Berlin-Neu-Hohenschönhausen
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Neu-Hohenschönhausen district of Berlin |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 33 '48 " N , 13 ° 30' 18" E |
| surface | 5.16 km² |
| Residents | 56,918 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 11,031 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Oct. 1, 1920 |
| Postcodes | 13051, 13053, 13057, 13059 |
| District number | 1109 |
| Administrative district | Lichtenberg |
Neu-Hohenschönhausen is a district of Berlin in the Lichtenberg district . It encloses the new development area Hohenschönhausen-Nord and gave its name to the former Hohenschönhausen district . The district was created in 2002 from areas of the districts Malchow , Wartenberg and Falkenberg . In mid-2016, over 55,000 people lived in Neu-Hohenschönhausen, making the district the most populous in the district.
location
Neu-Hohenschönhausen is located in northeast Berlin on the Barnim plateau . The district is largely identical to the new development area Hohenschönhausen-Nord. In the north it borders on the districts of Malchow, Wartenberg and Falkenberg, in the east on Marzahn ( district of Marzahn-Hellersdorf ), in the south on Alt-Hohenschönhausen and in the west on the districts of Weißensee and the suburbs of Malchow (both district of Pankow ).
As early as the 19th century there was also a settlement called Neu Hohenschönhausen west of the old village of Hohenschönhausen in the area of today's Sportforum . The name was used for this district until at least the 1960s. Nowadays this area is no longer referred to by this term.
history
Development and establishment
In the 1970s, new development areas of Hohenschönhausen I and Hohenschönhausen II for a total of 25,000 inhabitants were built around the old village center of Hohenschönhausen and north of Leninallee (since 1992: Landsberger Allee ). Because the population grew rapidly, however, the development of the future new development area Hohenschönhausen-Nord began in 1981. In 1982 the infrastructure with the necessary roads was first established and given names, from 1984 mainly public transport opened up the area, usually by trams and the S-Bahn . In the same year the symbolic done groundbreaking ceremony by the GDR - Council of State Erich Honecker .
The new development area is divided into four quarters by Falkenberger Chaussee and the Berlin outer ring . These quarters initially belonged to the districts of Malchow, Wartenberg and Falkenberg, whereby the streets and apartment blocks were not bound to the course of these borders. The development led next to Berlin companies including those from the districts of Rostock , Schwerin , Neubrandenburg and Frankfurt (Oder) with the delivered from there finished products made. This is clearly recognizable by the different construction methods of the prefabricated buildings and the names of the streets. Three of the four quarters were given names after localities from the districts of origin of the construction companies.
Independent district
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In January 1985, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED decided to form the independent Hohenschönhausen district on September 1 of the same year. These included the eponymous district as well as Falkenberg, Wartenberg and about half of Malchow. The western half remained with the district of Weißensee , which after the formation of the then new district on January 1, 1986 received the Pankow districts of Karow , Heinersdorf and Blankenburg . The new city district had around 67,000 residents on the first day, and by 1989 the number of inhabitants rose to 118,000, which corresponded to around 9.2 percent of the total population of East Berlin . Young families in particular received the coveted new apartments. The first years were characterized by numerous construction sites, the district was only in the process of being built. In order to not only live in "bare concrete", there were specifications for artistic design such as fountains or sculptures as well as several citizens' initiatives to beautify their district, campaigns such as the golden house number for beautifying the house entrances and front gardens is just one of them. The construction of the settlement was officially finished on October 5, 1989.
In the new residential areas there were also production facilities within the new district. In addition to the newly built bus depot in Indira-Gandhi-Straße , VEB Chemiehandel Berlin and VEB Signal- und Sicherheitstechnik , among others, have settled here . Already located in the Marzahn area, but often confused, the Falkenberg sewage treatment plant was also built between 1963 and 1968 .
Turnaround and a new political beginning
In Hohenschönhausen, the majority voted for the candidates of the National Front in the local elections in 1989 . However, the growing dissatisfaction of the citizens led to growing criticism of the political system and the SED in this district as well . Shortly after Erich Honecker resigned from his office in October 1989, the first round table discussions took place with the local administrations in order to calm down the dissatisfied citizens. After the fall of the Berlin Wall , however, these structures dissolved again. As a politically newly founded party, Die Linke received a majority in the elections for the District Assembly (BVV) for years (as of 2015).
