Roman Polanski
Roman Raymond Polański (born August 18, 1933 as Raymond Thierry Liebling in Paris ) is a French-Polish film director , film producer , screenwriter and actor . His best-known films include the horror films Tanz der Vampire (1967), in which he himself played the role of Alfred, and Rosemary's Baby (1968), the crime film Chinatown (1974) and the Holocaust film The Pianist (2002), the one with the Golden Palme von Cannes as well as the Oscar for Best Director and Oscar for Best Actor .
Life
Origin and childhood
Roman Polański is the son of Mojżesz Liebling (1903–1984) and his wife Bula Katz-Przedborska (1900–1943). Liebling was of Jewish descent , came from Krakow and went to Paris in the late 1920s. Polański's maternal grandparents, he Jewish and she Catholic, originally came from Russia. They first moved to Poland and later with Bula to Paris. Bula's first marriage, from which she had a daughter named Annette, came to an end through her relationship with Liebling. The two married in autumn 1932. Liebling, who had no livelihood as a painter, earned the family's livelihood by making plastic everyday objects and a job in a record factory. After losing the latter, the family returned to Poland in early 1937 because of their poor economic situation and growing anti-Semitism in France . Polanski himself said of his family: “They were completely assimilated and did not obey any commandments of the Jewish religion”.
The family settled in Krakow . At the beginning of the Second World War , the mother fled with the two children to Warsaw, the father came later. There they saw the beginning of the German occupation , which is why they returned to Krakow, where Polański was able to attend school for a few weeks.
The Liebling family was exposed to the National Socialist persecution of Jews . She had to move into two rooms in an apartment on the market square in Podgórze , which then became part of the Krakow ghetto . Polanski witnessed arbitrary murders there. He could through the barbed wire fence propaganda films of the Wehrmacht view and sometimes leave the ghetto with other children in the short term, which was reduced later to mass deportations. The family was moved and had to share a room with another family and another person with a dog. Shortly afterwards, Polański's mother, four or six months pregnant, was deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp , where she was murdered in 1943. His father survived his imprisonment in the Mauthausen concentration camp . Polański's half-sister and grandmother were also deported.
Polański himself was able to flee the ghetto at dawn on March 13, 1943 and escaped the persecution of Jews in hiding, first for payment with the Catholic Krakow families Wilk and Putek and later with a very poor, anti-Semitic Catholic peasant family in Wysoka , where he called himself Catholic Pole Roman Wilk had to spend. In the fall of 1944 he returned from Wysoka to the Puteks in Krakow. He later said that after the war a Catholic priest urged him to reveal his Jewish ancestry. The experience of the existential threat made him an atheist: "Since that day there has been no more faith for me."
After the Red Army marched into Krakow on January 19, 1945, Polanski initially fought alone. Later he lived briefly with his uncle Stefan's family, who had been hiding in Krakow, then with his uncle Dawid, who had returned from Auschwitz , his wife Teofila and their six-year-old daughter Roma .
Studies and beginnings in Poland
After graduating from high school, Polański began studying art in Krakow. There he met the then film student Andrzej Wajda , who was able to convince him to transfer to the Łódź Film School , where he finally graduated. In 1946 Polański met a radio play director in Krakow and was given a role in a radio play. He made a name for himself as a child actor in Kraków. In 1953, Polański took on a small role in Wajda's exam film Pokolenie ( One Generation ) . Between 1953 and 1960 he played in several films as an actor and made his first short films as a director.
In 1959 he married the then 19-year-old actress Barbara Kwiatkowska , who was one of the young stars of Polish cinema at the time and had played a small role in Polański's short film Two Men and a Closet in 1958. She also played a small role in his other short film When Angels Fallen . The marriage ended in divorce in 1962.
The film The Knife in the Water (1962) then marked his breakthrough as a director. Polański received many awards for his film and was nominated for an Oscar . But he came under pressure from the cultural authorities after party leader Władysław Gomułka had criticized the film as “intellectually flat”. The SB secret police also watched him .
