Virneburg (Langenfeld)

Virneburg City of Langenfeld (Rhineland) Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 27 ″  N , 6 ° 58 ′ 45 ″  E
Height :	71 m above sea level NN
Location of Virneburg in Langenfeld (Rhineland)

In addition to a homestead , Virneburg also describes a location in the Reusrath district of the city ​​of Langenfeld .

geography

Virneburg wayside cross

The local situation Virneburg is located west of the A3 , northwest of Trompeterstraße, northeast of Reusrath itself, southeast of the Dückeburg , south of Hapelrath and southwest of the railway line Troisdorf-Mülheim-Morsbroich-Opladen-Immigrath Rich Rath Speldorf the former Rhenish Railway Company . The location consists of several homesteads and some residential buildings . Two of the farms carry castles - name These are Virneburg with the below listed property portal grid and Möckenburg . Another monument is located between the two courtyards, the Virneburg wayside cross . From a geological point of view, the area consists of loamy, heavy arable soil with a rocky subsoil.

history

Systematically picked up broken fragments in the village of Virneburg do not go beyond the late 16th century, while those near other Reusrath farms go back to the 6th and 7th centuries and could be recorded in large numbers. The find situation thus corresponds to the document situation : The Virneburg is first mentioned in 1596, the so-called Mückeburg for the first time in 1673. In 1816 the Firneburg in Reusrath is run as a farming community with 48 residents . On the way to the industrialization then dip from about 1650 on the Virneburg (in the local situation Virneburg also) flax and - wool - spinner and canvas - Weber on. This means that the location was only structured in a purely agricultural way at the beginning of the settlement . Nowadays there are still farms, a horse business , small businesses and arts and crafts , purely residential buildings and the Virneburg School , a special school for the mentally handicapped from Langenfeld , Monheim , Hilden and Haan from the 1960s . A renovation and partially new construction of the school buildings is due from 2009.

About the name

With regard to Virne -burg, Hans Bahlow considers the remnant of a name from Celtic times to be present, which he as a generic name for water , spring , stream , lake , swamp , reed , moor , reed , mildew , rot , dirt , mud , slime and looks like that. The Virne -burg also appears in the spelling Firne -burg and with this spelling reminds us of the firn that we still know today , the snow of last winter. Such a link would also confirm Bahlow, who connects the first part of the name in the broadest sense with water. The Mücke- or Möckenburg in the same location, only a stone's throw from the Virneburg, also reminded you of water with their mode of reproduction , if the mosquitoes were actually meant.

"Burg" Virneburg and "Burg" Möckenburg?

Listed portal grille of the 'Virneburg' farm

A designation with the suffix -burg is unusual for both courtyards , because this ending usually indicates a knight's seat or a fortified city. Both courts established by the design just bring farms and not castles represent. Noblewoman named "Virneburg of" or "from Möckenburg" and corresponding property relations are also not recorded for both farms. Although it is known from a petition of August 22, 1363 that a squire named Adolf von Virneburg held the parish of Richrath , that is, the benefice , for more than a year without being ordained a priest, but this " clergyman " was not a member of the local nobility, but came, it suggests the name of the sex which of Virneburg from the Palatinate Rhineland- Virneburg . In addition to this brief guest performance by Adolf von Virneburg, the courageous appearance of Heinrich I of Virneburg in the Battle of Worringen on June 5, 1288, may have been of some importance for today's Langenfeld, which was then part of the Duchy of Berg . Otherwise there were clearly no connections to the Eifel town of Virneburg and to the local nobility. Since the castle design has also been replaced by the castle design in modern times , the names Virneburg and Möckenburg initially remain a mystery.

However, if you look at the course of Virneburgstraße and its extension to Hapelrath , you will notice that there is an undated ring wall , possibly of Germanic origin, in the forest between the hamlet itself, Trompeter Straße and the A 3 . A well-preserved rampart (site 1762 011) runs in a wide arc in a semicircle from west to northwest. According to the floor drawings in the early Middle Ages, a tower hill castle (also called a motte ) could have been built into this. The Müffling map from 1824 also shows earth pits / peat extraction in the middle of the wall .

Another facility (site 1762 017) is on the railway line between Immigrath and Hapelrath, closer to the Motte Flachenhof . With regard to the hill that has been preserved, it is assumed that the ground plan was originally rectangular . No information could be given about the function and timing. On the other side of the path, a semicircular, wide dam is described (reference 1762 018). The second dam, which completes this, remains unmentioned, presumably because it is difficult to see because of the construction of the railway on the elevated route .

With regard to both ramparts, it is assumed that they could be castles. If this assumption were correct , the two courtyards built later could each have been assigned the name of one of the two lost castles. The broken fragments at least do not suggest that there are farm yards of the castles in front of them in both courtyards. For the time being, it remains to be seen the prospect of further investigations in this regard , which the responsible Office for Land Monument Preservation had announced in 2001 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Uwe Bölken, " Notes on the 2nd edition of the saga (s) of the sunken castle , from April 6, 2001"
2. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Müller, " local history Langenfeld Rheinland ", published by the city archives Langenfeld 1992
3. ^ Schule an der Virneburg , accessed on July 9, 2009
4. ↑ ^{a b} Claus-Peter Peters, " Langenfeld im Wandel der Zeiten ", self-published 2013
5. ↑ ^{a b} Wolfgang Wegener, " Memo on the business trip from April 19, 2001 "
6. ↑ ^{a b} ritter-pitter.de, Orte im Moor, Virneburg , accessed on September 14, 2014.