Langenfeld center

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Langenfeld center
Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 5 ″  N , 6 ° 56 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 47 m above sea level NN
Langenfeld-Mitte (Langenfeld (Rhineland))
Langenfeld center

Location of Langenfeld-Mitte in Langenfeld (Rhineland)

Langenfeld-Mitte is the central and western part of the city ​​of Langenfeld (Rhineland) .

geography

Langenfeld District Court, the “Last Judgment” in North Rhine-Westphalia

In the past, Langenfeld-Mitte was not a separate district, but arose from parts of the area of ​​the former villages of Berghausen , Immigrath and Reusrath around the former post office at today's “ Berliner Platz ”. Because here the long-distance routes from all four directions, from Düsseldorf , Cologne , Hitdorf , Solingen and Wuppertal - Elberfeld met . Langenfeld-Mitte was therefore the center of the city until the town hall was relocated in 1977 (inauguration on October 1, 1977). Today the administrative center is in the geographical center of the city in the center of Immigrath.

Langenfeld-Mitte has flat terrain on the right-hand central terrace of the Rhine with a single stream , the Galkhauser Bach . This flows through the locality of Hucklenbruch and separates Langenfeld-Mitte from Immigrath on Ganspohl , where the cultural center and town hall (scene) are located. Immigrath thus delimits Langenfeld-Mitte in the east and north. Berghausen borders in the north-west, Monheim am Rhein in the west, Leverkusen in the south-west and Reusrath in the south and south-east.

history

The name "Langenfeld" and the first traces

Already in 1306 a strip of land in Langenfeld-Mitte was first mentioned with Kaszwich , then in 1336 a Meysenole ( Meisental , near the toll path ). Langenfeld itself was first mentioned as Langevelt in 1396. Langenfeld also appears as Das Lange Feldt in a map published by Samson in Paris in 1673, and also in one by Johann Baptist Homann. The latter dates from around 1730. As far as can be seen, the long field evidently denotes the entire rural settlement area between Itterbach in the north and Wupper in the south, between Monheim am Rhein in the west and the foot of the Bergisches Land in the east. This is not contradicted by the fact that the name Langenfeld (today: Alt-Langenfeld ) was assigned to the first post office on the Probsthof in Berghausen on a card from Thurn und Taxis 's Post Office . The term Langenfeld was later transferred to the city , which, however, only received city ​​rights in 1948 .

Highlights of the story

Langenfeld in the stagecoach time

Path hour marker from the stagecoach era in the Volksgarten

The former center of the city of Langenfeld was significantly shaped by the post office on today's Berliner Platz . Three remains from this time can still be seen by the citizens of the city. These are the Volksgarten next to Haus Wagner , which was once laid out as a park for people passing through to relax. In addition to the glass exhibition hall, there is also one of the city's two hour markers, which once indicated the distances to the nearest stagecoach stations in (travel) hours. (The one shown in the exhibition hall ( Schalenschneiderkotten ), on the other hand, comes from Wiescheid and has nothing to do with postal history.) The third is the Haus Wagner monument itself, today's Restaurant History . This house was built around 1790 and from 1793 served as an inn for the travelers and postilions of the "Hochfürstlich Thurn und Taxis'schen Posthalterei". There, in the long field , up to 24 postillons were on duty. There were 12 “ chaises ” in the coach house and around 90 horses in the stables. Each postillon looked after a train that consisted of four horses of the same color. House Wagner was also used from 1806 to 1885 as the town hall of the "Munzipalität" Richrath, later the entire municipality of Richrath-Monheim.

The posting station at Berliner Platz was located in the intersection of the later among other Cologne Arnhem road called Via Publica , in Langenfeld identical to the present B 8 . Another important long-distance trade route was the Elberfeld – Hitdorf provincial road between Hitdorfer Rheinhafen and the Bergisches Land , today's B 229 , a connection that also goes back to older long-distance routes. From 1668 stagecoaches drove over the north-south connection and from 1699 additional mail carts between Münster and Cologne . A map from 1784 shows four post lines for the Cölln-Düsseldorfer middle station, which was located in Langenfeld. The last trip (shown in the picture) of a stagecoach, which was solemnly decorated for this occasion, took place from the Royal Post Office at the corner of “Poststrasse” at the corner of “Bahnhofstrasse” on May 31, 1905. The post coach era in Langenfeld is remembered with its own stagecoach and parcel van , both of which are shown in a glass shed next to the city museum. Furthermore, a traditional couple from the Postalia Carnival Society reminds of the post office in Langenfeld on official occasions, and bronze sculptures of the “Postillon” and “Christel von der Post” adorn the entrance area of ​​the city gallery on the Galerieplatz.