Emigration to Western Europe
In 1963 Polański emigrated from Poland. In the following years he lived in Paris and England.
In England he shot his next films Disgust (1965), When Katelbach Comes ... (1966) and Dance of the Vampires (1967). During the filming of Dance of the Vampires , he and actress Sharon Tate , who starred in the film, became a couple. The two married on January 20, 1968 in London .
Film director career and life in America
He then moved to the United States in the same year , where he lived with his wife and made his highly successful and style-defining film Rosemary's Baby . In August 1969, his heavily pregnant wife and four other people were murdered by supporters of the cult leader Charles Manson . In a state of grief, Polanski gave an interview to Dick Cavett in 1971 , which has been preserved on record. The incident made him feel guilty.
In 1970, Polański's long-time author Gérard Brach described his friendship with Polański in the poetic film Le bateau sur l'herbe . Two years after the death of his wife, he made films again. He made the films Macbeth (1971) and Was? (1972). In 1973 he made the crime film Chinatown with Jack Nicholson in the lead role, which was critically acclaimed and was very successful at the box office. The film was nominated for a total of eleven Academy Awards, but ultimately won only one. It was Polanski's last film made in Hollywood.
Escape and new life in Europe
In 1977 Polański was charged with rape of a minor in Los Angeles (see below). Thereupon he left for London. Shortly afterwards he moved to Paris to avoid extradition by Great Britain; he has been a French citizen since 1975 or 1976. Since then, he has not returned to the United States and also avoided traveling to states where extradition was to be feared.
He has been married to actress Emmanuelle Seigner since 1989 . The couple has two children: Morgane (* 1993) and Elvis (* 1998), both of whom work as actors.
For the first time since leaving his home country, he made a film in Poland in 2001: The Pianist . In the same year he took on a role in Andrzej Wajda's film adaptation of Aleksander Fredro's classic comedy Die Rache . He had remained friends with Wajda over the years.
He currently lives in Paris , France.
Rape charge
Proceedings in the United States
In 1977, in Los Angeles, Polański was charged with "rape using narcotic drugs" of Samantha Jane Gailey, then 13 years old (after she married Geimer). The charges totaled six. The process took place with great public sympathy. In order to protect the minor, her lawyer suggested an understanding in criminal proceedings ( plea bargain ) so that she did not have to testify publicly in court. The prosecutor agreed, as did Polanski's defense lawyer; the charge was thus reduced to “extramarital sex with a minor”; as part of this understanding, Polanski pleaded guilty. Due to the age of the victim, a psychiatric evaluation of the perpetrator was required by law, for which Polański was sent to the state prison for 90 days. After 42 days, he was released early with the recommendation to impose a suspended sentence.
When it became clear that the judge responsible would not abide by the agreement, Polański fled to London and then lived in France. Since then, he has avoided traveling to the USA and countries where extradition is to be expected.
Application for a suspension of proceedings, arrest and release
In 2008, the director Marina Zenovich discussed in her documentary Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired (2008) a possible bias of the judge towards Polański. Polański's lawyers then applied in 2008 to terminate the pending proceedings. The Los Angeles District Supreme Court, however, insisted that Polański must appear in person and refused to transfer the case to a court outside of Los Angeles. However, Polański was not ready to travel to Los Angeles, especially as he faced arrest in view of a valid arrest warrant.
On September 26, 2009, during the post-production of The Ghostwriter , Polański was arrested at Zurich Airport on entry into Switzerland on the basis of an international arrest warrant from 2005 (an arrest warrant for the USA had been in existence since 1978) at the instigation of the US law enforcement authorities . He wanted to receive the award for his life's work at the Zurich Film Festival . As a precautionary measure, the USA had already submitted a formal application for extradition before the festival. On October 23, 2009 the US's definitive extradition request was received by the Federal Office of Justice in Bern .
On November 25, 2009, the Swiss Federal Criminal Court in Bellinzona granted a complaint by Polański against the rejection of his request for release from prison. On December 4, 2009, detention was replaced by electronically monitored house arrest; other security measures were the surrender of his identification documents and a deposit of 4.5 million Swiss francs .