The turning point led to a gradual decline in the population: in the mid-1990s it was just under 115,000, and around 110,000 at the turn of the millennium. The majority of the population lived in the area of the later district of Neu-Hohenschönhausen. This was formed after the merging of the district with the Lichtenberg district from parts of the previously existing Malchow, Wartenberg and Falkenberg districts (they were spun off) and only includes the area of the large settlement Hohenschönhausen Nord.
Subdivision of the local areas
Basics
Neu-Hohenschönhausen completely surrounds the new development area known as Hohenschönhausen . This is divided into four quarters by the Falkenberger Chaussee and the Berlin outer ring , the Mühlengrund, the quarter on Zingster and Vincent-van-Gogh-Strasse and the Krummen Pfuhl. Since the individual new building areas initially belonged to the formerly independent villages and today's districts of Malchow, Wartenberg and Falkenberg, these quarters will be like the new residential area around the Krummen Pfuhl as Neu-Wartenberg , the residential area on the border with the village of Falkenberg as Neu-Falkenberg and the Baltic Sea district because of the preferential allocation of street names to Baltic cities. The residential buildings were built using prefabricated panels between 1984 and 1989 and are usually six or eleven storeys high.
Mühlengrund development area - field names quarter
The new development area Mühlengrund is the first of the four new development areas of the later Neu-Hohenschönhausen that has been realized. It is located in the southeast of Neu-Hohenschönhausen. The name Mühlengrund refers to an allotment garden southwest of the new development area. This in turn has its from a former earth Dutchman who previously existed nearby .
The street names around the Mühlengrund with names such as “Maten”, “Röttken” or “Rotkamp” go back to old districts on the Wartenberger or Malchower Flur.
The district was built from 1982 to 1987, first the definition of the streets began, in 1984 the extension of the tram from Gehrenseestrasse to Zingster Strasse followed and shortly afterwards the actual construction of the apartments. These are six or eleven-story buildings, the latter with an elevator. Some of the apartments could only be occupied two to three years after their completion, as the groundwater level rose and the cellars flooded in between.
The center of the quarter is an unnamed square, but it is unofficially named "Am Mühlengrund" to emphasize the agricultural tradition and the historical proximity of this residential area to a former Dutch mill . The ensemble of the square is formed from a previous HO-department store and commercial new buildings in 1997 as Mühlengrund Center the former service complex with youth club Rotkamp , cleaning, mail receiving office, flower shop and the club restaurant Mühlengrund replaced. The square itself is adorned by the mill wheel fountain, which was put back into operation at the end of 2014 after years of shutdown due to a fundamental new construction of the concrete system and restoration of the fountain art. In the course of this redevelopment measure, the owner of the Mühlengrundcenter plans to demolish all the commercial buildings located there and create 372 residential units, in which doctors' offices and restaurants as well as minimal retail are to be found. The reason for the demolition is the competitive situation of the local supply center in favor of the Linden Center , which led to large vacancies and neglect of the stock on the town square.
The first phase of renovation of the housing stock began in the mid-1990s. All houses were from the housing association New Berlin eG or HOWOGE Housing Association and the GSV Council bleach construction management and -verwaltungs GmbH continuously redeveloped; Heating systems and windows were renewed, the stairwells were modernized and the facades were clad with insulation protection - not least because of the better appearance. In 2004, some of the six-story buildings were also given external lifts.
In July 2017, HOWOGE bought the properties at Rüdickenstrasse 33 and Rotkamp 2–6 from the ELAD Group , whose construction project in the area had failed. HOWOGE finally implemented the ELAD Group's plans for the construction of three six- to eight- story residential and commercial buildings . The construction work began in spring 2018 with the demolition of the Mühlengrundcenter , which is now empty apart from a pharmacy, doctor's offices and smaller bars.
From October 2020, the first of the 173 apartments in the new building project on the 12,300 m² property should be ready for occupancy.
