Nin
Nin | ||
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Basic data | ||
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State : | Croatia | |
County : | Zadar | |
Height : | 0 m. i. J. | |
Residents : | 2,744 (2011) | |
Telephone code : | (+385) 023 | |
Postal code : | 23 232 | |
License plate : | ZD | |
Structure and administration (status: 2013, cf. ) |
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Community type : | city | |
Mayor : | Emil Ćurko ( HDZ ) | |
Postal address : | Trg hrvatskih branitelja 1 23 232 Nin |
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Website : |
Nin [ ˈniːn ] (German outdated: Fleissenburg , Latin Aenona or Nona ) is a city in Croatia . It is located in the Zadar County and about 15 km north of Zadar on the Adriatic Sea . Nin has about 2,744 inhabitants (2011 census).
history
The story of Nin goes back to the Liburnian tribe in the 9th century BC. BC back. Later, when the Romans over Dalmatia ruled that city under the name was Aenona known. The Romans built a forum , an amphitheater and a temple , which was the largest in Dalmatia at the time. Today only a ruin bears witness to the monumental structure.
In the 7th century, Slavs and Avars stormed the city together, which resulted in the total destruction of Nin. In the course of the reconstruction by the Croatians , Nin became a cultural center of Croatia . Coronation ceremonies of Croatian rulers took place there. In 1570 Nin , which had meanwhile been lost to Venice , was partially destroyed by the Serenissima . As a result, Nin lost a lot of its importance, which the reconstruction in the 18th and 19th centuries could not help.
Old town
The old town of Nin is located in a lagoon on a small island created by an artificial canal, which is connected to the mainland by two stone bridges. Both bridges were severely damaged in a severe storm in September 2017. Among other things, there is the Sveti Križ (Holy Cross Church), which was built around 800 and is called the "smallest cathedral in the world", although it was very likely never a bishopric. The construction of the church raised questions for a long time: the perfection of the proportions contrasts with the lack of essential structural features. Today we know that the dimensions of the church walls, the doors and the windows were adapted to the different lighting conditions within a year and also within a day. It could also serve as a calendar and clock.
A small archaeological museum exhibits numerous exhibits from Roman times. The ruins of a Roman temple, which are located in the middle of the old town, also date from Roman times.
In the parish church of St. Anselmus there are valuable reliquary shrines from the 9th to 13th centuries. The Ambrosius Church is only a ruin today; like the Marcella Church , it dates from the early Middle Ages .
Outside Nin, the small church of Sveti Nikola from the 11th century stands on a hill . It is a cross-shaped structure, the dome of which was converted into a defensive tower with battlements during the Turkish Wars .
In the vicinity of Nin there are several very beautiful sand lagoons , which is otherwise rather untypical for the stony Croatian coast. The water temperature is about two to three degrees above that of the open sea, which results in a slightly higher salt content. In addition, the water is very clean as there is hardly any shipping traffic due to the shallow depth. About 2 km south of Nin is the large holiday camp Zaton, which is popular with German tourists.
population
Ethnic composition
The 2011 census in the city of Nin revealed the following ethnic composition:
- Croatians - 2,626 (95.70%)
- Serbs - 53 (1.93%)
- Bosniaks - 27 (0.98%)
- Slovenes - 6 (0.22%)
- Germans - 3 (0.11%)
- Russians - 2 (0.07%)
- Italians - 1 (0.04%)
- Slovaks - 1 (0.04%)
- Others - 7 (0.26%)
- No answer - 9 (0.33%)
Religions
94.42% of city residents said they belonged to Roman Catholic Christianity in the 2011 census . 2.04% assigned to Orthodox Christianity. Another two percent stated Islam as a religion. 1.09% described themselves as atheists or agnostics . 0.44% gave no information on religious affiliation.
various
The people of Nin live mainly from agriculture and fishing . Tourism is also becoming increasingly important : In summer, the old town invites you to stroll from around 8 p.m. In numerous inns and wine cellars ( Konobas ) specialties from home and abroad are offered.
Personalities
- In the 10th century the bishop Grgur Ninski (Gregory of Nin) was an important person in the church politics of Dalmatia . In addition to the statue in Nin's old town, there is a large sculpture in Split in honor of the bishop. There is also a large sculpture of the bishop in Varaždin .
- Croatian King Petar Krešimir IV.
- Croatian Prince Branimir
Nin medicinal mud
The mineral-rich peloid mud from Nin has been used for its healing properties since Roman times . It is mainly used to treat rheumatic diseases and skin diseases.
traffic
A well-developed road leads from Zadar directly to Nin. The bus connection to Zadar is also good.
Broadcasting station
In the vicinity of Nin bei Grbe there is a decommissioned medium wave transmitter of the transmitter network operator OIV (Odašiljači i veze). It went into operation in 1984 on the frequency of 1134 kHz and originally used four self-radiating transmission masts, 132 meters high, arranged in a square as a transmitting antenna. Until it was destroyed in the Croatian War of Independence, the transmission power was 1200 kW . After its destruction in 1991 only two transmission masts were erected, the remaining two followed in 2004. The transmission power has been 600 kW since then. Nevertheless, this station, officially called SV Zadar, was easy to receive in Europe in the evening.
The station last broadcast the program of the Croatian international radio station Glas Hrvatske from 6:00 p.m. to 12:45 a.m. and was switched off on January 1, 2014 - one year after the shortwave - following a decision by the Hrvatska Radiotelevizija broadcaster .
literature
- Wilhelm Tomaschek : Aenona . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 1, Stuttgart 1893, Col. 596.
- Frank Rother: Yugoslavia. Art, history and landscape between the Adriatic and the Danube. DuMont Buchverlag , Cologne 1988, ISBN 3-7701-0787-0 , p. 128.
- Franz N. Mehling: Yugoslavia. (Knaur's cultural guide). Droemer Knaur , Munich 1984, ISBN 3-426-26135-9 , p. 220.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2010_07_92_2587.html
- ↑ a b Kai Ludwig: Croatia no longer on medium wave. (No longer available online.) Radioeins Medienmagazin, January 6, 2014, archived from the original on January 9, 2014 ; accessed on January 9, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Odašiljači i veze: End of medium wave transmission. January 5, 2014, accessed January 9, 2014 .