There were public reactions to the arrest from artists and politicians, particularly in France and Poland. While politicians such as the French culture minister Frédéric Mitterrand and the Polish foreign minister Radosław Sikorski were critical of the arrest and well-known directors such as Woody Allen , Pedro Almodóvar and Martin Scorsese signed a petition for Polański's release, there were also votes - including that of director Luc Besson , the Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk and the Green European politician Daniel Cohn-Bendit - who pointed out the gravity of the accusation, the principle of equality of rights and the independence of the judiciary. Former Polish President Lech Wałęsa appealed to the authorities to forgive him for "this one sin".
In May 2010, Polański spoke for the first time since his arrest. He described the stay in prison in 1977 as an agreed "total sentence" and relied on the sworn testimony of the then prosecutor Roger Gunson on February 26, 2010. The then judge Laurence J. Rittenband and the prosecutor David Walgren, who is now dealing with the case, accused Polanski not to stick to the agreement at the time "to get media attention at my expense".
On July 12, 2010, the Swiss judicial authorities rejected the US extradition request and lifted Polanski's house arrest. In the justification, the responsible ministry referred to deficiencies in the content of the extradition request.
In October 2010, the former victim spoke to the news channel CNN for the first time about Polański's imprisonment in Switzerland. She was relieved that Polański was not extradited; she considers him adequately punished. She feels more damaged by the media hype and dealing with what she sees as a corrupt judicial system than by Polański's abuse 32 years ago. She expressly wished to drop the lawsuit.
In 2013 Samantha Geimer published her autobiography The Girl: A Life in the Shadow of Roman Polanski , in which she describes her perspective on the events.
New extradition request from the United States
In February 2015, the United States applied for Polański's extradition from Poland. On February 25, 2015, a nine-hour trial was held in closed circuit in Krakow. On October 30, 2015, the competent court in Krakow decided not to allow the extradition request. Politicians from the PiS party, which won the general election on October 25, 2015 , had spoken out in favor of extraditing Polański to the United States before the verdict. At the end of May 2016, the Polish Minister of Justice and Prosecutor General Zbigniew Ziobro (PiS) declared that, as the chief prosecutor , he wanted to appeal the judgment of the Kraków Court to the Polish Supreme Court and have the trial reopened. In the judgment, Polański benefited from a "celebrity bonus". Had he not been a person of public interest, he would have been extradited long ago. The Supreme Court in Warsaw upheld the judgment of the Kraków Court on December 6, 2016, because it could not find any serious legal errors in the proceedings.
Another allegation of rape
In September 2017, Renate Langer filed a complaint against Roman Polański with the Swiss police. He raped her in 1972 when she applied to him for a film role in Gstaad . Later Polański apologized and you played a small role in his film What? offered that she accepted.
Work as a director
Polański's youthful interest in theater, literature, art and music had led him early on to the works of Franz Kafka , Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz and Witold Gombrowicz , whose surreal and grotesque tone shaped Polański. His first full-length feature film The Knife in the Water (1962) was still strongly influenced by the symbolist imagery of the Lodz Film School , which is close to existentialism , but in films such as Ekel (1965) and Rosemary's Baby (1968) he got closer to his protagonists. Claustrophobic, surreal images mirror the broken and lonely souls. In Der Mieter (1976) he finally plays the psychologically deformed, pathological main character himself.
Polański takes up genre conventions and modulates them to the point of parody . So serving gangster film as a template for when Katelbach coming ... (1965), while Dance of the Vampires (1967), a horror film - comedy is. Chinatown (1974) is a film noir that borrows from the psychological thriller . Macbeth (1971) is a film adaptation of Shakespeare's drama and focuses more on the psychological state of the fear-driven murderer than on the political aspects of the story. Polański transferred the main character's monologues into their inner workings by means of voice-overs . With Tess (1979), who primarily shows a romantic world of emotions, Polański changed his dramaturgical concept and from then on deliberately dispensed with surreal elements.
