascha Grosser: Giant trees in the Hohe Mark Westmünsterland Nature Park - A documentation , self-published, Olfen 2018.
- Bicycle map: Hohe Mark-Westmünsterland Nature Park. Kompass-Verlag, ISBN 978-3990444825 .
- Bicycle map: Hohe Mark-Westmünsterland Nature Park. Kompass-Verlag, ISBN 978-3850262934 .
Web links
- Hohe Mark Nature Park (official homepage), at www.naturpark-hohe-mark.de
- Nordic Walking Park Hohe Mark , at muensterland-tourismus.de
- 11 x unique = holiday region in the Hohe Mark nature park , on tourismus-hohemark.de