Valdoviño

Valdoviño municipality
Valdoviño and the Laguna de A Frouxeira
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Galicia
Province :	A Coruña
Comarca :	Ferrol
Coordinates	43 ° 36 ′  N , 8 ° 9 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 36 ′  N , 8 ° 9 ′  W
Area :	88.22 km²
Residents :	6,563 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density :	74.39 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	15552
Municipality number  ( INE ):	15087
Nearest airport :	A Coruña
administration
Official language :	Castilian , Galician
Mayor :	José Antonio Vigo Lago PP
Website :	www.concellodevaldovino.com

Valdoviño is a Spanish coastal municipality in northeast Galicia .

The coastline of the municipality extends from the beach of Campelo until the estuary of Cedeira . The municipality's beaches are popular with nature lovers and wave surfers. Frouxeira Lagoon, with its 3.5 km long beach and dunes, is an important ecosystem. It is a resting area for numerous migratory birds and a breeding area for various bird species. Every year since 1988 surfers have met on the beach of Pantín for the international Pantín Classic competition .

Municipal boundary

Neighboring communities Valdoviños are Cedeira in the north , Narón in the south and Cerdido and San Saturnino in the east . In the west the community meets the Atlantic Ocean.

history

Early history

Presumably, in the 4th millennium BC, the first settlers settled in what is now the municipality. A number of burial sites from that time have been found along today's pilgrimage route to St. Andrew .

Numerous remains of fortified small centers, the castros , testify to the importance of the area. The economy was based on a collecting culture combined with simple agriculture with rudimentary tools. The people belonged to the Celtic people of the Artabrer , who at that time formed a political unit in Galicia. The castros of Valdoviño are divided into two geographical areas. In the western plain, the settlements are concentrated near the fertile lowlands. In the higher zone in the east the Castros are more scattered; distributed over the narrow valleys near the coast.

Roman times

The gold, silver and tin deposits promoted the development of the area in Roman times. The profound change encompassed the type and location of settlements and most aspects of social and cultural life. The change is most evident in the village of O Poulo, where the remains of a complex of agricultural and fortified buildings have been preserved alongside those of the primitive previous settlement. From the third to the first century BC, new cities and settlements emerged in the region. For example, Libunca and Adobrica are known. The historian Leandro Saralegui thinks it possible that Adobrica was in what is now Valdoviño; the extensive Roman ruins in O Poulo are an indication. Souto Vizoso points out the numerous finds of Roman coins, bricks, ceramics and jewelry.

In the third and fourth centuries AD, a new, more dispersed form of settlement developed, the villae as family houses for agricultural goods. The settlements were on the slope or in the sunniest locations.

middle Ages

At the beginning of the 12th century the churches of San Mamede and Santa Eulalia were built in the middle of small settlements. Sequeiro, Lourido, Lago, Timiraos, As Neves, Taraza and Valdetires followed a little later. In this medieval era, the population was divided into small towns with their agricultural terraces and fields. The typical village property consisted of a house with a garden. Loira, Crecente, Sequeiro and Frádigas are examples of such villages.

The pilgrimage of Santo André de Teixido was created in the deep religiosity of this time . An infrastructure for pilgrims and traders grew around him. Noble families like Mandiá, Lago, Piñeiro and Andrade ruled another important branch of the economy: fishing. Cistercian monks developed techniques for preserving fish. At the end of the 13th century there was a factory for cutting and salting whale meat in O Porto . From 1369 the rule passed from the noble Traba family to the Andrade.

The foundation of the village of Valdoviño

In 1733 the Spanish royal family took over possession from the Andrade. More than 100 years later, in 1856, the royal family auctioned the Valdoviño lagoon and its surroundings. José Pardo Bazán, father of the writer Emilia Pardo Bazán , bought the property for 91,000 reales . The villages Valdoviño and Pantín emerged, probably not under this name at first. On June 20, 1856, the Valdoviño City Hall was officially established by a bulletin from the Provincial Government in A Coruña. It was based in San Bartolomé de Lourido, in a building that was later rededicated as a prison. Written documents that name a mayor have only come down to us from 1840. The first of these documents is named by José Sanjurjo Montenegro.