In the margin, the B 8 was not given a fixed name in the old days , as it is called today Düsseldorfer Straße , Kölner Straße and Opladener Straße , but changing names were used. In 1589 you can find Cöllner Strasse , 1618 Colnischer Weg , 1730 Frankfurter Steinweg , around 1780 the Chaussee from Düsseldorf to Cöln , 1802 Mühlheimer Landstrasse , 1826 Holländische Chaussee , 1830 Frankfurter Rheinstrasse , 1832 Holländische Strasse , 1850 Cologne -Düsseldorfer Heerstraße , 1864 the Cöln-Arnheimer Chaussee , 1866 the Cologne-Arnheimer Staatsstraße and 1885 the Cologne-Düsseldorfer Provinzialstraße . In connection with this Via Publica (still one of its names), Langenfeld is often referred to as “Young City on Old Street” according to an old slogan , although the city with the Mauspfad , which is much older, and the Elberfeld provincial street -Hitdorf has two more historic streets of national importance.

The nailed skull from Langenfeld

On April 16, 1964 (Müller names 1966) a nailed (pinned skull) was discovered during excavation work on the premises of the Keller company at Kölner Straße 50 in Langenfeld. In this was a 480 mm long iron nail that was 20 mm thick at the head end and tapered to the bottom. On the skull itself there were remains of a brocade ribbon with a small piece of bronze. According to the investigations at the time, it was the head of a woman around 30 years old and an execution by decapitation . Then the head of the dead was nailed to a stake and put on public display (on Via Publica). Legal history knows this type of punishment only for capital crimes such as B. child murder, murder, especially through poisoning, incest, etc. and not as a measure against so-called witches .

On February 21, 2008, Dr. phil. Peter Pieper , the world's first archaeologist in forensic services, gave a lecture on his further research on the nailed skull from Langenfeld. He also came to the conclusion that it is presumably the skull of a woman up to 30 years old who could have been killed in the 17th century. However, final examinations, especially on gender, are still pending. The accompanying find of the brocade ribbon, a finest textile remnant interwoven with gold and silver , suggests a lady of higher class. Likewise, the dental findings without caries or parodontosis allow the assumption of a possibly noble descent . He also suspects the execution as a witch's cause . The fact that the presumably female victim did not stay nailed for long can be concluded from the fact that the lower jaw was still present at the time of the find . The skull had been removed, possibly at the instigation of family members. Reasons for piety may be assumed for this and a corresponding payment may be assumed. It was customary to let the ravens do the business of removing the remains of meat, so that finding the skull and lower jaw together was rare. In addition, the rest of the body was left at the site of the decapitation and, if necessary, buried. In any case, those executed in this way were not given a proper burial .

He also summed up that the place where the skull was found was not the actual place of execution, but only the place of exhibition at the historic north-south connection, today's B 8. As a place of execution , however, several locations in the vicinity could be considered: The gallows Am Galgendriesch , the Katzberg, but also the rear area on the Hucklenbruch on the street Zum Galkhause (ne) r Bach are to be mentioned . There were namely aerial photographs of Americans from the Second World War close to a former place of execution.

  • Berliner Platz in Mitte, once the location of the post office

  • Main street facing Immigrath

  • Langenfeld City Museum on the main street

  • New development in Langenfeld's main street

The development of the district

Langenfeld-Mitte was largely shaped by its convenient transport links. The location at the intersection of two historical and nationally important federal highways , today's B 8 and the B 229 , was already mentioned . This caused a brisk passenger traffic and a significant exchange of goods in the area, which at that time was initially largely agrarian. The Monheim / Langenfeld junction on the A 59 and the Reusrath junction on the A 542 are added to the federal highways .

