Administrative division of Poland-Lithuania
The area of the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic (1569-1795) consisted of the area of the Polish Crown, divided into the provinces of Greater Poland and Lesser Poland, each of which comprised far more than the earlier duchy of the same name, from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , which in about the area the present-day states of Lithuania and Belarus , and, since 1582, Livonia , which formed a kind of condominium between the two parts of the empire. The fiefdoms of Courland , Ducal Prussia and the Lauenburg and Bütow lands in the rear of Pomerania were not integrated into the republic . Only a few years before the end of the aristocratic republic , the Silesian duchy of Siewierz , which belonged to the Kraków bishops, was formally attached.
The voivodships , in Latin Palatinatus , were subdivided into powiats (roughly rural districts ).
The term Duchy , in Polish Księstwo , Latin Ducatus , is used on the one hand for the large domains into which Poland was divided in the High Middle Ages and whose duchy the Polish kings have since led in their full title, on the other hand for small areas that are on the same level as the voivodships stood.
The term land , Polish Ziemia , Latin Terra , sometimes only stood for Powiats with an independent past, but in the extensive Ruthenian Voivodeship around Lemberg it was an intermediate level above the Powiats.
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Greater Poland Province
The Province of Greater Poland (Prowincja wielkopolska) comprised the territory of the Duchies of Greater Poland and Mazovia and Royal Prussia .
Voivodeships in the Duchy of Greater Poland (with Kujawy )
- Poznan Voivodeship , seat in Poznań (Polish: Poznań ) (Województwo poznańskie) with the country Wschowa , German woman town
- Kalisz Voivodeship , seat in Kalisz (Województwo kaliskie)
- Province Gniezno , based in Gniezno (Polish. Gniezno ) (Województwo gnieźnieńskie) , 1768-1793
- Sieradz Voivodeship , seat in Sieradz (Województwo sieradzkie) , with the State of Wieluń
- Łęczyca Voivodeship , seat in Łęczyca (Województwo łęczyckie)
- Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship , seat in Brześć Kujawski (i.e. Kujawisches Brest ) (Województwo brzeskokujawskie)
- Inowrocław Voivodeship , seat in Inowrocław (Województwo inowrocławskie) with the Dobrin region
Voivodeships in the Duchy of Mazovia
- Rawa Voivodeship , seat in Rawa Mazowiecka (Województwo rawskie)
- Płock Voivodeship , seat in Płock (Województwo płockie)
- Masovian Voivodeship , seat in Warsaw (Województwo mazowieckie)
Voivodeships in Royal Prussia
- Kulm Voivodeship , seat in Kulm (Polish Chełmno ) (Województwo chełmińskie)
- Malbork Voivodeship , seat in Marienburg (Polish Malbork ) (Województwo malborskie)
- Pomeranian Voivodeship , seat since 1613 in Schöneck (Polish: Skarszewy ), (Województwo pomorskie)
- Principality of Warmia , (Polish Warmia ), seat in Heilsberg (Polish Lidzbark Warmiński ) (Księstwo warmińskie)
Lesser Poland Province
The province of Lesser Poland (Prowincja małopolska) included the Duchy of Lesser Poland and Ruthenian possessions of Poland, namely Galicia , Podolia , Volynia and large parts of the Ukraine . A large part of these areas had (partly in the form of vassal states) since the 14th / 15th centuries. It belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 17th century and only went to the Polish part of the empire with the Union of Lublin .
Voivodeships in the Duchy of Lesser Poland
-
Province Krakow , based in Krakow (Pol. Kraków ), ( Województwo krakowskie ) included except the Powiats yet
- the deposit area Zips (pl. Spisz , slvk. Spiš , clothes. Szepes ), formal legally a part of the Kingdom of Hungary
- the Duchy of Auschwitz ( Oświęcim , Księstwo oświęcimskie )
- the Duchy of Zator ( Księstwo zatorskie )
- Sandomir Voivodeship , seat in Sandomir , (Polish Sandomierz ), ( Województwo sandomierskie )
- Lublin Voivodeship , seat in Lublin , ( Województwo lubelskie )
- Duchy of Siewierz 1790–1795
-
Podlaskie Voivodeship , seat in Drohiczyn , ( Województwo podlaskie ), divided into:
- State of Bielsk ( Ziemia bielska )
- Land of Drohiczyn ( Ziemia drohicka )
- Land Mielnik ( Ziemia mielnicka )
Voivodeships in Ruthenia
-
Ruthenian Voivodeship , seat in Lviv , ( Województwo ruskie ), divided into:
- Lemberger Land (German Lemberg , Ukrainian Lviv , Ziemia lwowska )
- Przemyśler Land ( Ziemia przemyska )
- Sanoker Land ( Ziemia sanocka )
- Halitscher Land ( Ziemia halicka )
- Chełmer Land ( Ziemia chełmska )
- Bełz Voivodeship , seat in Bełz ( ukr.Bels ), ( Województwo bełskie )
- Volyn Voivodeship , seat in Łuck (ukr. Lutsk ), ( Województwo wołyńskie )
- Podolian Voivodeship , seat in Kamieniec Podolski (ukr. Kamanjez-Podilskyj ), ( Województwo podolskie )
- Province Kiev , based in Kiev , from 1667 in Żytomierz (Ukr. Zhytomyr () kijowskie Województwo )
- Bracław Voivodeship , seat in Bracław ( Ukrainian Brazlaw ), ( Województwo bracławskie )
- Czernihów Voivodeship , seat in Czernihów (ukr. Tschernihiw ), ( Województwo czernihowskie ), 1635–1667
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Nine voivodeships and one duchy:
- Province Vilnius , based in Vilnius (lit. Vilnius , Polish. Wilno ) ( Województwo Wileńskie )
- Troki Voivodeship , seat in Trakai (Polish Troki ) ( Województwo dryie )
- Nowogródek Voivodeship , seat in Nowogródek (Belarus. Nawahradak , Polish. Nowogródek ) ( Województwo nowogródzkie )
- Brześć Litewski Voivodeship , seat in Brest (Polish: Brześć Litewski ) ( Województwo brzeskolitewskie )
- Minsk Voivodeship , seat in Minsk ( Województwo mińskie )
- Mścisław Voivodeship , seat in Mszisław (Belarus. Мсьціслаў, Polish. Mścisław ( Województwo mścisławskie ))
- Province Vitebsk , based in Vitebsk (White Russian, Polish.. Vitebsk ) ( Województwo witebskie )
- Połock Voivodeship , seat in Polazk (Belarus, Polish Połock ) ( Województwo połockie )
- Smolensk Voivodeship , seat in Smolensk ( Województwo smoleńskie ) 1611–1667
- Duchy of Samogitia ( lit.Žemaitija ) (dt. Also Niederlitauen , pl.Żmudź ) ( Księstwo żmudzkie )
Livonia
Pl. Inflanty , since 1598, three provinces:
- Wenden Voivodeship , seat in Wenden , Lat. Cēsis ( Województwo wendeńskie ), with Pilten Abbey (Lat. Piltene ) in Courland .
- Province Tartu , based in Tartu , lett. Tartu ( Województwo dorpackie )
- Pernau Voivodeship , seat in Pernau (Estonian Pärnu , pl.Parnawa ) ( Województwo parnawskie )
after 1620 only one
- Province Livonia , lettgallisches remaining area of the province Wenden, based in Daugavpils (lett., Daugavpils , pl. Dyneburg ) ( Województwo inflanckie )