Films like Bitter Moon (1992) and Death and the Maiden (1994) continue Polański's preoccupation with subjects such as fear of the outside world breaking into private life, inability to relate and self-destructive violence. In The Pianist , the director refers back to his own life story as a persecuted Jew and contrasts the sensitive, compassionate main character with the petty-bourgeois, aggressive system of rule of the Nazis. The film is based on the autobiography of the Polish pianist and composer Władysław Szpilman and was awarded the Palme d'Or in Cannes and the 2003 Oscar for best director . Because of the arrest warrant in the United States, Polański was unable to accept the award.
Polański attaches great importance to working closely with film music composers. In the 1950s and 1960s this resulted in a long-term collaboration with the composer Krzysztof Komeda and from the 1990s with Wojciech Kilar .
In 2010 he received an invitation to the competition of the 60th Berlin Film Festival for the fourth time for the thriller The Ghostwriter and won the directing award . The main roles in this film were played by Ewan McGregor , Pierce Brosnan , Kim Cattrall and Olivia Williams . At the 2010 European Film Awards , The Ghostwriter was honored in six categories - Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor (McGregor), Best Screenplay, Best Production Design and Best Film Music.
In 2011 the film adaptation of Yasmina Reza's successful play followed with the direction of Der Gott des Gemetzels . For the production with Jodie Foster , Kate Winslet , Christoph Waltz and John C. Reilly , Polański received an invitation to the competition at the 68th Venice International Film Festival and another César (2012) for the best adapted screenplay.
In 2013, the film adaptation of the novella Venus in Fur was released based on the play of the same name by David Ives. Polański starred with the French actors Emmanuelle Seigner and Mathieu Amalric . The film premiered at the 66th Cannes Film Festival in May 2013 and was nominated for a Palme d' Or. In addition, the film was nominated for seven awards at the 2014 César Awards , one of which went to him in the category Best Director .
His only documentary , Weekend of a Champion (1972), is a portrait of the Formula One racing driver Jackie Stewart , who is a friend of Polański, around the Monaco Grand Prix and was shot together with the documentary filmmaker Frank Simon . The long-neglected film was rediscovered by Polański in 2010. He revised it and had the restored and slightly abridged version supplemented by a conversation he had with Stewart 40 years later in Monte Carlo . The new version of the film was presented at the Cannes Film Festival in 2013, where the original version had already been shown in 1972.
Filmography
Films as a director and author
- 1962: The knife in the water (Nóż w wodzie)
- 1964: Women are to blame for everything (Les plus belles escroqueries du monde), episode: La rivière de diamants
- 1964: Virgin richly garnished (Aimez-vous les femmes?) - author only
- 1965: disgust (repulsion)
- 1965: When Katelbach comes ... (Cul-de-Sac)
- 1967: The girl from over there (La fille d'en face) - author only
- 1967: Dance of the Vampires (Dance of the Vampires / The Fearless Vampire Killers)
- 1968: Rosemary's Baby (Rosemary's Baby)
- 1969: A Day at the Beach - author only
- 1971: Macbeth
- 1971: Weekend of a Champion, re-released in 2013 in a revised version
- 1973: what? (Che?)