Also worth mentioning is the establishment of the Langenfeld station of the Cöln-Mindener Eisenbahn in 1845, which triggered a tremendous surge in development towards industrial development. The weaving mills Simons Erben (1860) and (probably in Immigrath) Neumann & Büren (1864), the weaving mill of the Theis brothers (1865) and the weaving mill Becker & Bernhard (1897) point to this development. The first iron works in Langenfeld opened its doors in 1877 with the company Rudolf Müller & Sons. He was followed in Immigrath in 1895 by Kronprinz AG and in 1902 by Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG , to name a few of the companies.

9-hole golf course on the Katzberg in Langenfeld-Mitte

Today, only the company Mannesmann Pressfittings remains of the once large employers in the textile and steel industry, all other areas are now used by a large number of smaller companies. On the other hand, this led to Langenfeld's economy being significantly less susceptible to crises than it used to be. The largest employer in Langenfeld-Mitte is now the Höll tube factory on Poststrasse after the WMF site was closed .

Langenfeld-Mitte is today characterized by its residential quarters due to the abandonment or departure of the weaving mills in particular, as well as the early separation of industry , trade , large retail and residential development . One of the former weaving mill buildings was converted into a consumer market according to Immigrath. It is the ( half-timbered house ) of the AWO on Solinger Straße . On the outskirts and especially on the Cologne - Düsseldorf railway line , however, there are still larger commercial settlements. However, the arable land is still on the decline. Nevertheless, the areas are not only being used for further settlement ; new green spaces are also being created, such as the golf course on the Katzberg.

The houses of worship in the district

The synagogue at Ganspohl

The Langenfeld synagogue was built in 1869. On the day of its destruction, November 9, 1938, the night of the pogrom , it was located at Adolf-Hitler-Strasse 101, as the main street was called during the Nazi era . Today your location would be opposite the confluence of Wilhelmstrasse and Hauptstrasse . It was not rebuilt after the war; instead, its property was used as a Shell petrol station until a commercial building was built. Only a plaque at the city museum still reminds of their existence.

Building files have not been preserved from the Jewish church . However, there is a site plan for the construction of a neighboring car garage, from which conclusions can be drawn about the house. After that, the building was a simple brick building , typical of many small, rural communities during the 19th century. Its base was about 12.50 meters in length and 9.00 meters in width. It was oriented in the long axis to the east. On the front wall to the east there was also a semicircular extension , the so-called Torah room, in which the Torah was kept. This was separated from the synagogue room by a large door and a three to four-step, square podium . The benches in the synagogue were arranged in such a way that a good view of the Torah shrine was possible from all seats . A staircase led from the vestibule to the women's gallery, as the prayer room on the ground floor was reserved for men due to ritual regulations.

To destroy himself could be determined that as early as the night before the fire of the synagogue the apartment of the caretaker had been devastated. Finally, on the evening of November 9, 1938, the building went up in flames. The local SA members were the perpetrators . The information about the intervention of the fire brigade is contradictory . Some of the eyewitnesses at the time (there was an event in the neighboring Wilhelmshalle, the former town hall) do not want the fire brigade to have seen them at all, others saw that they only intervened when a neighboring building threatened to go up in flames.

The Protestant Johanneskirche Stettiner Straße

The third Protestant church building after the church in Reusrath and the Erlöserkirche in Hardt was the Johanneskirche on Stettiner Straße. Due to the strong increase in population after the Second World War, it became necessary for both major denominations to reorganize and build new places of worship. The Evangelical Church Community of Langenfeld (since February 1, 1961) started in Langenfeld-Mitte in 1954 with the inauguration of the Johannes Church in Stettiner Straße. The tower was added to the church in 1967. The Johanneskirche is scheduled for demolition in 2017.

Christ King

The second daughter church of St. Joseph the Catholic Church Christ became king by Archbishop certificate established on October 22, 1959th Although there were no church buildings yet, the congregation was elevated to the status of a rectorate parish with the appointment of chaplain Klaus Jakobs as rectorate pastor. The church building itself, for the construction of which had already begun in the 1920s, was inaugurated on October 27, 1963. The current tower helmet was only put on in 1984.

Other church communities

In addition to the major denominations, there are a number of other religious communities in Langenfeld . These include the regional church community Langenfeld in the "Hardt", the community of Seventh-day Adventists , the Ecclesia-Congregation of Christians eV, the Stadtmission Langenfeld, the free church community in the "Karlstraße", the New Apostolic Church with the one in the picture shown house of God as well as the Jehovah's Witnesses with their new Kingdom Hall inaugurated in 1987.

