Niederwürzbach

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Niederwürzbach
City of Blieskastel
Former municipal coat of arms of Niederwürzbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 42 ″  N , 7 ° 12 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 234 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 3495  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 66440
Area code : 06842
Niederwürzbach (Saarland)
Niederwürzbach

Location of Niederwürzbach in Saarland
View of Niederwürzbach
View of Niederwürzbach

Niederwürzbach is a district of Blieskastel in the Saarpfalz district ( Saarland ). The Seelbach district and the Breiter Mühle location also belong to Niederwürzbach .

geography

Niederwürzbach is located around 4 km west of Blieskastel at 234  m above sea level. NHN . The place owes its name to the brook Würzbach , which feeds the Würzbacher Weiher (12 hectares), flows through Niederwürzbach and drains into the Blies .

South of Niederwürzbach begins with the Bliesgau the Palatinate-Saarland Muschelkalkgebiet , which is characterized by its loamy and clayey soils and by a predominantly agricultural use. In the north, Niederwürzbach borders the Sankt Ingbert-Kirkeler forest area with its hilly landscape on red sandstone .

Niederwürzbach is part of the Bliesgau Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO .

history

The name Würzbach was first mentioned in 1181 in a document from Abbot Konrad von Hornbach when he sold a piece of land in Wercebach to the Wadgassen Abbey . An indication of the population in Niederwürzbach is given for the first time in the " Turkish Estimate " in 1566. 20 subjects are listed - that results in an estimated population of around 100 people.

The village of Niederwürzbach was completely destroyed in the Thirty Years War . After that, the repopulation of the village began very slowly. The population lived in great poverty. In 1698 a census took place in the Blieskastel district. In the register of all teams, women and children , 12 men, 11 women and 40 children - a total of 63 people - were recorded for Niederwürzbach.

When the von der Leyen family took over the area , the situation of the population improved noticeably. The new rulers wanted to benefit from their property and made every effort to pacify the country in order to generate income and increase it. There was a continuous upward development in the Leyen period.

In the First Coalition War , which broke out after the French Revolution , the French army advanced into what is now the Saar-Palatinate District . As a theater of war, Philippsburg Palace was badly damaged by French revolutionary troops around 1792 . As a result of the coalition wars, the Left Bank of the Rhine was occupied by France, finally annexed in 1797 and Niederwürzbach French .

After the Congress of Vienna , Niederwürzbach became part of the Rhine District in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1816 . In the industrial age, the place grew rapidly from the middle of the 19th century to the current population of approx. 4000 people. The Junkerwald estate in Niederwürzbach was also built during the time that it belonged to Bavaria.

After the First World War , the provisions of the Versailles Treaty of 1919 meant that Niederwürzbach was located in the Saar area from 1920 to 1935 , which was placed under French administration for 15 years with a mandate from the League of Nations . In 1935, after the referendum provided for in the treaty, the Saar area was reintegrated into the then National Socialist German Reich with around 90% approval .

Since Niederwürzbach was in the so-called " Red Zone " near the French border, the place was evacuated from August 30, 1939 during the Second World War . After the armistice with France in June 1940, the civilian population returned to Niederwürzbach. The place was supposed to be evacuated again in December 1944, but that never happened. The American offensive under General George S. Patton on March 20, 1945 was the zero hour after the Second World War for Niederwürzbach.

After the war Niederwürzbach belonged to the French occupation zone and from 1946 to the end of 1956 to the semi-autonomous Saarland . After a referendum in 1955, Saarland joined the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957. As part of the Saarland territorial and administrative reform , the previously independent municipality of Niederwürzbach in the district of Sankt Ingbert was assigned to the city of Blieskastel on January 1, 1974 . Niederwürzbach has been a district and a municipality since then.

politics

Result of the federal election on September 24, 2017 (values ​​including Seelbach.)

