Pruszcz Gdański
| Pruszcz Gdański | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Gdańsk | ||
| Area : | 16.47 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 16 ′ N , 18 ° 39 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 31,135 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 83-000, 83-004, 83-005 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GDA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 1 ( European route 75 ): Danzig - Cieszyn / Czech Republic | ||
| S 6 ( European route 28 ): Pruszcz Gdański– Stettin | |||
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Extension 226 : Przejazdowo – Horniki Extension 227 : Pruszcz Gdański – Wocławy |
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| Rail route : | PKP - Route 9: Warsaw-Gdansk | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Surface: | 16.47 km² | ||
| Residents: | 31,135 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 1890 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 2204011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2014) | |||
| Mayor : | Janusz Wróbel | ||
| Address: | ul.Grunwaldzka 20 83-000 Pruszcz Gdański |
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| Website : | www.pruszcz-gdanski.pl | ||
Pruszcz Gdański ( German Praust ) is a city in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the Powiat Gdański ( Powiat Danzig ).
location
The city is located in the south of the so-called Tricity with the centers of Gdańsk ( Danzig ), Gdynia ( Gdingen ) and Sopot ( Sopot ) in the former West Prussia . In the north of the city there is Gdansk, whose city center is about ten kilometers north. The Gdansk Bay is located about 14 kilometers northeast of the city.
Place name
The first written mention of the place was as Prust . The meaning is not certain. One interpretation is the derivation from Prussia , but the derivation from the word Propstei is also possible. Other name versions were Pruszy (1315), Prust (1438), Pruscz (1504), Praust (1576) and Pruszcz (1583). The name Pruszcz was used in the Polish administration until the end of the 18th century. When the place came to Prussia in 1772, the German name Praust was reintroduced as the official name . After the Second World War and the expulsion of the German population , the city was given its Polish name Pruszcz again , with the addition of Gdański since 1951 .
history
The first documented reference as Prust to today's Pruszcz Gdański comes from the year 1315. From 1348 to 1354 a canal was built from the Radaune river to Gdańsk, which primarily served the drinking water supply. In 1367 the place was raised to a full settlement by the Teutonic Order. The place developed well, not least because of its proximity to Gdansk. When the cities of the Prussian Confederation split off from the Teutonic Order and voluntarily submitted to the Crown of Poland, which led to a preliminary division of Prussia, Praust came to the autonomous Prussian royal share in 1454 .
On the occasion of the establishment of the Union of Lublin on the Lublin Sejm , King Sigismund II unilaterally terminated the autonomy of West Prussia on March 16, 1569 under threat of severe penalties, which is why the sovereignty of the Polish king in this now only partially autonomous part of the former territory of the Teutonic order from 1569 to 1772 was primarily perceived as foreign rule.
As part of the first Polish division in 1772, the city came to the Kingdom of Prussia , from 1818 as part of the district of Danzig . The upswing of the community continued in the 19th century. Among other things, a hospital, a school and a sugar factory were built. Furthermore, in 1852 Praust was connected to the rail network from Danzig to Dirschau ( Tczew ). In 1887 Praust moved to the new district of Danziger Höhe . At the beginning of the 20th century Praust had a Protestant church, a bacteriological institute of the West Prussian Chamber of Agriculture and a dairy school.
With the forced formation of the Free City of Danzig under the provisions of the Versailles Treaty after the First World War , Praust became part of it in 1920. After the invasion of Poland in 1939, the community was assigned to the newly formed Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia of the German Reich . On April 1, 1942, Praust became a district of Gdańsk. In the city, three branches of the Stutthof concentration camp were set up, one at the airport, one at the train station and one in the sugar factory.
Towards the end of World War II , Praust was occupied by the Red Army in March 1945 . In the summer of 1945 Praust was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power . As far as the residents had not fled, they were in the aftermath of Pruszcz sold . Pruszcz became an independent city and was no longer part of the city of Gdańsk.
In 1951 the place was given the addition of Gdański . In 1975, as part of a general administrative reform, the city lost the seat of the powiat, but received it again in a new reform in 1999.
Population development until 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 270 | |
| 1852 | 1,485 | |
| 1864 | 1,666 | on December 3rd |
| 1875 | 1,762 | |
| 1880 | 2.135 | |
| 1905 | 2,811 | 1,068 Catholics and 38 Jews |
| 1929 | 3,878 |
Population development since 1945
| year | 1945 | 2007 |
|---|---|---|
| population | 5,000 | 24,656 |
church
The church, which was probably founded at the time of the Teutonic Order , has a cruciform floor plan and a square west tower with an octagonal pointed roof. A brick spiral staircase, which runs in a separate stair tower, leads through the walls of the church to the bell stalls. The presence of this annex indicates the church's medieval origins.
