Oberdollendorf
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Oberdollendorf
City of Koenigswinter
Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 55 ″ N , 7 ° 11 ′ 22 ″ E
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| Height : | 70 (55-120) m | |
| Residents : | 5673 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Incorporation : | 1st August 1969 | |
| Postal code : | 53639 | |
| Area code : | 02223 | |
Location of Oberdollendorf in North Rhine-Westphalia |
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Oberdollendorf is a district of the city of Königswinter in the Rhein-Sieg district in North Rhine-Westphalia . It flows smoothly into the Niederdollendorf district . The Oberdollendorf district with its Römlinghoven district has 5673 inhabitants, the district itself 5105 (as of December 31, 2019).
geography
Oberdollendorf extends one kilometer east of the Rhine over a length of about 1.5 kilometers and a width of one kilometer on a terrain that rises from the west ( federal highway 42 ) to the east to the Siebengebirge , as the northernmost place on the Rhine-side Siebengebirgshang. The center, a multi-line street village is already slightly increased to 68- 77 m above sea level. NHN below the vineyards on the western slope of the Dollendorfer Hardt ( 246.7 m above sea level ). The village extends into the valley of the Dollendorfer Bach ( Mühlental ), which is canalised in the village, and merges seamlessly to the west in Niederdollendorf and to the north in Römlinghoven . To the southeast it rises to the Petersberg ( 335.9 m above sea level ) and its peripheral summit Falkenberg ( 203.4 m above sea level ) on the side of the Mühlental opposite the Dollendorfer Hardt. In terms of settlement geography , Oberdollendorf can be assigned to the greater Bonn area .
The district of Oberdollendorf is located in the north of the urban area of Königswinter, the district extends in the outer northwest to the Rhine and includes Römlinghoven as well as the Heisterbach monastery . It borders directly on the boroughs of Beuel ( Oberkassel district ) and (across the Rhine) Bad Godesberg, which belong to Bonn .
history
Dollendorf was first mentioned in 966 by Emperor Otto I as "Dullendorf". In a document from 1144, a distinction was made between Oberdollendorf and Niederdollendorf (Dollendorp, item Dollendorp) for the first time . Oberdollendorf belonged country wonderfully as part of the Office Löwenburg since the 15th century the Duchy of Berg . In the wisdom of 1540 riflemen are mentioned for the first time, who probably belong to the "Kogelschützen" of the Löwenburg rule , to which Oberdollendorf belonged at that time. A St. Sebastianus brotherhood is reported for the first time in 1550. In 1597 Oberdollendorf took part in the renewal of the " Linzer Eintracht ", an alliance for mutual assistance in armed attacks, in which numerous places from Oberkassel to Hönningen took part.
The parishes of Niederdollendorf ( honors Niederdollendorf and Heisterbacherrott ), Oberdollendorf (honors Oberdollendorf, Kl. Heisterbach, Römlinghoven) and Oberkassel (honors Oberkassel and Berghoven (victory)) formed the court and embassy in Dollendorf. The parish Oberdollendorf was up to the dissolution of the Duchy of Berg in 1806 by a so-called. Markgedinge managed in the seven free courtyards of the village jury seconded: the Grevenhof the Abbey Heisterbach which Mertenhof the monastery Merten , the estates of the lords of Drachenfels , the Rennenbergerhof the lords of racing mountain (now the Bridge ), the Edelkirchenerhof of Herr's precious churches in Römlinghoven and the "Klamerspol" of the Junkers to Kalmit. The parish had the following officials : a mayor , a church master , an offerer (also a school master ) and the shooter . They were appointed by the Markgedinge and, apart from the Offermann, exchanged regularly (sometimes annually).