  • Memorial plaque to the fire of the synagogue

  • Evangelical Church in Stettiner Strasse

  • New Apostolic Church in Bachstrasse

  • Catholic Church Christ the King

The district court

As part of the local reorganization, the town of Langenfeld , which was formerly part of the Rhein-Wupper district , was added to the Mettmann district on January 1, 1975 . Nevertheless, Langenfeld and Monheim still belonged to the Leverkusen district court for a few years. In order to finally extend the municipal territorial reform to the judicial district , the Langenfeld District Court was established in Langenfeld on April 1, 1979 . It is responsible for the cities of Hilden , Langenfeld and Monheim .

The first domicile of the court was the old town hall at Hauptstrasse 11-13. In addition, offices were moved into the neighboring Villa Berger in the Stadtgarten . The court started with 7 judges , 14 judicial officers , 46 officials and 7 police officers . The court's premises quickly turned out to be too small, especially against the background of increasing tasks. Today there are around 120 employees who do their job at the “Last Judgment” in North Rhine-Westphalia (as it is called). Nevertheless, the accommodation described, initially intended as a temporary arrangement, lasted 18 years. The inauguration of the new domicile at Hauptstrasse 15 on June 16, 1997 was therefore very much welcomed.

media

In Langenfeld there are local editorial offices for some large newspapers and consumer magazines . Langenfeld's first Internet TV, the now discontinued TV-Langenfeld channel , went from the old center out to the World Wide Web. The Rheinische Post , the Neue Rhein Zeitung and the Westdeutsche Zeitung -Düsseldorfer Nachrichten maintain local editorial offices dealing with Langenfeld topics . The Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger also reports irregularly about the city in the Leverkusen and Rhein-Berg editions . In addition, the "Langenfelder Wochenanzeiger" has been available twice a week since 1977 , followed by the "Langenfelder Wochenpost" and the "Lokal Anzeiger Langenfeld" . “Der Langenfelder” is published monthly and the city administration's publication “Langenfeld Aktuell” is published quarterly. Other magazines appear irregularly or are not widely distributed.

S-Bahn station

The Langenfeld (Rhineland) S-Bahn station is about 18 kilometers south of Düsseldorf Central Station . It is located on the Cologne – Duisburg railway line and belongs to station category 4.

The Langenfeld S-Bahn (Rheinl.)

The train station is in the east of the Langenfeld-Mitte district.

It has a central platform with 2 entrances.

The station is currently served by two S-Bahn lines and seven bus lines.

line Line course
S 6 Essen Hbf - Essen-Kettwig - Ratingen Ost - Düsseldorf Hbf - Langenfeld (Rheinl) - Cologne Hbf - Köln-Nippes
P 68 Wuppertal-Vohwinkel - Düsseldorf - Langenfeld (Rheinl)
231 Langenfeld, Turnerstrasse - Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Lev-Opladen, bus station - Lev-Mathildenhof
237 Langenfeld, Markt - Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Langenfeld, Mehlbruch
254 Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Leichlingen-Bahnhof - Leichlingen, Roderbirken (clinic)
785 Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Langenfeld-Stadtmitte - Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Allee U
790 Langenfeld-Richrath, Götsche - Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Monheim, agricultural center
791 Monheim, Mona Mare - Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Solingen HBF
NE13 Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Monheim - Monheim-Baumberg, bowling center
NE20 Langenfeld (Rheinl.) - S-Bahn station - Langenfeld-Reusrath - Leverkusen-Opladen bus station

←
 Lines
→
Langenfeld-Berghausen TrainS6
K – DU 		Leverkusen-Rheindorf

The schools in the district

The schools in Mitte are concentrated in the area of Fröbelstraße , Metzmacherstraße and Pestalozzistraße . These are the Catholic Primary School Fröbelstrasse , Don-Bosco-Schule , and the Catholic Hauptschule Metzmacherstrasse , both of which emerged from the Catholic Primary School Immigrath , which was founded in 1838 and whose buildings are now used as a Catholic youth home. The Protestant elementary school established on Schulstrasse in 1891 became today's community elementary school Fröbelstrasse in 1968 . The Pestalozzi School on Pestalozzistraße was set up as a school for people with learning disabilities in 1948. The former secondary school on Freiherr-vom-Stein-Straße now serves as a city museum after the school moved to Pommernweg . A music school founded in 1972 and a "Youth Art School" since 1988. should also be mentioned that for the adults responsible and existing since 1946 community college , the school premises located in the cultural center at Goose Pohl next to the City Hall , the venue , are located.