The further history of the community proceeded without drastic events until in 1890 a group of traders from A Coruña came to silence the members of the liberal party.

Recent history

Technical and cultural development

Punta Frouxeira lighthouse

The industrial change at the beginning of the 20th century was also reflected in Valdoviño. The automobile appeared; from 1915 it was used for the transport of mail to and from Ferrol . In 1917 the school in Lago was founded with a donation from the Pardo Bazán family of 300 pesetas . In the same year, the Sociedad de Seguros del Ganado was founded in Meirás , which was renamed Sindicato Católico Agrario a year later and in 1940 as Cooperativa de Meirás . It has been granting loans since it was founded, which was not common at that time.

In the late 1920s, a large military defensive position was built near Campelo, with 17-meter-long 38.1 caliber Vickers cannons. A little more than 10 years later these cannons were dismantled, taken to Algeciras , and replaced by flak . From 1930 pyrite containing silver, gold and arsenic was mined in a mine in Valdoviño . A few years later this mining was stopped again.

The community grew and the Puerta del Sol developed into a transport hub. The first three street lamps were installed there in 1942. In the mid-1960s, the first sidewalks were built on Puerta del Sol.

In 1948 the first cinemas opened in Valdoviño. In 1950 the Paraíso opened in Lanzós with a film with Xan das Bolas . The projector got its electricity from a mini hydroelectric power station that the owner had set up nearby. The cinema hall, a former community room, closed in 1963. The resulting gap was closed in 1964 with the opening of the Puerta del Sol . In the 10 years of its existence it was mainly devoted to retrospectives with celebrities of the time such as Pepe Blanco , Pepe Mairena and Antonio Machín . The cinema in the Cooperativa de Meirás was in operation until 1973. The largest cinema in the parish, the Robles , closed for Christmas 1978.

In 1974 the sewage treatment plant at As Forcadas was built, in 1977 the market hall, and in 1994 the culture house and the lighthouse of A Frouxeira.

Political development

When the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed in 1931 , Valdoviño accepted the political realities earlier than other municipalities and adopted the new Republican flag. A meeting took place on April 11 of that year at which this was decided. Local elections were held the following day, and Republican Mayor José López Rodríguez took office on April 15. The writer and later Chilean presidential candidate Augusto D'halmar certified this act. However, the political instability of those years led to the community falling apart . From October to December 1934 there were two parishes, two town halls and two mayors. The provincial governor put an end to this. As a result of the Spanish civil war, the last republican mayor, Frutos Burgos, and his deputy, Reinaldo Sarria Delgado, had to flee. A number of teachers have also been fired.

Even during the years of Franco's dictatorship , the town hall moved several times between the villages of Pazos and Lanzós. In 1966, today's town hall was finally opened. In 1979 Manuel Villarnovo Martínez moved in as the first mayor under the new democratic constitution. In 1995, Elisa Garrido Cantarero was the first woman to be elected mayor of Valdoviños.

Population development

Development from 1900

1900	1930	1950	1981	2004	2007	2010	2011
6.178	8,027	8,477	7,035	6,854	6,978	6,982	6,926

Sub-municipalities

Valdoviños consists of the following sub-municipalities ( Parroquias ):

• Lago (Santiago)
• Loira (San Pedro)
• Meirás (San Vicente)
• Pantin (Santiago)
• San Bartolo (San Bartolo)

• O Sequeiro (Santa María)
• Valdoviño (Santa Eulalia)
• Vilaboa (San Vicente)
• Vilarrube (San Martiño)

Valdoviño in the film

The exterior scenes of the film Death and the Maiden by Roman Polanski were shot at Laguna de A Frouxeira.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
2. ↑ Pantín Classic Galicia , competition website, accessed July 6, 2015
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} Historia de Valdoviño. In: website of the municipality. Retrieved July 12, 2015 . 
4. ^ Livestock Insurance Company
5. ↑ Source: INE
6. ↑ Xosé Manuel Pereiro: Sigourney Weaver rueda con Polanski el trabajo "más interesante" de su carrera , El País , April 30, 1994, accessed on July 7, 2015

Web links

Commons : Valdoviño  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality