Schönfeld (Lübbenau / Spreewald)

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Coordinates: 51 ° 48 ′ 59 ″  N , 13 ° 54 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 60 m above sea level NN
Residents : 63  (Jul 17, 2017)
Incorporation : May 1st 1974
Incorporated into: Kittlitz
Postal code : 03222
Area code : 03542
The devastated Schönfeld on a measuring table from 1916, north of today's Schönfeld (Hänchen)
The devastated Schönfeld on a measuring table from 1916, north of today's Schönfeld (Hänchen)
Northern entrance to Schönfeld

The original town of Schönfeld , Tłukom in Lower Sorbian , was devastated in 1975 in favor of the Seese-West open-cast lignite mine and 119 inhabitants had to be resettled. Today's Schönfeld is part of the municipality of Kittlitz , a district of the city of Lübbenau / Spreewald in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district . It used to be called Hänchen , Hagnow in Lower Sorbian , was incorporated into Schönfeld in 1928 and later called Schönfeld Nord . Today the place is only called Schönfeld .

location

Schönfeld is located in Niederlausitz , about seven kilometers south of Lübbenau and nine kilometers northwest of Calau . Surrounding villages are Groß Beuchow in the north, Kittlitz in the northeast, Bischdorf in the southeast, the Calau districts Bathow in the south and Zinnitz in the southwest and Lichtenau in the northwest.

Schönfeld is located in the middle of the recultivated open-cast mining area. During the lignite mining, the village lay between the opencast mines Schlabendorf-Nord in the west and Seese-West-Ost in the east. Today Schönfeld borders on the Schönfelder See , named after the village , which was created between 1997 and 2008 when the remaining hole in the Seese-West opencast mine was flooded . The Dobra , a tributary of the Spree, flows west of Schönfeld .

To the west, the federal motorway 13 runs past Schönfeld, the nearest junction, Kittlitz, is two kilometers away. The district road 6630 leads into the village, which turns into a municipal road at the southern exit of the village.

history

Schönfeld

Schönfeld was first mentioned in 1346 in the church articles of the Meissen diocese as "Schonfelt". The place name means "village on a beautiful field". However, the village was settled much earlier, which is evidence of broken fragments from the Neolithic Age . Schönfeld was laid out as a street green village. The village church of Schönfeld was on the village green. This was built as a field stone building in the late Middle Ages . When the church was demolished in 1975, wall paintings from around 1500 were discovered under the layers of limestone. In addition, the remains of floor plans of at least two previous churches were found during excavations, which can be dated to the late Slavic period.

In the Meißner diocese articles from 1346/1495 Schönfeld is referred to as the parish of the archpriest's chair in Calau . In 1460 the von Köckritz brothers were enfeoffed with the Seese Castle , the Schönfeld farm and other villages. In 1524 the brothers sold the village to the rule of Lübbenau , which has since formed an exclave . Viticulture was practiced in the vicinity of Schönfeld until around the middle of the 19th century .

From 1757 at the latest, a windmill was recorded in Schönfeld . This was in operation until after 1941. After the separation in the 19th century, the Schönfeld estates expanded to 365 hectares of land, whereby only 121 hectares were peasant property. There were also 42 hectares of parish, 33 hectares of fish ponds and 175 hectares of forest . After the Soviet land reform in 1945 , farms with 6 hectares of land and 2 hectares of forest were created in Schönfeld. In 1952 the first three new farmers merged to form an agricultural production cooperative. From 1960 onwards, all farms were combined in the “Frohe Zukunft” LPG. This merged in 1966 with the Hänchener LPG "Glückauf".

As a result of the lignite mining in Niederlausitz in the 1960s and 1970s, the neighboring villages of Kückebusch , Seese , Tornow and Vorberg as well as the original location of Schönfeld were devastated in favor of the Seese-West and Schlabendorf-Nord opencast mines . The hamlet of Hänchen, which then belonged to the community of Schönfeld, was then renamed Schönfeld Nord .

Hänchen / Schönfeld North

Hänchen was first mentioned in a document in 1425 in the Lübbenau city accounts as "Hayno". The place name comes from the Sorbian and means "place at the small grove". According to a land map from 1823, the 298 hectare area of ​​Hänchen was cultivated as strip land. After the separation, the 13 farmers had to cede half of their land to the manor. This owned about 173 hectares of land. After the formation of manor districts , Hänchen was assigned to the manor district of Kittlitz.

After the estate districts were dissolved on September 30, 1928, the north and east of the district came to the newly formed municipality of Kittlitz . The southern part was assigned to the municipality of Tornow and the place itself was incorporated into Schönfeld. In 1960 the farmers of the village joined forces to form the "Glückauf" agricultural production cooperative. This was later merged with Schönfelder LPG.

Administrative affiliation

After the Congress of Vienna Schönfeld came to the Kingdom of Prussia together with the entire Lower Lusatia . In 1950 Schönfeld was first incorporated into the Lübben district and two years later into the newly formed Calau district. On May 1, 1974, Schönfeld was incorporated into the municipality of Kittlitz , which in turn was incorporated into the city of Lübbenau / Spreewald on October 26, 2003 together with nine other previously independent municipalities .

Population development

Schönfeld

Population development in Schönfeld from 1875 to 1971
year Residents year Residents
1875 178 1890 148
1910 155 1925 142
1933 202 1939 201
1946 287 1950 273
1964 201 1971 181

Chicken

Population development in Hänchen from 1875 to 1925
year Residents year Residents
1875 79 1910 81
1890 101 1925 68

See also

literature

  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 , pp. 366–367
  • Documentation of relocations due to mining , archive of lost places, Forst / Horno, 2010.

Web links

proof

  1. ↑ Arnost Muka : Serbski zemjepisny słowničk. Budyšin, 1927, p. 70 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Lübbenau official plan, Euroverlag, Chemnitz and Cottbus, 1998.
  3. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 154 .
  4. ^ A b Heinz-Dieter Krausch : Burger and Lübbenauer Spreewald: Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Burg and Lübbenau . Akademie-Verlag, 1981, p. 113-115 .
  5. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 73 .
  6. ↑ Heinz-Dieter Krausch: Burger and Lübbenauer Spreewald: Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Burg and Lübbenau . Akademie-Verlag, 1981, p. 113 .
  7. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see Link 2003
  8. ↑ a b Historical municipality directory of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 kB) District Oberspreewald-Lausitz. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on March 5, 2017 .