The turnout was 78.8%

Local council

Local council election 2014
Turnout: 68.4%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
46.3%
38.7%
5.4%
5.1%
4.5%

In the local elections on May 25, 2014, the following distribution of seats in the local council resulted :

Parties and constituencies Seats
2014
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 6th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 5
total 11

Mayor

The mayor is Petra Linz.

coat of arms

The former municipality of Niederwürzbach was granted the right to use a coat of arms on July 22, 1965 by the Saarland Ministry of the Interior on the basis of Section 3 of the municipal code of January 15, 1964 . At the same time, the community received the right to use the colors blue and white as the community colors. The blazon of the coat of arms reads: Above a silver wave shield base, inside a blue lily pad, in blue a silver pole topped with a continuous red cross, and each accompanied by a silver deer pole with 5 ends.

The red cross indicates that it belonged to Kurtrier from 1337 to 1661 , the silver pole that it belonged to the domain of the Count von der Leyen from 1661. The patron saint of the Catholic parish of Niederwürzbach, St. Hubertus , is symbolized by the two stag poles. Finally, the base of the wave shield covered with a lily pad indicates the location of the place on the Würzbacher Weiher. The municipality colors blue and white remind of the affiliation to Bavaria after the Napoleonic period.

Culture and sights

The location of Niederwürzbach in the Bliesgau biosphere reserve, which was awarded by UNESCO in 2009, is of particular tourist importance . Niederwürzbach is also located on the Barockstrasse Saar- Palatinate , which leads through the Saarland and the neighboring western Palatinate as a tourist theme street .

Buildings

Gut Junkerwald am Weiher in Niederwürzbach
Würzbacher pond

Probably the most impressive building in Niederwürzbach is the Annahof, it was the summer residence of Marianne von der Leyen. On the other side of the pond is the 'red building'. Both buildings form the heart of the baroque buildings in Niederwürzbach. During the von der Leyen's time, important so-called “English gardens” in the English garden style were laid out at the Würzbacher Weiher . The gardens also included several buildings built at the end of the 18th century. The remainder of the Philippsburg castle, which is now used as a forester's house, the well-preserved Annahof and the red building are still there.

At the pond is also the Junkerwald estate, which was run by the Royal Bavarian Councilor Dr. Karl Ehrhardt was created in 1903. The plans for the villa come from the architect Georg von Hauberrisser , who also built the town hall in Munich. In 1955 the villa burned down to the foundations and was rebuilt in its original form, apart from a few small changes.

The former Catholic Hubertus Chapel is on Kirkeler Straße. It was built between 1738 and 1742 with the support of Count von der Leyen. After it was used as a syringe and residential building, it has been owned by the Protestant parish as the Church of the Holy Spirit since 1952. In 1881 the Catholic parish church St. Hubertus was built. It contains a relief plaque of St. Hubertus from 1750 by Johann Franz Martersteck, son of Johann Martersteck , which is under monument protection . After it was destroyed by aerial bombs in World War II, the parish church was rebuilt. A parsonage and a war memorial are arranged around the church. Not far from there is a cross from 1821 with the inscription "Jesus Savior and Blessed Maker" in the cemetery.

At the suggestion of Pastor Georg Deck, unemployed miners built a “Lourdes Grotto” in the Kirkeler Valley in 1931 as a place of pilgrimage to Mary . In 1959, 14 stations of the cross by the Blieskastel sculptor Karl Riemann were re-erected on the way to the grotto.

From 1936 to 1940, as part of the fortification of the Siegfried Line, the Würzbach between Niederwürzbach and Lautzkirchen was expanded as an anti-tank barrier and numerous bunkers, which served as observation, combat and medical posts, were built. Even the "Felsenkeller" tunnel, which is still visible today, under the Catholic. Parish church in Niederwürzbach served as a shelter. The Siegfried Line consisted of around 235 bunkers in the city area of ​​Blieskastel alone. For example, there is a multi-storey underground facility on the Kieselberg in Niederwürzbach that served as a medical bunker. The bunkers, which were not blown up after the Second World War, but closed, are included in the state monument list. The monuments are not accessible to the public, but can be seen from the streets and hiking trails in the Würzbachtal.