The population of Praust had joined the Reformation . After the Reformation, the church is said to have been handed over by Franciscan monks to the city council of Danzig, which then exercised the patronage over it. In 1728 the church received an organ that was built by the organ builder Andreas Hildebrand from Danzig and whose sonority was particularly praised. In 1831 the church was completely renovated.
The names of the Protestant pastors of the local church have been known since 1578 and completely without gaps since 1587. With the formation of the Evangelical Church in the Royal Prussian Lands from 1817, the parish belonged to its regional structures, which changed over time. The majority of the inhabitants of Praust who were present before 1945 belonged to the Protestant creed.
politics
Mayor of the city is (2007) Janusz Wróbel . His deputies are Andrzej Szymański and Ryszard Świlski . The city is divided into four electoral districts ( okręg ).
Town twinning
Since April 2012 there has been a town partnership with Hofheim am Taunus in Germany.
coat of arms
The city's coat of arms shows a gold P and a gold lion on a red background . The P stands for the name of the city and fits both the German name Praust and the Polish Pruszcz . The golden lion is slightly modified from one of the lions of the city of Gdansk.
Rural Commune of Pruszcz Gdański
The rural community of Pruszcz Gdański, to which the town itself does not belong, covers an area of 142.56 km² and has 30,782 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Pruszcz Gdański is located on the European route 75 , which leads from Gdansk via Łódź to Bielsko-Biała in Poland . Expressway 6 ( Droga ekspresowa 6 ) runs along the edge of the city . The provincial road 226 ( droga wojewódzka ) passes through the town, and the provincial road 227 starts in Pruszcz Gdański.
The railway line from Gdańsk to Tczew runs through the city . Until 1994 (passenger traffic) and until 2002 (goods traffic) there was a railway line from Pruszcz Gdański via Kartuzy and Lębork to Łeba .
The Lech Walesa Airport Gdansk , about 15 kilometers north of the city.
Personalities
- Walter Bruno Iltz (* 1886 in Praust, † 1965), theater director, director and actor
- Otto Rathke (* 1898 in Praust, † 1922), sentenced to death for robbery and murder
- Hans-Lothar Thiel (* 1920 in Praust, † 2002), ophthalmologist.
Web links
- City website (Polish)
- Website about the city u. a. with historical pictures (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 .
- ^ A. Reusch: West Prussia under Polish scepter. Ceremonial speech given at the Elbinger Gymnasium on 13th Spt. 1872 . In: Altpreußieche Monatsschrift , NF, Volume 10, Königsberg 1873, pp. 140–154, especially p. 146 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 ff .
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 16, Leipzig and Vienna 1908, p. 269.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated August 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 4: P – S , Halle 1823, p. 77, item 2754.
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 482.
- ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: Results of the property and trade tax assessment in the administrative district of Danzig . Danzig 1867. See: 2. Kreis Danzig (Landkreis) , pp. 1–43 , in particular p. 18, item 2127.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. dan_danzig.html # ew29danzpraust. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.katins.com/praust/geschichte/wappen.asp , for 2007: Główny Urząd Statystyczny, "LUDNOŚĆ - STAN I STRUKTURA W PRZEKROJU TERYTORIALNYM", as of June 30, 2007 ( Memento from February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b c E. Gebauer: The church in Praust near Danzig . Prussian Provincial Papers. Volume VII, Königsberg 1855, pp. 139-143 ( online )
- ↑ The parish belonged from 1817 to 1883 and 1886 to 1923 to the ecclesiastical province of West Prussia with its seat in Danzig, from 1832 to 1886 to the ecclesiastical province of Prussia with its seat in Königsberg in Prussia, from 1923 to 1940 to the state synodal association of the Free City of Danzig and from 1940 to 1945 to the ecclesiastical area of Danzig -West Prussia , the latter both based in Gdansk.
Municipality: Pruszcz Gdański (Praust) . Rural parishes : Cedry Wielkie (Groß Zünder) | Kolbudy (Ober Kahlbude) | Pruszcz Gdański (Praust) | Przywidz (Mariensee) | Pszczółki (Hohenstein) | Suchy Dąb (Zugdam) | Trąbki Wielkie (Great Hitchhiking) .