population

December 31, 2007 reporting date there were 10,974 citizens in Langenfeld Center. On December 31, 2006 there were 11,015 inhabitants in the old center.

societies

Many of the clubs that were once based in Langenfeld-Mitte are now domiciled in Immigrath, like the three named after:

  • Rifle club from 1834
  • Swimming club 1912
  • Hucklenbroich sports club HSV

Other associations (without claim to completeness) are:

  • Homeland Association Postalia
  • Carnival society Spießratzen, oldest still existing carnival society in Langenfeld
  • Prinzengarde Langenfeld

Personalities

  • Rolf D. Gassen, councilor of the FDP from 1984 to 2009, parliamentary group chairman from 1987 to 2009, deputy mayor from 1989 to 2004, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit on ribbon and the city's golden ring of honor since October 3, 2009 as well as the golden badge of honor and the silver plaque the Chamber of Industry and Commerce in Düsseldorf for services in vocational training
  • Friedhelm Görgens, born 1948, CDU, mayor of Langenfeld from 1989 to 1994, author of the volumes "Langenfeld" and "Langenfeld 2" for
  • Günther Schmitz, senior director of studies, former SPD council member, long-standing and current head of the VHS working group on city history. In the latter capacity, he made particular contributions to researching the history of Langengfeld and the Jewish citizens during the Nazi dictatorship.
  • Manfred Stuckmann, CDU, Deputy Mayor, founder of the Prinzengarde, organizer of the city festival, book author and expert guide on his tour around "Langenfelder Verzällcher"
  • Heinrich Völkel, from 1952 to 1992 council member of the SPD, from 1962 to 1987 chairman of the SPD parliamentary group in the city council, deputy mayor from 1966 to 1975 and from 1979 to 1989, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit on ribbon, holder of the ring of honor and 2nd honorary citizen (after Hans Litterscheid ) of the city of Langenfeld

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Rolf Müller, "Stadtgeschichte Langenfeld Rheinland" , Verlag Stadtarchiv Langenfeld 1992
  2. ^ A b Friedhelm Görgens, Langenfeld , Droste, Düsseldorf 1984
  3. ↑ Uwe Schwarz, Cologne and its surroundings in old maps , Emons Verlag 2005
  4. ↑ Environmental Protection and Beautification Association Langenfeld eV, A guide through the built history of Langenfeld
  5. ^ Anne Lipfert, Langenfeld "anno dazumal" , Verlag Gronenberg, Gummersbach
  6. ↑ [1] ritter-pitter.de, "The nailed skull from Langenfeld"
  7. ↑ von Galera, Langenfeld (Rhld.), Von der Margrafschaft zur Stadt , Ofen, Langenfeld 1963
  8. ↑ Günter Schmitz, "The Synagogue at Ganspohl" , Verlag Stadtarchiv Langenfeld 1988
  9. ↑ See Langenfeld. Presbytery insists on church demolition, in: rp-online, November 17, 2016.
  10. ↑ www.ag-langenfeld.nrw.de ( Memento of the original dated May 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ag-langenfeld.nrw.de

literature

  • Anne Lipfert, Langenfeld “back then”, Gronenberg publishing house, Gummersbach
  • Rolf Müller, Stadtgeschichte Langenfeld, Verlag Stadtarchiv Langenfeld 1992
  • Friedhelm Görgens, Langenfeld, Droste, Düsseldorf 1984
  • Günther Schmitz, The Ganspohl Synagogue, Contributions to Langenfeld City History, Stadtarchiv Verlag 1988
  • Uwe Schwarz, Cologne and its surroundings in old maps, Emons Verlag 2005
  • von Galera, Langenfeld (Rhld.), From the margraviate to the city, oven, Langenfeld 1963
  • Environmental Protection and Beautification Association Langenfeld eV, A guide through the built history of Langenfeld

Web links