New development area Ostseeviertel - Zingster Strasse
- Development
The district on Zingster Straße is located in the northwest of the district. The construction of the new residential area began here on February 9, 1984 with the laying of the foundation stone by Erich Honecker on Barther Strasse. In 1988 the buildings were largely completed. The quarter is aligned along Zingster Straße, here is the tram route, a shopping arcade and the local supply center RIZ in the northern section . The streets in this quarter are named after cities and communities near the Baltic Sea in the former Rostock district, for example Ribnitz , Zingst or Ahrenshoop , from which the construction workers came to Berlin. Hence the unofficial name of this residential area is Ostseeviertel .
In the mid-1990s, after the political change , the newly founded housing companies carried out house renovations and modernizations, which were completed in 1997. The material removed in the process, especially that of the balconies, was not only taken to landfills, but also partially rebuilt as climbing rock. The Monte Balcony thus also contributes to local recreation in the area. The Niles settlement, which was built in the 1930s, extends on the north-western edge of the new development area as far as Lake Malchower . The area of the Niles settlement belonged to Malchow until 2001 .
- Prerower place
At the southern end of Zingster Straße is Prerower Platz. This is where the Linden-Center is located , a shopping center and at the same time the district center of Neu-Hohenschönhausen. The Prerower Platz and the adjacent Falkenberger Chaussee form the core of all four new building districts and serve not least as a meeting point for exchanging information.
- Dekrapfuhl
North of the tram turning loop in Zingster Strasse, the DEKRA e. V. a small biotope that has been called Dekrapfuhl ever since . Because of the persistent drought in the following years, this approx. 2000 m² large pool lost its character as a temporary small body of water and silted up. In spring 2016, the district assembly gave the green light for its restoration. In that connection a press statement: "The cesspool has especially for strictly protected species such as moor frog or toad a special meaning. The presence of dry, warm areas and the proximity to the water are the basis for their development and reproduction. Therefore, the small body of water is to be revitalized so that, like the nearby Malchower See and the Malchower Aue nature reserve, it is another valuable habitat for moisture-loving animal and plant species represents. The renovation is intended to bring water back to the pool and also create sunny sections for amphibians and reptiles. "
The sand lizard , which is strictly protected under the Federal Nature Conservation Act, also lives in the areas around the lake. In order to offer the reptile a typical habitat, the wild tree vegetation is removed here; these are not protected tree species. Work began on February 20, 2016. The removed wood will remain on site and used in the construction of the sand lizard biotopes.
Since the summer of 2016, the river bed has been deepened in accordance with the above-mentioned plans and embankments are made from the material and piles of wood on the northern embankment. These should then serve as shelter for the sand lizards.
Uckermark Quarter - Vincent-van-Gogh-Straße
The residential buildings along Vincent-van-Gogh-Straße were built to the southeast of the Hohenschönhausen S-Bahn station until 1988 . Often this area is already counted as part of Falkenberg, as the quarter belonged to the same district until 2002. The name has remained, however, so that a distinction is made between the new building area (Neu-Falkenberg) and the village center of Falkenberg.
On Vincent-van-Gogh-Straße, the catfish galleries are the central location of the quarter. The streets, named after rivers and communities in the Uckermark such as Welse , Randow or Warnitz , run off in a semicircle from Falkenberger Chaussee.
New development area Mecklenburg Quarter - Krummer Pfuhl
The new development area Krummer Pfuhl extends northwest of the Hohenschönhausen S-Bahn station to the village center of Wartenberg . It was the last of the four new districts to be completed in 1989. It is named after a calm body of water in the north of the district. It was originally planned to continue building to Malchow, but this did not materialize due to German reunification .
The district faces Falkenberger Chaussee in the south and the S-Bahn line in the west, here are mainly the shopping centers, but also the new church - called Wartenberg Church - although the church has not been in Wartenberg area for a few years lies. Due to the proximity of this residential area to the village of Wartenberg, it bears the unofficial name Neu-Wartenberg .