- 1974: Chinatown
- 1976: The tenant (Le locataire)
- 1979: Tess
- 1986: Pirates (Pirates)
- 1988: Frantic
- 1992: Bitter Moon (Lunes de fell)
- 1994: Death and the Maiden (Death and the Maiden)
- 1999: The Ninth Gate (The Ninth Gate)
- 2002: The Pianist (The Pianist)
- 2005: Oliver Twist
- 2010: The Ghost Writer (The Ghost Writer)
- 2011: The God of Slaughter (Carnage)
- 2013: Venus in fur (La Vénus à la fourrure)
- 2017: Based on a true story ( D'après une histoire vraie )
- 2019: Intrigue (J'accuse)
Short films
- 1955: Bicycle (Zaczarowany rower)
- 1957: murder (Morderstwo)
- 1957: A Toothy Smile (Uśmiech zębiczny)
- 1957: Break Up the Dance (Rozbijemy zabawę)
- 1958: Two men and a cupboard (Dwaj ludzie z szafą)
- 1959: When angels fall (Gdy spadają anioły)
- 1959: The lamp (Lampa)
- 1961: The fat and the thin (Le gros et le maigre)
- 1962: Mammals (Ssaki)
- 2012: A Therapy
Theater, musical and opera
- 1974: Lulu - Opera by Alban Berg , Spoleto Festival
- 1976: Rigoletto - opera by Giuseppe Verdi , Munich Opera
- 1981: Amadeus (play by Peter Shaffer ), Paris and Warsaw
- 1988: Metamorphoses after Franz Kafka , Théâtre du Gymnase Marie Bell , Paris
- 1992: Hoffmann's Tales , Opera by Jacques Offenbach , Opéra Bastille , Paris
- 1997: Dance of the Vampires , musical, Vienna
- 2003: Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen , Théâtre Marigny, Paris
Films as an actor
- 1955: The Enchanted Bicycle (Zaczarowany rower)
- 1955: One generation (Pokolenie)
- 1958: Two men and a cupboard (Dwaj ludzie z szafą)
- 1959: Lotna
- 1960: Goodbye until tomorrow (Do widzenia, do jutra)
- 1960: The Innocent Wizards (Niewinni czarodzieje)
- 1961: The fat and the thin ... as the thin
- 1967: Tanz der Vampire (The Fearless Vampire Killers) ... as Alfred
- 1969: Magic Christian (The Magic Christian) ... as the lonely drinker
- 1973: what? (Che?) ... as a mosquito
- 1973: Andy Warhol's Dracula (Dracula vuole vivere: cerca sangue di vergine) ... as a pub guest
- 1974: Chinatown ... as a man with a knife
- 1976: The tenant ... as Trelkovsky
- 1989: Waiting for Godot ... as Lucky
- 1992: Back in the USSR
- 1994: A pure formality (Una pura formalità)
- 2002: Die Rache (Zemsta) … as Papkin
- 2007: Rush Hour 3 … as Revi
- 2008: Silent chaos ... as Steiner
- 2011: The God of Slaughter (Carnage) ... as a neighbor
Awards (selection)
- 1962: The knife in the water - FIPRESCI Prize at the Venice Film Festival
- 1964: Oscar nomination for best foreign language film for The Knife in the Water
- 1965: Disgust - FIPRESCI Prize and Silver Bear at the Berlinale 1965
- 1966: Golden Bear at the Berlinale 1966 for Wenn Katelbach comes
- 1969: Oscar nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay for Rosemary's Baby
- 1975: Chinatown - Golden Globe for best director (1975), Oscar nomination for best director (1975), BAFTA Award for best director (1975), Bodil (1975)
- 1980: César for best film and best director (1980), Academy Award nomination for best director (1981) for Tess
- 1998: Admission as a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts
- 1999: European film award for the nine gates and for his life's work
- The Pianist - Golden Palm (2002), Oscar for best director (2003), César for best film and best director (2003), BAFTA Award for best film and best director (2003), David di Donatello for the best foreign film (2003), Goya for best European film (2003), Polish film award for best film and best director (2003)
- 2002: Bavarian film award for his life's work
- 2004: Karlovy Vary International Film Festival - special award for life's work
- 2006: European film award for his life's work in Warsaw
- 2009: "Golden Eye" of the Zurich Film Festival for his life's work
- 2009: Cologne Film Prize as part of the Cologne Conference
- 2010: The Ghostwriter - Silver Bear at the Berlinale , European Film Award in the categories of Best Film, Best Director and Best Screenplay (2010), César in the categories of Director and Best Adapted Screenplay (2011)
- 2012: Prize of the Spanish Círculo de Escritores Cinematográficos (CEC) and César each in the category Best Adapted Screenplay (together with Yasmina Reza ) for The God of Carnage
- 2014: César in the category Best Director for Venus in Fur
- 2015: “Against the Current” - Film Award of the Kraków Festival “PKO Off Camera” for his life's work
- 2019: Venice Film Festival - Special Jury Prize for Intrigue
- 2020: César in the Best Intrigue Direction category
literature
- To life and work
- Ivan Butler: The Cinema of Roman Polanski. A. Zwemmer Ltd., London / New York 1970.