From 1816 to 1969 the municipality of Oberdollendorf was part of the Oberkassel mayor's office (renamed “Amt Oberkassel” in 1927). From 1949 to 1955 it belonged to the Bonn enclave , a special area under the Allied High Commission around the provisional seat of government of the Federal Republic of Germany. When the municipal reorganization of the Bonn area came into effect on August 1, 1969, it became part of the new town of Königswinter. The synagogue , consecrated in 1872 , was damaged on the night of November 10th to 11th, 1938 and demolished in March 1939. The synagogue community of Oberdollendorf included the Jewish co-residents of Oberdollendorf, Niederdollendorf, Königswinter (today: Königswinter-Altstadt) and Oberkassel (today: Bonn-Oberkassel). In the Allied air war , Oberdollendorf suffered the first five deaths in the Siebengebirge area in a bombing raid on the night of April 17-18, 1941 with eight high-explosive bombs and 80 incendiary bombs . On March 18, 1945, American combat troops took Oberdollendorf with little resistance, and the continued bombardment by the German artillery resulted in two deaths here on March 21.
In 1967 Oberdollendorf had 4,790 inhabitants, 51 of whom worked in agriculture and forestry, 1,049 in manufacturing and 814 in the service sector. 1,140 out-commuters were compared to 336 in-commuters. 880 people were employed in 12 industrial companies. In 1967 there were public institutions: 2 elementary schools, a sports field, a gym, a kindergarten, a library and a hospital. In the 1970s, a villa was built in Oberdollendorf (Marienstraße 19), which later served as the residence of the Ambassador of the Togolese Republic in the Federal Republic of Germany. At the beginning of the 1990s, Togo gave up the location of the embassy due to domestic political problems, and after 2003 the villa was demolished (→ list of diplomatic missions ).
Population development
Numbers with Römlinghoven:
- 1815: 966
- 1816: 991
- 1825: 1.214
- 1871: 1,386
- 1885: 1,395
- 1905: 2.067
- 1925: 2.504
- 1933: 2,571
- 1939: 2,471
- 1946: 3,199
- 1961: 4.152
Attractions
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In the center of the wine village is located in an old half-timbered house in the feeder path for Rheinsteig the Brückenhofmuseum ; In its permanent exhibition areas it shows a presentation on the Heisterbacher Talbahn with the " Weilberg model system ", collections on the topics of stonemasons, quarries, carpenters, carpenters and cooper , a fully equipped shoemaker's workshop, an old kitchen and a demonstration framework. The focus of the museum's work is on changing special exhibitions on local and regional topics and art.
The 2.2 kilometer long wine trail leads through the approximately eight hectares of vineyards with the Laurentiusberg, Rosenhügel and Sülzenberg sites. The cultivation areas were rearranged through a land consolidation process from 1973 to 1979. The Sülzenberg belongs to the former Freihofs Gut Sülz, which dates back to the 10th century . The estate had been owned by Heisterbach Abbey since the 14th century and was the center of the Heisterbach wine industry until 1803. Since 1823 it has been in changing private ownership.
More Attractions:
- Catholic parish church Sankt Laurentius
- Turmhof in Turmstrasse
- The monument to Caesarius von Heisterbach by the artist Ernemann Sander (1991)
- Stone circle at the viewpoint envelope
- The nature-protected, species-rich biotope on the Kellerberg
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 19th century, Oberdollendorf was shaped by viticulture . In 1878 there were 51.06 hectares of vineyards. In 1906 it had already sunk to 23 hectares, in 1924 it was only 7.5 hectares. As a result of the global economic crisis, new paths were created and recultivation measures could take place. The area increased again to 23 hectares in 1934. In 1939 there were 89 wine-growing businesses in Oberdollendorf, but most of them were only sideline for the winemakers. In 1978 an extensive vineyard land consolidation process was carried out with the support of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Today there is only one winery left . A 2.2 km long wine trail in the vineyards provides information on wine and viticulture on 15 panels. The vineyards on the western slope of the Dollendorfer Hardt belong to the Siebengebirge area and the Petersberg area in the specific growing area of the Middle Rhine and include the individual layers of Rosenhügel , Laurentiusberg and Sülzenberg from north to south .