At Bezirksstrasse 34 there are two stumbling blocks that are part of Gunter Demnig's project. They remember Georg and Otto Bieg from Niederwürzbach, who were deported during the National Socialist era . Georg (born 1908) and Otto Bieg (born 1910) were arrested on December 13, 1937. They were charged with communist activities. After being denounced by the mayor, Georg Bieg was transferred to the Dachau concentration camp, where he was conscripted as a medic. During his work, which saved the lives of many prisoners, he became infected with typhus and died on January 24, 1945. Otto Bieg was called up for military service after his imprisonment on the Lerchesflur, but refused and was shot dead on July 11, 1944.

In Kirkeler Straße there is a mine locomotive with two wagons as a reminder of the Niederwürzbachers who worked in the mining industry. The Ruhrthaler V type G 60 Z / V locomotive was originally delivered to Saargrube Göttelborn on February 24, 1955 by Ruhrthaler Maschinenfabrik Schwarz & Dyckerhoff KG.

Regular events

  • Music meets sport (2nd weekend in June)
  • Fair (1st weekend in September)
  • Autumn concert by the plucking orchestra of the play and hiking club (1st or 2nd Sunday in November)
  • Christmas market on weekends in December

Sports

Niederwürzbach Würzbachhalle

The handball club TV Niederwürzbach is based in Niederwürzbach , and played in the first Bundesliga between 1989 and 1999 and won the Euro City Cup in 1995 .

Infrastructure

leisure offers

Niederwürzbach Lettkaul motocross track
  • Würzbacher Weiher leisure area with sunbathing lawn and beach volleyball field
  • Boule Plant before Würzbachhalle
  • Playing fields for tennis at the Würzbachhalle
  • Grass pitch for soccer in the Seelbach district
  • Motocross track in the Lettkaul
  • Racetrack for RC model cars with internal combustion engines
  • Extensive hiking and biking trails

Public facilities

Niederwürzbach has a primary school with a school gym and a public library, a Catholic. Voluntary all-day school, cath. Daycare center, a Catholic and a Protestant church, a multi-purpose hall (Würzbachhalle), a grass football field, a tennis facility, a motocross track, a municipal campsite with 10 parking spaces for mobile homes, a fire station and a DRK building.

traffic

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Niederwürzbach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Blieskasteler Nachrichten, January 17, 2020 - Population statistics
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 809 .
  3. ↑ Blieskastel: Elections | Blieskastel. Accessed June 20, 2018 (German).
  4. ^ Result of local council election Niederwürzbach 2014, preliminary final result on: www.blieskastel.de, accessed on May 27, 2014
  5. ↑ Local council election 2014: This is how the Saarpfalz district voted . In: Saarbrücker Zeitung , May 27, 2014
  6. ↑ Petra Linz is the first head of Niederwürzbach on: www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de, accessed on July 14, 2014
  7. ↑ a b History of the coat of arms and description of the coat of arms On: commons.wikimedia.org, accessed on May 27, 2014
  8. ↑ a b [1] On: www.ngw.nl (Heraldry of the World), accessed on May 27, 2014
  9. ↑ UNESCO homepage
  10. ↑ a b c City of Blieskastel: On the history of Niederwürzbach. Retrieved December 24, 2018 .
  11. ↑ a b Gerd Meiser: As on the mountain Tabor, place of reflection: St. Hubertus on a hill in the middle of Niederwürzbach . In: Saarbrücker Zeitung , 8./9. September 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.
  12. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland, sub-monuments list Saarpfalz-Kreis (PDF; 1.2 MB), accessed on October 27, 2012
  13. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland, sub-monuments list Saarpfalz-Kreis (PDF; 1.2 MB), accessed on April 13, 2013
  14. ↑ Ruhrthaler locomotives preserved in a museum , accessed on October 22, 2016
  15. ↑ The Momuments Man from Niederwürzbach: Bernhard Henrich - a portrait. (No longer available online.) In: SR3 Land und Menschen. February 23, 2014, archived from the original on March 5, 2014 ; accessed on December 24, 2018 .