- Thomas Kiernan: Repulsion. The Life And Times of Roman Polanski. Grove Press, New York, 1980.
- Barbara Leaming: Polanski. A biography. Simon & Schuster, New York 1981, ISBN 0-671-24986-X .
- Paul Werner : Roman Polanski . Fischer Cinema, Frankfurt am Main 1981, ISBN 3-596-23671-1 .
- Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski . Scherz, Bern a. a. 1984, ISBN 3-502-18581-6 .
- Polanski Roman, Wolfgang Jacobsen , Peter W. Jansen , Christa Maerker: Roman Polanski. Hanser, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-446-14409-9 .
- Pierre-André Boutang: Polanski par Polanski. Sté Nlle des Éditions du Chene, 1986.
- Alexandre Tylski: Roman Polanski ses premiers films polonais . Aleas, Lyon 2004, ISBN 2-84301-109-4 .
- Alexandre Tylski: Roman Polanski . Gremese, Rome 2006, ISBN 88-7301-599-9 .
- Alexandre Tylski: Roman Polanski l'art de l'adaptation . L'Harmattan, Paris 2006, ISBN 2-296-00797-X .
- FX Feeney and Paul Duncan (Eds.): Roman Polanski. Translated by Heiko Fischer, Taschen Verlag , Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-8228-2541-7 .
- Andreas jacket: Roman Polanski - Traumatic soul landscapes . Psychosozial-Verlag, Giessen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8379-2037-6 .
- Thomas Koebner , Fabienne Liptay (eds.): Roman Polanski . edition text + kritik, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-86916-070-2 (film concepts, issue 19).
- Paul Werner: Polanski . Langen Müller, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-7844-3331-8 .
- James Greenberg: Roman Polanski. His films, his life. Knesebeck, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-86873-567-3 (with over 250 photos).
- Thomas Koebner: Roman Polanski. The look of the persecuted. A biography. Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-15-010936-6 .
- Samantha Geimer: The Girl: My life in the shadow of Roman Polanski. Orell Füssli, Zurich 2013, ISBN 978-3-280-05536-6 .
- Roman Polanski in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
- Interviews and discussions
- Gero von Boehm : Roman Polanski. 17th September 1984 . Interview in: Encounters. Images of man from three decades . Collection Rolf Heyne, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-89910-443-1 , pp. 51-60.
- Paul Cronin: Roman Polanski. Interviews. University Press of Mississippi, Jackson MS 2005, ISBN 1-57806-800-2 .
- Johanna Adorján : It's funny, isn't it? Interview in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , November 17, 2013, p. 52.
Documentaries
- Perspectives: Roman Polanski - attempt at a television portrait. Documentary, Federal Republic of Germany, 1966, written and directed by Albert Krogmann and Klaus Lakschewitz, documentary on the occasion of Polanski's visit to Munich in 1966.
- Clive James in conversation with Roman Polanski. Documentary, 1985, German version: Peter Höhne, production: NDR , BR, SFB 3 .
- Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired. TV documentary, USA, 2008, 99 min., Book: Joe Bini, Peter G. Morgan, Marina Zenovich, director: Marina Zenovich, production: HBO , Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired in the Internet Movie Database (English). See also: main article .
- Polanski over Polanski (Polanski par Polanski). Documentary, Finland, France, 2006, 56 min., Written and directed by Pierre-André Boutang , produced by YLE , arte
- Roman Polanski. My life. (OT: Roman Polanski. A film memoir.) Documentary, Great Britain, 2011, 90 min., Script and director: Laurent Bouzereau , moderation: Andrew Braunsberg, production: Blue Collar Productions, Anagram Films, music: Alexandre Desplat , German first broadcast: February 9, 2014 at arte, conversation ( OmU ) with video recordings.
