Roy Jay Glauber

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Glauber at the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting 2012

Roy Jay Glauber (born September 1, 1925 in New York , NY , USA - † December 26, 2018 ) was an American physicist . He was Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics at Harvard University and received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2005 .

Life

Glauber graduated from high school in New York as one of the first at the Bronx High School of Science , founded in 1939 , a famous elite public school. In 1940 he won a science award for students at the Westinghouse Corporation for photos he shot through self-made telescopes and spectroscopes, and in 1939 he also won awards for his self-made spectroscopes. He was also active in the 1930s in Dorothy Bennett's "Junior Astronomy Club", which was affiliated with the New York Planetarium. After graduating from school in 1941, he studied at Harvard University.

During World War II he worked in the theoretical department of the Manhattan Project , where he dealt with the more precise calculation of critical masses. He did his Bachelor of Science at Harvard in 1946 and received his doctorate in 1949 under Julian Schwinger on a topic of quantum field theory . He then worked at the Institute for Advanced Study and in Zurich with Wolfgang Pauli , before receiving his first teaching position at Caltech in Pasadena through Robert Oppenheimer's agency, on behalf of Richard Feynman , who went to Brazil for a year . His interest in scattering theory awoke while working in the local research group led by Linus Pauling . From the end of the 1950s he began to focus increasingly on the physics of the newly developed masers and lasers .

From 1976 he was a professor at Harvard University and from 1988 professor of the optical faculty at the University of Arizona . During his career, Glauber was, among other things, visiting professor and professor at CERN , the University of Leiden and the Collège de France in Paris .

He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences from 1961 and of the National Academy of Sciences from 1988 . In 2012 he was elected an external member of the Academia Europaea .

Glauber married in 1960 and had two children. He died in late 2018 at the age of 93.

Act

Roy Jay Glauber conducted research in the field of quantum optics . Among other things, he researched the physics of coherent radiation , where he developed a formula for coherent states , which are also called Glauber states in his honor. He also dealt with the scattering of high-energy particles, e.g. B. of hadrons on nuclei, where the wavelength of the scattered particles is smaller than the range of the interaction, similar to diffraction phenomena in optics, only with the inclusion of inelastic scattering (Glauber theory).

In 2005 he received half of the Nobel Prize in Physics , while the other half went to John L. Hall and Theodor W. Hänsch . In 1996 he received the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics .

Publications

  • Quantum Theory of Optical Coherence: Selected Papers and Lectures. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2007. ISBN 978-3527406876 .
  • The Quantum Theory of Optical Coherence. Phys. Rev. 130: 2529-2539 (1963).
  • Theory of high energy hadron-nucleus collisions. 3rd International Conference of High Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure 1969. p. 207.

Film participation

As a contemporary witness about the Manhattan Project immediately before August 1945 in the documentary by Lucy van Beek: Hiroshima: The real History . GB, 2015, 95 min, Brook Lapping Productions.

literature

Web links

Commons : Roy J. Glauber  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inspire: Glauber's papers signed with CERN as affiliation . CERN. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  2. ↑ In Memoriam: Roy J. Glauber, 1925–2018. The Optical Society (OSA), December 26, 2018, accessed December 28, 2018 .
  3. ^ Roy J. Glauber. National Academy of Sciences, accessed December 30, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Glauber, Roy Jay
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Glauber, Roy J.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physicist and Nobel Prize winner
DATE OF BIRTH September 1, 1925
PLACE OF BIRTH New York , NY
DATE OF DEATH December 26, 2018