Around 1800 there were several mills on the stream that runs from Heisterbach through Oberdollendorf towards the Rhine. Their number decreased in the course of the 19th century. Some like the so-called grinding mill fell into disrepair, others were still used for residential purposes. Today only the street name Mühlental reminds of it.
A post office had existed in today's Weinhaus Lichtenberg since 1871: the post office set up initially became Post Office III in 1876. Class.
traffic
Oberdollendorf is connected to the federal highway 42 , which merges into the A 59 airport motorway in the Ramersdorf district of Bonn . The B 42 partially separates the districts of Oberdollendorf and Niederdollendorf , but you don't have to go over a bridge everywhere, as a 610 meter long tunnel ( Oberdollendorf Tunnel ) as part of a trough structure crosses the city area. The tram route of the Siebengebirgsbahn (line 66), which continues via Bonn to Siegburg and in the direction of Bad Honnef , also runs through this tunnel . To the north of the tunnel, the newly built federal road in the early to mid-1980s runs in the trough and then merges into the Oberkassel tunnel .
The construction of the autobahn-like federal road was of great urban significance for Oberdollendorf: roads were relocated, demolished and separated from each other, and tunnels and bridges were built. The structure was built with four lanes due to the strong and increasing traffic flows in the direction of Bonn.
The construction of an ascent to the Ennert as a connection to the federal motorway 3 was pursued for a long time .
Oberdollendorf also has a direct connection to the right Rhine line of the railway via the Niederdollendorf train station, which is only about 100 meters away .
people
Well-known and famous people from Oberdollendorf or who lived or live in Oberdollendorf:
- Hermann Christian Hülder (1730–1810), mayor and chronicler
- David Cahn (1818–1891), owner of the "Weingut Sülz"
- Caspar Joseph Brambach (1833–1902), composer
- Ferdinand Schmitz (1866–1943), historian
- Pantaleon "Leo" Tendler (1881–1975), two-time community leader, since 1961 honorary citizen of the community of Oberdollendorf
- Alfred Erich Euchler (1888–1967), artist
- Jean “Jodokus” Assenmacher (1914–1994), author of local history and dialect texts, draftsman
- Diether Deneke (1918–2002), politician
- Ernemann Sander (* 1925 in Leipzig), artist
- Frank Mella (* 1949 in Oberkassel), editor, columnist, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit and "inventor" of the German DAX share index
- Burkhard Mohr (* 1959 in Cologne), caricaturist, painter and sculptor
- Martin Thiebes (* 1962 in Krefeld) stone sculptor
- Horst Heldt (* 1969 in Königswinter), former professional footballer
Community leader
The community leaders of the place from 1914 to the incorporation to Königswinter 1969:
- 1914–1919: Franz Frembgen
- 1919–1924: Georg Hubert Laufenberg
- 1924–1925: Franz Thiebes
- 1925–1929: Josef Sand
- 1929–1935: Pantaleon "Leo" Tendler
- 1935–1941: Josef Sand
- 1945–1961: Pantaleon "Leo" Tendler
- 1961–1964: Wilhelm Schmitz
- 1964–1969: Fritz Nenzel
swell
- The records of the municipality of Oberdollendorf from 1815 to 1969 are in the Oberkassel holdings in the Königswinter city archive, and some of them are also in the Oberkassel holdings in the Bonn city archive
- Additional files can be found in the Siegkreis district office in the Siegburg district archive
- The archive of the Catholic parish of St. Laurentius is located in the central parish office in Königswinter
literature
- Ferdinand Schmitz: The Mark Dollendorf. Bergisch Gladbach 1925.
- Willi Schäferdiek: The millennial Dollendorf - reflections on the millennium of the Rhine communities Ober- and Niederdollendorf , ed. from the communities of Oberdollendorf and Niederdollendorf, Bonn 1966
- Heinrich Neu: Nieder- and Oberdollendorf in the last century and a half. Oberdollendorf 1972.
