terra mineralia

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Castle courtyard with the entrance to the terra mineralia
Treasury of the terra mineralia: Step with calcite , sphalerite and fluorite
Location: Elmwood (Tennessee)
Freudenstein palace complex before reconstruction
Freudenstein castle gate during the topping-out ceremony in April 2007
Amtshaus (Krügerhaus): Mineralogical collection of Germany

The terra mineralia is a mineral exhibition in Freudenstein Castle in Freiberg . The exhibits - minerals, gemstones and meteorites from around the world - in 2004 by Erika Pohl-Ströher the Technical University of Freiberg as a permanent loan left. The terra mineralia was opened in October 2008 and is one of the largest mineral exhibitions in the world with over 3500 exhibits.

Pohl-Ströher Collection

The mineral collection of around eighty thousand exhibits from the German-Swiss entrepreneur Erika Pohl-Ströher, who comes from the Ore Mountains , was given on 30 June 2004 by way of a contract with the Bergakademie Freiberg as a permanent loan. The contract was preceded by the establishment of the Pohl-Ströher-Mineralienstiftung in 2004 in Switzerland. Part of the contract that was signed with the rector of the Bergakademie Georg Unland was the requirement to make part of the private collection accessible to the public.

The collection, which Erika Pohl-Ströher has collected over the course of more than 60 years, primarily based on aesthetic and regional aspects, should also retain its character in the Freiberg exhibition. The first showpieces from the collection arrived in Freiberg in January 2004. For the presentation of the architecture competition in the Nikolaikirche in February 2005, further large stages were made available by the foundation. In the following years, exhibitions were designed in Freiberg on various regional thematic focuses, which were intended to give an impression of the future mineral exhibition in Freudenberg Castle.

For her commitment and the transfer of the collection, Erika Pohl-Ströher was awarded the Saxon Order of Merit on November 17, 2005 and as Honorary Senator of the Freiberg Mining Academy on November 18 .

Building history

After Erika Pohl-Ströher expressed the wish in November 2002 to leave her extensive and valuable mineral collection to a museum, a suitable object was first sought that could accommodate and present the extensive collection. On the initiative of Georg Unland , the then rector of the TU Bergakademie Freiberg, the dilapidated Freudenstein Castle in the city center of Freiberg was suggested as a possible exhibition location. As early as 1765, the building was considered as the seat of the Mining Academy's mineral collection, which had just been founded. The plan had to be discarded at the time because the necessary money for the renovation could not be raised.

In December 2003, Freudenstein Castle was bought by the city of Freiberg, and on December 16 of the same year the Saxon cabinet announced that the money would be needed for the renovation. On July 1, 2004, the foundation stone was laid for the first phase of the renovation work, which initially included the gutting and construction work on the narrow house , the round tower , the new house and the gatehouse . This construction phase was completed in autumn 2005.

In August 2004, an international architecture competition was announced in which 600 applicants took part. In January 2005, the first prize was awarded to the Berlin architects AFF. 75% of the renovation costs of 35 million euros were covered by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) .

In March 2006, the second construction phase began, which included the renovation and redesign of the Long House and the church wing . Parallel to the construction work, the exhibition concept was created under the direction of Professor Gerhard Heide and the logistically complicated move of the collection from Switzerland was prepared. Part of the collection was initially stored in the empty, former physics institute of the Bergakademie in the immediate vicinity of Freudenstein Castle. The first exhibitions, which presented part of the Pohl-Ströher collection in Freiberg, were presented in 2005 and 2006 in the castle cellar, in the Wernerbau and in the main building of the Bergakademie Freiberg. In spring 2005, the Bergakademie called for an ideas competition to find an exhibition name and logo. 101 applications were received for this competition. The jury decided on the name terra mineralia and the logo of Béatrice Oesterreich and Jens Rother.

On March 5, 2008, the first exhibit was installed in the meteorite room, eight polished rock slabs from an impactite from South Africa.

In May 2008, the referring Mining Archives of the Saxon State Archives premises at Freudenstein Castle. The terra mineralia mineral exhibition with 140 showcases opened on October 20, 2008 .

Since the reconstruction of the former office building on Freiberg Schlossplatz by the Dr. Erich Krüger Foundation, the “Mineralogical Collection Germany” has been exhibited in the Krügerhaus from October 5, 2012. The Saxon minerals, including silver specimens from the Ore Mountains, are shown on the ground floor . The two upper floors house exhibits from the most famous sites in Germany.

Concept of the exhibition and building up the collection

Wernerite (fluorescent)
Site: Grenville (Canada)
Pyromorphite
site: Daoping Mine (China)
Anglesite
Find Spot: Touissit (Morocco)
Heliodor
found in: Khoroshiw (Ukraine)
Charoite , honed (detail)
Malachite specimen from the Congo in the treasury

In contrast to the Mineralogical Teaching and Research Collection of the Bergakademie Freiberg, which was founded by Friedrich Anton von Heinitz and Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppel and decisively built up by Abraham Gottlob Werner , the exhibition concept of the terra mineralia does not follow the general structure according to the mineralogical system .

The exhibition concept creatively implements the idea of ​​a “mineralogical world tour”.

In Freudenstein Castle is a total of 3000 m 2 in addition to the exhibition rooms in the Long House also a depot in New Building housed for over 75,000 mineral specimens, which serves the teaching and research. Another focus of the exhibition concept is the interactive laboratory “Research Trip”, in which schoolchildren in particular are taught the basics of mineralogical and geological sciences .

The 1500 m 2 exhibition rooms at terra mineralia in the Long House of Freudenstein Castle differ in terms of content and design. The terra mineralia exhibition rooms are continent-oriented. In order to make the mineral levels more effective, all rooms are darkened.

Didactically , the tour of the exhibition begins on a viewing platform on the top floor of the Long House with an interactive research trip and an oversized map showing all the mineral sites of the terra mineralia exhibits .

Selected mineral specimens from America are exhibited in the first section . The theme exhibition America has the conceptual motto "Journey into the Light". The end of this department is a separate room in which luminescent , i.e. fluorescent and phosphorescent , minerals are exhibited and stimulated to glow by UV-A and UV-C light. In the America department, unique calcite - fluorite - sphalerite mineral specimens from the Elmwood Mine ( Tennessee ), wulfenite from the Red Cloud Mine ( Arizona ), topazes from Thomas Range ( Utah ), Elbaites from the Himalaya Mine (Mesa Grande , California ) or rhodochrosite from Sweet Home Mine, Colorado . South and Central America has been known for centuries for finding high quality mineral specimens. In addition to world-famous tourmaline grades from Minas Gerais ( Brazil ), terra mineralia also shows exhibits from famous sites such as amethysts from Rio Grande do Sul and Veracruz , the bright raspberry-red rhodonite grades from Mina San Martin ( Peru ) or the bright ones yellow mimetite from the Mina San Pedro ( Chihuahua , Mexico).

Also on the upper floor of the Long House is the Asia department, which is themed “ Gulliver's Travels ”. In the middle of the room there is a large, accessible fluorite druse corridor , which is intended to give a realistic impression of the situation in which the minerals were found. In several showcases and interactive exhibits, basic knowledge of the structure of minerals and crystal chemistry is imparted. In addition to extraordinary mineral specimens from China, exhibits from famous sites from India , Pakistan and Afghanistan take up a large part of this department . For example, outstanding Chinese mineral specimens such as fluorites from Xianghuapu and Huangshaping ( Hunan Province ), bright green colored pyromorphites from Daoping ( Guangxi Autonomous Region ) or unusual gypsum formations from Qinglong ( Guizhou Province ) are shown in this department. The Indian exhibits are mainly of excellent zeolite increments from the province of Maharashtra represented as light green Apophyllite from Pashan Hills , the Cavansit - Stilbit increments from Wagholi (Maharashtra state) or Amethystdrusen with Okeniten from Shirdi. Excellent spodumene ( kunzite ) specimens from the Mawi pegmatite ( Nuristan ) are shown from the famous Afghan sites . Pakistan, known for its excellent gem quality, is represented in the terra mineralia with extraordinary exhibits of aquamarines from the Shigar Valley, Spessartine garnet from Shengus (Province of Baltistan ) or clear, turquoise-blue aquamarines from Nagar (Hunza Valley) . In this room, selected mineral specimens from world-famous sites in Australia , such as crocoite from Dundas Tasmania or precious opals from Queensland , are shown.

The Africa and Europe departments of the collection are located on the lower floor of the Long House , which can be reached via a large Renaissance staircase.

In the Africa department, which was designed under the theme of “time travel”, exhibits and interactive experiments show how the range of applications of certain minerals has changed over the course of history. The African Department shows numerous pieces of evidence from world-famous mineral localities, such as the Anglesite - Wulfenit- and Cerussitkristalle from Touissit and Wulfenites and Vanadinite (Mibladen) from Morocco , from Tsumeb ( Namibia excellent) Mimetesit-, cobalt Smithsonite - Adamin - and Dioptas Stages, from the province of Katanga ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ) excellent malachite stages or from the Northern Cape Province in South Africa pink rhodochrosite.

The last themed room on the lower floor is dedicated to the sites in Europe with Russia . Thematically, this department deals with the “Journey to the Origin of Minerals.” Architecturally - due to the opening to the upper floor - the circle of the “research trip” is conceptually closed, as the interactive map of the location becomes visible again. A small mineralogical library and a laboratory with microscopes should enable visitors to view and analyze their own minerals.

In this section, examples of the famous mineral discovery points from Germany are exhibited. These include the silver specimens from the Erzgebirge discovery sites around Freiberg and Schneeberg , barytes from Pöhla , crystals of the rare organic mineral Whewellite from Hartenstein , the pyromorphites known as "Emser Tönnchen" from Bad Ems or the rhodochrosite from the Wolf mine in Herdorf (Siegerland ). Numerous exhibition stages from world-famous mineral sites form the highlights of the Europe department. Among other things, numerous mineral specimens from Cavnic and Baia Mare (Romania) or the famous pink fluorite specimens from the Aiguille des Pelerins ( Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes , France) and sulfur specimens from Agrigento ( Sicily ) are on display. Exhibits from Russia and the former Soviet republics occupy a large space in this section. High-quality Heliodor crystals from Khoroshiw ( Ukraine ), a large slab of cut Charoites and a selection of steps with calcite, galena , fluorite and quartz from Dalnegorsk are among the extraordinary exhibits in this room.

The highlight of terra mineralia is the “treasure chamber” on the ground floor, which consists of several rooms. In the so-called “vault”, partly processed jewelery and precious stones are exhibited. The main room of the treasury is located in the former castle kitchen. Here, representative large stages are primarily shown in individual showcases. The "Meteorite Room" is dedicated to minerals and rocks that go back to cosmic origins or were created through the action of meteorites . In addition to a collection of tektites ( moldavite , australite , Libyan desert glass ) and various, partially ground meteorites, eight ground impact stone slabs from the Vredefort meteorite crater form the highlight of this small special exhibition .

Trivia

For the inauguration of terra mineralia one was Commemorative Medal in silver and a visitor COIN tin published that the Freudenstein Castle and on the back the logo of the exhibition and the Freiberg and a stylized Galenitstufe pointing to the front.

literature

  • Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg. TU Bergakademie Freiberg (Ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-86012-347-8 .
  • Dr. Erich Krüger Foundation (Hrsg.): Mineralogical Collection Germany. The Kruger House in Freiberg. Ed. Krüger Foundation, Bode Verlag, Salzhemmendorf 2012, ISBN 978-3-86012-442-0 .
  • Stephan Adelung, Manfred Hübner, Thomas Maruschke, Andreas Massanek, Christian Möls, Dirk Sandmann, Rainer Sennewald, Ulrich Thiel: Freiberg - Minerals, Mining & Museums. (Lapis. Extra issue 36). Christian Weise Verlag, Munich 2009, OCLC 605739537 .

Web links

Commons : Terra mineralia (Freiberg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The world's largest mineral exhibition opens in Saxony. on: sz-online.de , September 15, 2008, accessed on July 24, 2013.
  2. ↑ Andreas Massanek: The Pohl Ströher Collection - Jewel in Saxony. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , p. 43.
  3. ↑ Christel Maria-Höppner: Masterpieces bring joy to Freudenstein Castle. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , p. 21.
  4. ↑ AFF Architects: Project presentation Schloss Freudenstein ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 24, 2013.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aff-architekten.com
  5. ↑ Christel Maria-Höppner: Masterpieces bring joy to Freudenstein Castle. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 21, 25.
  6. ↑ "Terra Mineralia" from 2008 at Freudenstein Castle. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. May 7, 2005, accessed on July 24, 2013. (Logo competition for the new mineral exhibition in Freiberg)
  7. ↑ Christel Maria-Höppner: Masterpieces bring joy to Freudenstein Castle. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , p. 31.
  8. ^ TU Freiberg: Opening of terra mineralia , accessed on July 24, 2013.
  9. ↑ Freiberg / Saxony: Krügerhaus officially opened (11/2012). Retrieved July 24, 2009.
  10. ↑ Gerhard Heide: terra mineralia - a unique concept. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 45-50.
  11. ↑ Science Center: Mediation and guided tours for school classes ( Memento of the original from June 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 24, 2013.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.terra-mineralia.de
  12. ↑ Steffen Jahn: Mineralogical treasures - America . In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 152-169.
  13. ↑ Steffen Jahn: Mineralogical treasures - Afghanistan and Pakistan . In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 121-127.
  14. ↑ Steffen Jahn: Mineralogical treasures - Africa . In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg, TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 128-151.
  15. ↑ Gerhard Heide: terra mineralia - a unique concept. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg, TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 48f.
  16. ↑ Steffen Jahn: Mineralogical treasures - Europe. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 64-79.
  17. ↑ Steffen Jahn: Mineralogical treasures - Russia . In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 80-91.
  18. ↑ Gerhard Heide: terra mineralia - a unique concept. In: Gerhard Heide, Christel-Maria Höppner, Steffen Jahn, Andreas Massanek, Uwe Richter: Highlights from the world of minerals - The Pohl-Ströher mineral collection at Freudenstein Castle / Freiberg , TU Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.), Freiberg 2008, ISBN 978 -3-86012-347-8 , pp. 49f.
  19. ↑ 2 new medals from TU Freiberg and Münzfreunde Freiberg ( Memento of the original from January 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 700 kB), accessed on July 24, 2013.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rdb-ev.de


Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 13.6 ″  N , 13 ° 20 ′ 23.9 ″  E