There is also a new residential building on Falkenberger Chaussee, which is known as lemon because of the shape and color of the building . It was built at the end of the 1990s and, in addition to the apartments, also offers space for a restaurant on the two lower floors.
population
| year | Residents |
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| 2007 | 53,969 |
| 2010 | 53,418 |
| 2015 | 54,556 |
| 2016 | 55,486 |
| 2017 | 56,137 |
| 2018 | 56,520 |
| 2019 | 56,918 |
Source: Statistical Report AI 5. Population in the State of Berlin on December 31st. Basic data. Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (respective years)
Economy and culture
In the prefabricated building districts of the 1970s and 1980s, a social center was always built according to planning specifications . There were food halls, a service cube with a post office, flower shop, hairdresser, and sometimes a youth club and a local restaurant. After 1990, many of these centers were pulled out or demolished. On the other hand, shopping opportunities arose in new large centers based on the American model, such as the Lindencenter . However, the providers who moved in here have to suffer from the fact that purchasing power in these residential areas is usually weak, so some had to give up again soon. There is a lack of companies with a large number of jobs. Worth mentioning are at least (as of spring 2019) the company Coca-Cola European Partners Deutschland GmbH - Plant Hohenschönhausen , an industrial area around the street location Zu den Krugwiesen (including the tool manufacturer dopa Diamond Tools, which has been awarded by the Lichtenberg district office ) as well as numerous small craft and Service companies.
The Cinemotion cinema is located on Wartenberger Straße .
In 1994, the then Hohenschönhauser District Assembly decided to hold a citizens' festival on May 1st instead of the frequent rioting in the district, which was initially called Maifest am Obersee . All resident parties, associations and social projects are invited and called to participate. Schools and companies are now also participating. After the first success of the event, it was repeated every year, the venue changed to the district of Neu-Hohenschönhausen (Falkenberger Chaussee corner Vincent-van-Gogh-Straße) in the newly structured Lichtenberg district. Since then, the festival has been called Bunte Platte and thus refers to both the main residential buildings and the broadest possible cultural offering, which is primarily directed against right-wing extremist activities. District Mayor Michael Grunst awarded the Lichtenberg Democracy Prize to the initiators and long-term organizers Evelyn Ullrich, Bettina Grotewohl, Matthias Ebert and Karsten Dietrich in March 2019 for their commitment.
traffic
Private transport
The main road in the district is Falkenberger Chaussee . The continuation towards the city center is Hansastraße , towards Falkenberg it is Dorfstraße. The entire street is part of the Chaussee from Weißensee to Bad Freienwalde and as such was part of the Reichstrasse or Fernstrasse 158 until reunification. Most of the other main roads lead from or cross Falkenberger Chaussee. Since the Chaussee and the outer ring divide the district into the four quarters mentioned, there are only a few road connections between them.
Public transport
Neu-Hohenschönhausen is served by two regional train lines, one S-Bahn line , three tram lines and several bus lines. As in Marzahn before, most of the means of transport in Neu-Hohenschönhausen were already available during construction.
The first verifiable public transport connection was the A40 bus line from Malchow via Weißensee to Falkenberg and Ahrensfelde , which was set up in the late 1920s . After the Second World War, the A46 was the successor to the A40 and the A39 between (old) Hohenschönhausen and Wartenberg. Both lines met at the current intersection of Falkenberger Chaussee and Prendener Straße.
In the early 1940s, the outer freight ring was created as a single-track bypass. After it was dismantled around 1947, it was rebuilt as the Berlin outer ring with a slightly different course from the beginning of the 1950s . A first train station in Hohenschönhausen was only built with the construction of the new building area. A single-track S-Bahn line with two stations was laid from the Springpfuhl train station parallel to the outer ring. The S-Bahn station Gehrenseestraße is located on the southern edge of the district not far from the garden city of Hohenschönhausen, the S-Bahn station Hohenschönhausen at the intersection with Falkenberger Chaussee in the center of the new development area. The long-distance train tracks at Hohenschönhausen station were given two platforms. The line was opened on December 20, 1984. Exactly one year later to the day, the second track and the extension by one station to Wartenberg went into operation; Despite the name, the S-Bahn station is also in the Neu-Hohenschönhausen district. The route is served by the S75 to Warschauer Straße . The regional train lines RB12 and RB24 also provide a direct connection with the Berlin train stations Lichtenberg , Ostkreuz and Schöneweide as well as with numerous Brandenburg towns.