Web links
- Literature by and about Roman Polański in the catalog of the German National Library
- Publications by and about Roman Polanski at Litdok East Central Europe / Herder Institute (Marburg)
- Roman Polanski in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Dirk Jasper : Film Star Lexicon ( Memento from May 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ): Biography and interview with Polański (archived)
- Short biography of Roman Polanski at the NNDB
- Landscapes of the Mind: The Cinema of Roman Polanski ( Memento from August 16, 2004 in the Internet Archive ), Senses of Cinema, by Adrian Martin (English)
- "I can no longer be silent". Roman Polanski speaks for the first time. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , May 3, 2010.
- Roman Polański on culture.pl (English)
- Entry on the website of the Académie des Beaux-Arts
Individual evidence
- ↑ The international spelling is "Polanski" without Kreska, although he himself draws with Kreska, ie "Polański": photo portrait with autograph
- ↑ a b Paul Werner : Polanski, Langen Müller Verlag , Munich 2013, p. 11 ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)
- ↑ romanpolanski.com
- ↑ Golden Palm for Roman Polanski. “The Pianist” emerges as the winner. In: NZZ , May 26, 2002.
- ^ Roman Polanski. In: IMDb .
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, Bern, Munich, Vienna 1984, p. 10.
- ^ Paul Werner: Polanski. (pdf, 828 kB) Langen Müller Verlag, Munich, 2013, pp. 11–12 , archived from the original on October 6, 2014 ; accessed on October 5, 2019 .
- ^ A b Dagmar von Taube: Roman Polanski: "All were dead - I was the only one who survived". In: Welt am Sonntag . September 9, 2012, p. 19 , accessed October 5, 2019 (interview).
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, pp. 14-16.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 17.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 18 f.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 21.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 23.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 25.
- ^ A b Paul Werner : Polanski. Langen Müller Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-7844-3331-8 . Chapter 1: The Boy of the Spectacle.
- ↑ Magda Rozmarynowska: Roman Polanski. In: polki.pl. October 25, 2005, Retrieved October 5, 2019 (Polish).
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 28.
- ^ Roman Polanski: Roman Polanski. Autobiography, p. 24.
- ↑ a b Forum [Warszawa], April 22, 2002, p. 4.
- ↑ a b Filip Ganczak: " Intellektuell Flach " - Roman Polanski's Stasi files. In: Berliner Morgenpost . November 5, 2011, accessed on October 5, 2019 : “The Polish Communist Party leader Wladyslaw Gomulka threw an ashtray after Roman Polanski's film. For the first time, the dossiers that the regime put on the scandal director are open. "
- ↑ a b The Polanski case - wanted and desired ( memento of October 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ). In: Frankfurter Rundschau , September 30, 2009 - see main article Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired .
- ↑ Roman Polanski , Who's Who (German)
- ^ Roman Polanski - Biography. All Movie Guide , accessed December 22, 2014 (from the New York Times website ).
- ↑ US judge rejects exemption from custody for director Polanski. In: Spiegel Online . April 4, 2017, accessed on July 14, 2017 : "Polanski lives in Paris, but also has an apartment in Krakow."
- ↑ “rape by use of drugs, perversion, sodomy, lewd and lascivious act upon a child under fourteen, and furnishing a controlled substance to a minor” Salon (online magazine): Reminder: Roman Polanski raped a child. Finally arrested 32 years after he fled sentencing for unlawful sex with a minor, the director is… a big hero ?, Sep 28, 2009, by Kate Harding
- ↑ a b c “I can no longer be silent”. Roman Polanski speaks for the first time . In: NZZ, May 3, 2010
- ↑ Christiane Heil: 32 years after the abuse. Polanski's victim is on his side. In: FAZ, February 3, 2009.
- ↑ Sebastian Moll: Roman Polanski. In search of reconciliation. ( Memento from February 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) In: Frankfurter Rundschau, February 18, 2009; S. Vahabzadeh: The lifelong stain. Roman Polanski case. In: Sueddeutsche Zeitung, May 17, 2010.
