Port Moresby

Port Moresby
Downtown
flag
State :	Papua New Guinea
Province :	National Capital District
Founded :	1873
Coordinates :	9 ° 28 ′  S , 147 ° 10 ′  E Coordinates: 9 ° 28 ′  S , 147 ° 10 ′  E
Height :	35  m
Area :	240  km²
Residents :	364,125 (2011)
- Metropolitan area :	National Capital District (2011)
Population density :	1,517 inhabitants per km²
Time zone :	AEST (UTC + 10)
Website :	www.ncdc.gov.pg
Port Moresby

Port Moresby ( Tok Pisin : Pot Mosbi ) is the capital of Papua New Guinea . As one of the few metropolises in Oceania , the city has a population of more than 360,000 (as of 2011), not counting illegal slums around the city.

location

The port city of Port Moresby is located in the southeastern part of the island of New Guinea on the south coast of the Coral Sea . The city is located on a sheltered bay and has thus become a preferred anchorage for shipping. Port Moresby does not belong to any of the 19 provinces of Papua New Guinea, but has its own administrative status as a National Capital District (German National Capital District ).

climate

The climatic conditions of the city of Port Moresby are influenced by its geographical location in the equatorial zone of the tropics and the topography of the hinterland; the city is "in the shadow" of the Owen Stanley Mountains . The two wind systems, Passat and Monsoon , transport large amounts of water to Papua New Guinea; they cause precipitation amounts of up to over 5000 mm in the center of the island of New Guinea . There the clouds rain down, so that Port Moresby is relatively dry with an annual rainfall of 1250 mm for the region of Papua New Guinea. The humidity is generally between 70 and 85%.

The weather is determined by two prevailing wind currents: the southeast trade wind blows from May to October and the northwest monsoon from around December to March. Cyclones and hurricanes typical of the tropics occur relatively rarely in this area, and thunderstorms are frequent in the mountains. The mountainous location also protects the port from the severe storms that hit the western coastal regions.

Port Moresby
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     184   32 23     193   32 23     212   31 23     137   31 23     72   31 23     48   30th 22nd     26th   30th 22nd     31   30th 22nd     33   30th 22nd     37   31 23     67   32 23     130   32 23 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: wetterkontor.de

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Port Moresby Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 31.8 31.5 31.4 31.0 30.8 30.1 29.7 29.9 30.4 31.3 32.1 32.2 O 31 Min. Temperature (° C) 23.1 23.0 22.9 22.7 22.8 22.1 21.7 22.0 22.3 22.8 22.8 23.1 O 22.6 Precipitation ( mm ) 184 193 212 137 72 48 26th 31 33 37 67 130 Σ 1,170 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 5.9 5.6 5.9 6.7 6.8 6.7 6.5 7.2 7.1 7.5 8.1 7.0 O 6.8 Rainy days ( d ) 15th 14th 14th 10 8th 4th 4th 3 4th 4th 6th 9 Σ 95 Water temperature (° C) 29 29 29 29 28 27 26th 26th 27 28 28 29 O 27.9 Humidity ( % ) 79 81 81 82 81 79 77 76 76 76 75 77 O 78.3 Source: wetterkontor.de

Urban division and urbanization

The original urban settlement was built on a narrow, mountainous headland on the coast. It reached inland as far as Tuabuga Hill and bordered the waterfront to the north. All government and administrative buildings as well as the homes of European immigrants and Australian administrative officials were initially concentrated in this area. The majority of the locals lived in simple dwellings in the rural suburbs on the other side of the mountain. Since independence, the city began to grow enormously with the influx of rural communities. The government decreed the formation of the National Capital District, this is 240 km² and has a special status. The first suburban settlements emerged on the Hubert Murray Highway , the main road to the airfield, and were given the (provisional) place names for distances to the city center - "Three Mile", "Four Mile" and "Six Mile". New settlements were constantly emerging and neighboring villages were incorporated. The government authorities and the city administration also needed extensions, commercial establishments, shopping centers and a diplomatic quarter. Sports facilities and the university are spread across the entire city. The new districts are named: Badili, Boroko, Erima, Gabutu, Gerehu, Gordons, Gordons North, Hohola, Hohola North, Kaevaga, Kaugere, Kila, Koki, Konedobu, Korobosea, Matirogo, Morata, Newtown, Sabama, Saraga, Tokarara and Waigani.

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  In the city center - called "The Town"

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  In the Koki district

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  Hanuabada poor district

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  The beach "Ela Beach"

Transport links

Road links

Port Moresby is the state capital and administrative center of the Central Province. The road network within the province is relatively well developed. There is a network of bus routes within the urban area; Taxis and private car rental companies offer their services. Small trucks known as PMV (Public Motor Vehicles) are preferred by the rural population.

The topography and the tropical climate of the country prevent the construction of connecting roads and railway lines to the cities beyond the central high mountains.

air traffic

Jackson's International Airport

As early as the 1930s, a dense network of airlines with small aircraft emerged in the part administered by Australia. During the fighting of the Second World War , military airfields were built on all of the larger islands , some of which can still be used today. In the 1970s, they enabled foreign mining companies to advance rapidly into even the most remote mountain regions and were still profitable. As early as the 1950s, several airlines emerged that now earn their main income from transporting tourists. The Air Niugini is the largest airline in the country and works with the Australian Qantas Airways together. Other private airlines are Bougair, Douglas Airways, Panga Airways and Talair. The main airfield in the country is Jacksons International Airport .

shipping

View of the commercial port with the container terminal

The port of Port Moresby was built around 1890. It consists of four zones, has a modern container terminal to supply the country with economic goods and is also an anchorage for tourist ships. The so-called Napa-Napa ferries operate in the second zone. The marina is in the third zone , and the fourth zone, the naval base, follows in a closed part of the harbor to the north. The navy takes on the role of coast guard here .

The city's shallow, coastal waters are criss-crossed by coral reefs , which make shipping considerably more difficult. Another well-known obstacle near the port is the wreck of the Australian freighter Mac Dhui , which was sunk by the Japanese on June 8, 1942 in a battle in front of the port entrance.

Footpaths and hiking trails

The Kokoda Track , which locals have long used to get north from Port Moresby, is now one of the country's greatest attractions for adventure tourists.

history

The indigenous people of the Motu lives in the area around Port Moresby since about 2000 years.

The British explorer John Moresby recognized in 1873 the advantage that the local harbor bay offered. As the UK the country in 1884 to Protectorate British New Guinea declared ( British New Guinea ), named after John Moresby city was capital of the country.

A Japanese conquest was prevented by the Allies in the Battle of the Coral Sea .

In November 2018, the summit of the business community Apec took place in the city . On the occasion of this event, the cruise ships Pacific Jewel and Pacific Explorer as well as the warship USS Green Bay came to the port of the city and a Chinese head of state visited Papua New Guinea for the first time.

Social problems

As a result of great rural exodus , Port Moresby's population has doubled over the past twenty years and many illegal settlements have sprung up. In 1971 the city only had 80,000 inhabitants. The city's progress and wealth attract many young rural residents to seek their fortune here. The rapid growth has been accompanied by a very high crime rate , and police corruption is also a major problem. In 2003, after a series of extremely brutal crimes and clashes between members of different tribes in a suburban slum, the Tete Settlement, the city's police chief demanded the immediate evacuation of the slum and the sending of young unemployed people back to their home villages.

According to a 2018 ranking by the Economist Intelligence Unit , Port Moresby ranks 136th worldwide in terms of quality of life among the 140 cities examined.

Town twinning

Port Moresby has partnerships with the following cities (the year of establishment in brackets):

Jinan , Shandong Province in the People's Republic of China (1988)

Townsville in Queensland , Australia (1983)

Palm Desert ( California , USA )

City friendship:

Jayapura , Papua Province in Indonesia

Education and Research

Training of dentists on a hospital ship of the US Pacific Fleet

International naval units stationed in Port Moresby support the government's educational initiatives

A large part of the rural population is not literate ; this is especially true for women. The schools in the capital are traditionally church-run. The school system is aligned with the English education system; there are private schools and public schools.

The University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) was founded in 1965 and belongs to the group of Commonwealth Universities . It is the highest ranking educational institution in Papua New Guinea and the first university in Oceania . It is located on the northern outskirts of Port Moresby. There are currently around 15,000 students attending the school; it has 13 faculties and institutes.

The medical educational institutions receive important support from international naval units stationed in the port. In Port Moresby, for example, there is a regular hospital ship of the US Pacific Fleet, which enables local doctors and nurses to be trained in modern technology on board.

There are other national and international research institutes in the city. These include the NRI (National Research Institute of Papua New Guinea). It was founded in 1961 as a branch of the Australian National University and focuses on questions relating to the country's economic, political and social development.

Buildings

• Sir John Guise Stadium

Web links

Commons : Port Moresby  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of Port Moresby (English)
• Port Moresby City Council website (English, business-oriented information site)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Heiner Wesemann: Papua New Guinea, Culture - Landscape . In: DuMont documents . DuMont Buchverlag, Cologne 1985, ISBN 3-7701-1322-5 , Climate and Climate Zones, p. 16-18 .
2. ↑ Heiner Wesemann: Papua New Guinea . 1994, ISBN 3-7701-1322-5 , Port Moresby, pp. 199-203 .
3. ↑ A road connection from Port Moresby to Lae has been planned for a long time (among other things as part of Japanese development aid ), but does not seem to be implemented in the near future.
4. ↑ Heiner Wesemann: Papua New Guinea . 1994, ISBN 3-7701-1322-5 , Flugverbindungen, p. 315 .
5. ↑ Heiner Wesemann: Papua New Guinea . 1994, ISBN 3-7701-1322-5 , Verkehr- und Wirtschaft, S. 195-199 .
6. ↑ US Map Service, Maps of New Guinea, TK250, sheet SC 55-7 (Port Moresby). In: University of Texas at Austin, map collection. Retrieved September 3, 2010 . 
7. ^ John Moresby: A Record of Life and Service in the British Navy for a Hundred Years , Murray, London 1909
8. ↑ Till Fähnders: 40 Maseratis, Bastskirts und bitter poverty, in: FAZ No. 268, November 17, 2018, p. 5.
9. ↑ Till Fähnders: 40 Maseratis, Bastskirts und bitter poverty, in: FAZ No. 268, November 17, 2018, p. 5.
10. ^ "Economist" ranking: The world's most livable cities from August 14, 2018, accessed on August 14, 2018
11. ^ Papua New Guinea, HDI Rank -148. (No longer available online.) In: Human Development Report 2009 (United Nations subsidiary). Archived from the original on April 29, 2009 ; Retrieved September 3, 2010 . 
12. ↑ Noble Traditions and Christian Principles. In: Website of the organization KIRCHE IN NOT. Retrieved September 3, 2010 . 
13. ^ The premier University of the Pacific. In: Website of the State University of Papua New Guinea. Retrieved September 3, 2010 . 
14. ^ Aboard USNS Mercy (T-AH-19). In: US Navy picture series, Pacific Fleet. Retrieved September 3, 2010 . 
15. ↑ About us (home page). (No longer available online.) In: Website of the NRI of Papua New Guinea. Archived from the original on August 11, 2010 ; accessed on September 3, 2010 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.