Ohre-Drömling

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Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 0 ″  N , 11 ° 7 ′ 0 ″  E

Relief map: Saxony-Anhalt
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Ohre-Drömling​
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Saxony-Anhalt

The nature reserve (NSG) Ohre-Drömling is located in the Altmark district of Salzwedel and in the district of Börde in Saxony-Anhalt . It covers large parts of the fen area Drömling and is the largest protected area in the country.

geography

Location of the northern area of ​​the NSG (map before 2005)
NSG Ohre-Drömling
Mannhausen shallow water zone with thousands of geese in October
Pond in the Jeggau moor

The nature reserve is located in the Drömling, which largely belongs to Saxony-Anhalt and a smaller part to Lower Saxony . The area covers 103.4 square kilometers. It extends from the northern Drömling south of Kunrau in the northwest to the area southern Drömling north of Calvörde in the southeast. The area is about 23 kilometers long, but sometimes only one kilometer wide. The Oebisfelde-Weferlinger district of Buchhorst is located within the area, but is not part of it. Some colonies are within the area but are exempt from some regulations. The high-speed line Hanover-Berlin and several roads that are also not part of the nature reserve run through the area . The nature reserve lies on both sides of the Ohre and the Mittelland Canal . The Jeggauer Moor between Trippigleben and Jeggau, which is separate from the rest of the area, is also part of the nature reserve.

The area is divided into protection zones I (core zone with year-round entry ban) to IV (connecting zone). The type I protection zones cover 840 hectares (ha), the type II (wet zone) 2900 hectares, the type III (conservation zone) 4630 hectares and the type IV protection zones 1910 hectares.

The following areas are designated as protection zone I:

  • Böckwitzer-Jahrstedter Drömling, northwest of Buchhorst, borders on Lower Saxony
  • Breitenroder-Oebisfelder Drömling, west of Buchhorst, borders on Lower Saxony
  • Bekassinenwiese, between Miesterhorst and Bösdorf

Level II protection zones are the following areas:

  • Southern Drömling, between Mieste and Calvörde
  • Allerkanalspitze, near Mannhausen
  • Mannhausen shallow water zone , near the Mannhausen colony
  • Long angle, with Solpke
  • Rätzlinger Drömling, near Rätzlingen
  • Northern Drömling
  • Buschbleeke, near Wassensdorf
  • Stauberg, northeast of Breitenrode
  • Combing, in the south of the area on the Mittelland Canal
  • Bauerndamm, near Breitenrode
  • Kiefholzwiesen, between Breitenrode and the Lower Saxony border
  • Jeggauer Moor
  • Cold moor, between Köckte and Buchhorst

The Drömling Saxony-Anhalt Biosphere Reserve - Drömling Nature Park until 2019 - includes other areas in addition to the Ohre-Drömling nature reserve, especially east of the NSG. There are significant overlaps with the Drömling FFH area and the Drömling EU bird sanctuary .

history

The area, which is now under protection, was a barely penetrable marsh landscape until the 18th century, in which swamp forests predominated. The Drömling was made arable through amelioration . There were Rimpau'sche Moor dam cultures created that can be seen through its many parallel trenches today.

Before the fall of the Wall , there were first initiatives to withdraw parts of the Drömling from agricultural use. In 1990 the Drömling Nature Park was set up by the GDR government and several areas of the Drömling in Saxony-Anhalt were placed under nature protection. The following nature reserves were established:

  • Northern Drömling, 2253.7 hectares (ha)
  • Böckwitzer-Jahrstedter Drömling, 317 ha, total reservation
  • Breitenroder-Oebisfelder Drömling, 432 ha, total reservation
  • Stauberg, 14.3 ha
  • Snipe meadow, 42.6 ha
  • Jeggauer Moor, 66.2 ha
  • Southern Drömling, 1397.6 ha

On July 1st, 2005 the NSG Ohre-Drömling was founded. It contains all of the aforementioned nature reserves and is more than twice as large as the previous nature reserves combined. It is also known as NSG 0387. In 2008 the Federal Environment Ministry approved 2.5 million euros for nature conservation in the Drömling.

Ecology, flora and fauna

The protective purpose is stated:

"Safeguarding the diversity of species and forms in a cultural landscape characterized by forest and grassland locations influenced by groundwater while preserving near-natural ecosystems of wet and humid locations; Preservation of the culturally and historically significant moor dam cultures and the development of an ecologically oriented overall management "

- Ordinance of the State Administration Office of Saxony-Anhalt :

To the east of the Mannhausen colony, the approximately 40 hectare Mannhausen shallow water zone with numerous islands and peninsulas was laid out in 2001 as a compensatory measure to widen the Mittelland Canal. The area is located directly on the Mittelland Canal and is connected to it by an inlet structure. Numerous water birds find a habitat there in large numbers.

The Drömling lies in the transition from the Atlantic to the continental floral elements . There are numerous rare plant species, especially in the trenches. These include the common pill fern , the floating celery , the marsh whale and the great water fennel .

Mammal species such as beavers , otters and twelve bat species use the area as a habitat. Birds with an affinity for water occur in high numbers of species and individuals. They include lapwing , white stork , kingfisher , snipe and crane , but also black stork and sea ​​eagle . The curlew is considered characteristic . Many reptiles and amphibians live in the nature reserve, including the grass snake and the European tree frog . Loaches such as the mud-whip and burbot can be found in the trenches . The nature reserve is also a habitat for numerous rare species of beetles and dragonflies.

Agriculture that is adapted to the special site conditions is definitely planned, except in protection zone I. Hunting and water management are also permitted to a limited extent.

Nature conservation in the Drömling

The Ohre-Drömling nature reserve lies entirely within the Drömling biosphere reserve, which also contains landscape protection areas , traffic routes and settlements. In Kämkerhorst located within the NSG, the Drömling Information Center Kämkerhorst . In the Lower Saxony part of the Drömling, four nature reserves with a total of 1777 hectares were designated from 1988 to 1991. The Kaiserwinkel nature reserve borders directly on the Böckwitzer-Jahrstedter Drömling and Breitenroder-Oebisfelder Drömling areas, but is not a total reserve. Another nature reserve, the Nördliche Drömling , was designated in November 2019.

Web links

Commons : Ohre-Drömling nature reserve  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Description from the State Administration Office of Saxony-Anhalt , accessed on April 18, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Regulation text (PDF file; 48 kB), accessed on April 18, 2018.
  3. ↑ Map of the area showing the four types of protection zones ( Memento of March 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file), accessed on September 7, 2011
  4. ↑ Press release from the Federal Environment Ministry , accessed on September 7, 2011