Simultaneously with the S-Bahn to Hohenschönhausen, the first new tram line went into operation. The 3.5 kilometer long connection begins on Gehrenseestraße and leads through Mühlengrund to Prerower Platz and further along Zingster Straße to the northern end of the new development area. As an east-west connection, the route from Buschallee through Hansastraße and Falkenberger Chaussee to Falkenberg was added in 1987/88 . Both routes meet at Prerower Platz. The continuation from the Falkenberg terminus to Marzahn-Nord was planned, but is currently no longer being pursued. Up to eight different tram lines ran in the district, providing a direct connection in the direction of Weißensee, Friedrichshain , Niederschöneweide and Köpenick . In 2013 three tram lines operate in the district. Line M4 runs from Zingster Strasse or Falkenberg via Weißensee to Hackescher Markt, line M5 runs from Zingster Strasse via Alt-Hohenschönhausen and Hackeschen Markt to the main station . The M17 line runs as an eastern bypass in the tram network from the Falkenberg terminus via Karlshorst to the Schöneweide S-Bahn station . Both routes are served continuously.
The bus routes in the district serve on the one hand to develop the individual quarters and on the other hand to connect to the surrounding districts. The express bus line X54 provides a direct connection from the Pankow S-Bahn and U-Bahn station via Neu-Hohenschönhausen to the Hellersdorf subway station , the 154 line goes to French Buchholz or Elsterwerdaer Platz subway station, and the 256 line runs from the Wartenberg housing estate the new building area via the Lichtenberg S-Bahn and U-Bahn station to the central cemetery Berlin-Friedrichsfelde. The bus line 294 runs as a neighborhood line mainly within the new building area, individual trips also lead to the industrial area of Alt-Hohenschönhausen. Line 893 is operated by both the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe and the Barnimer bus company. It leads from Prerower Platz via Lindenberg , Schwanebeck and the Buch S-Bahn to the Zepernick S-Bahn.
Personalities
- Capital Bra (* 1994), rapper , grew up in Neu-Hohenschönhausen
See also
- List of streets and squares in Berlin-Neu-Hohenschönhausen
- List of cultural monuments in Berlin-Neu-Hohenschönhausen
literature
- Anke Huschner: History of the Berlin administrative districts. Hohenschoenhausen. Volume 15. Stapp Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-87776-070-8 .
- Walter Püschel : Walks in Hohenschönhausen. Haude & Spenersche Verlagsbuchhandlung GmbH, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-7759-0398-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Map of the country initially around Berlin. (No longer available online.) Kartogr. Department of the Royal Preuss. Land record, 1871, archived from the original on December 18, 2015 ; Retrieved February 11, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Large Berlin city map. (No longer available online.) Richard Schwarz Nachf., Landkartenverlag, 1961, archived from the original on December 12, 2015 ; Retrieved February 11, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of the Lichtenberg District Office of February 22, 2016: Dekrapfuhl north of Zingster Strasse is being revitalized . Press release of the Lichtenberg district office of November 21, 2016: Species protection measures at the Dekrapfuhl continue
- ↑ Statistical report AI 5 - hj 2 / 19. Residents in the state of Berlin on December 31, 2019. Basic data. P. 26.
- ↑ Democracy Prize 2019: May Festival makers honored . In: Lichtenberger Rathausnachrichten, 18th year . April 2019, p. 2 .
- ^ Hans-Georg Winkler: Omnibus lines in Weissensee . In: Weißenseer Heimatfreunde (Ed.): On rails to Weißensee. 125 years of trams in northeast Berlin . GVE, Berlin, ISBN 3-89218-075-X , p. 68-69 .
- ↑ a b Reinhard Demps, Bodo Nienerza: With the tram to Zingster Strasse. Expansion of the tram network in Berlin-Hohenschönhausen . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Volume 2, 1985, pp. 39-42 .
- ↑ Michael Günther: 25 years ago: Tatra-Bahnen to Marzahn. New tram lines in the north-east of Berlin . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Volume 4, 2004, pp. 90-101 .
- ↑ Bodo Nienerza: Tramway to Falkenberg opened . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Volume 6, 1988, pp. 135-138 .
- ↑ Michael Günther: 25 years ago: Tatra-Bahnen to Marzahn. New tram lines in the north-east of Berlin . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Volume 5, 2004, pp. 130-141 .