- Albert Verbeek: Heisterbach and Oberdollendorf. Neuss 1979 (2nd, revised edition Neuss 1982).
- Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven eV and Kreis der Heimatfreunde Niederdollendorf eV (ed.): That's how it was once in Oberdollendorf, Niederdollendorf, Heisterbach and Römlinghoven. Königswinter 1983
- Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven. A festival book , ed. v. Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven e. V., Königswinter 1986.
- Jean Assenmacher: Dolldep on Dolldep eat two different smirk poems. 62 pages. 1985. 2nd edition 1991.
- Jean Assenmacher: cheerful to cloudy - ambiguous and ironic in rhyme and prose. 160 pages. 1993.
- Jean Assenmacher: We children from yesterday - cheerful memories of humble times. 176 pages. 1992. 2nd edition 1994.
- Jean Assenmacher: My little world - declaration of love to a city (Königswinter). 176 pages. 1994.
- Heimatverein Oberdollendorf und Römlinghoven eV (Ed.): Memory of a confused time - 1st part Nieder- and Oberdollendorf citizens look back on the war and post-war years. Königswinter 1996
- Jean Assenmacher: Herrgott's boarders - originals, crooks, rogues and eccentrics in the Siebengebirge. 172 pages. 1989. 4th edition 1998.
- Heimatverein Oberdollendorf und Römlinghoven eV (ed.): Remembrance of a confused time - Part 2 Nieder- and Oberdollendorf citizens look back on the war and post-war years. Königswinter 2001
- Karl Josef Klöhs: Imperial weather on the Siebengebirge . Edition Loge 7, Königswinter 2003, ISBN 3-00-012113-7 .
- Dieter Mechlinski: The secret government councilor Ottmar Edwin Strauss - biography of a forgotten fellow citizen of Königswinter , ed. v. Heimatverein Oberdollendorf und Römlinghoven eV 6th, greatly expanded edition, Königswinter 2010
- Helmut Vreden: Jewish butchers and cattle dealers in Oberkassel near Bonn , ed. v. Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven eV 6th, extended edition, Königswinter 2011
- Karl Schumacher: The mills in the Heisterbacher Tal - how they rattled from the Middle Ages to modern times - water management, historical development, mill technology, legends and poems, principle site plan . Ed .: Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven eV 2nd, reviewed edition, Königswinter 2011. 120 pages.
- Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven eV (ed.): Jakob Keppelstraß - chronicler and poet from Oberdollendorf - notes by a kit maker about the Napoleonic era and the years after. Königswinter 2015
- Heimatverein Oberdollendorf and Römlinghoven eV (ed.): Cooking like back then - Old Dollendorfer recipes - A home-made cooking pleasure. Collected by Sylvie Kummerhoff, Königswinter 2015. 119 pages.
- Karl Schumacher (Hrsg.): Traditional and experienced from the Siebengebirge - by Ice Age hunters, monks, vagabonds, robber bands and stonemasons, collected and edited by Karl Schumacher, Königswinter 2018. 128 pages.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b without secondary residences ; Population statistics of the city of Königswinter (PDF)
- ^ Wilhelm Fabricius : Explanations of the historical atlas of the Rhine province , 5th volume, Bonn 1898, p. 315.
- ^ Ferdinand Schmitz: The Mark Dollendorf . Bergisch Gladbach 1925, p. 46/47 u. 52/53.
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 84 .
- ↑ a b c Ansgar Sebastian Klein : Rise and rule of National Socialism in the Siebengebirge . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2008, ISBN 978-3-89861-915-8 (also dissertation University of Bonn, 2007).
- ^ The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis . Publisher: Senior District Director Paul Kieras. Stuttgart 1983, p. 276.
- ↑ [1]
Eudenbach | Heisterbacherrott | Ittenbach | Königswinter (old town) | Niederdollendorf | Oberdollendorf | Oberpleis | Stieldorf | Thomasberg