- ^ Roman Polanski arrested in Switzerland , Berner Zeitung , September 26, 2009
- ↑ Surprising arrest in Switzerland. Oscar winner Polanski faces years of imprisonment. ( Memento from September 30, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) In: tagesschau.de , September 27, 2009.
- ↑ Polanski arrested at Zurich Airport. In: NZZ, September 28, 2009.
- ↑ Polanski is under house arrest. In: Die Zeit Online, December 4, 2009.
- ↑ Decision of the Federal Criminal Court of November 24, 2009 (PDF; 68 kB).
- ↑ Les gouvernements français et polonais from demander la libération de Polanski. In: Le Monde , September 27, 2009, accessed February 15, 2014.
- ^ Anger in France and Poland after Polanski arrest , Reuters .com, September 27, 2009, accessed on September 27, 2009
- ↑ The woman, who is now over 40 years old, has already spoken out several times, asking that the proceedings should be discontinued. See: After arrest in Switzerland: Polanski applies for release from prison. ( Memento from October 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) In: tagesschau.de, September 29, 2009.
- ↑ Luc Besson: "La justice doit être la même pour tout le monde" - Liberation ( French ) Liberation.fr. September 29, 2009. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
- ^ "Polanski Affair": Notice came from the USA , SF Tagesschau , 29./30. September 2009, accessed September 30, 2009
- ^ Cohn-Bendit critique la position de Frédéric Mitterrand sur Polanski - Liberation ( French ) Liberation.fr. September 29, 2009. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
- ^ Roman Polanski: No extradition. (No longer available online.) The federal authorities of the Swiss Confederation, July 12, 2010, archived from the original on February 22, 2014 ; Retrieved July 12, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ FDJP : Roman Polanski extradition decision ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Federal Council media conference on July 12, 2010 (video, 63 minutes)
- ↑ Switzerland: extradition request rejected. Polanski is free again. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung, July 12, 2010.
- ↑ Polanski victim welcomes the release of the director. Suedostschweiz.ch, October 8, 2010, accessed on August 19, 2013 .
- ↑ Bettina Weber: Life after Polanski . In: Tages-Anzeiger of September 26, 2013
- ↑ Polish court examines the extradition of Roman Polanski. FAZ , February 25, 2015, accessed on February 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Finale in the extradition process to Polanski. Lausitzer Rundschau , September 26, 2015, accessed on October 5, 2015 .
- ^ Roman Polanski: Polish court rejects US extradition. BBC News, October 30, 2015, accessed October 30, 2015 .
- ↑ New Polish government says Roman Polanski should be extradited to US. i24News, October 28, 2015, accessed October 30, 2015 .
- ↑ Polish government appeals: extradition proceedings against Polanski are rolled out. tagesschau.de, May 31, 2016, accessed May 31, 2016 .
- ↑ http://wyborcza.pl/7,75398,21078808,scigany-jak-roman-polanski.html Gazeta Wyborcza, accessed December 6, 2016
- ^ The New York Times : Roman Polanski Accused of Rape by Former German Actress , The New York Times, October 3, 2017
- ↑ Die Zeit : New rape allegation against Polanski
- ^ Spiegel Online : New allegations of rape against star director
- ^ Susanne Marschall: Roman Polanski . In: Thomas Koebner (Ed.): Film directors. Biographies, descriptions of works, filmographies . Philipp Reclam jun., 3rd edition, Stuttgart 2008, p. 588 ff.
- ↑ Peter Bradshaw: Cannes 2013: Weekend of a Champion - first look review, in the Guardian of May 21, 2013, accessed on July 29, 2014 (English)
- ↑ Dietrich Leder: A rediscovery, in: Funkkorrespondenz from July 4, 2014, p. 26 f.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Polański, novel |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Polanski, Roman; Darling, Rajmund Roman (real name); Darling, Raymond Thierry (maiden name); Wilk, Roman (cover name); Polański, Roman Raymond |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish film director and actor |
DATE OF BIRTH | August 18, 1933 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris , France |