Wallenrode (noble family)

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Coat of arms according to Scheibler's book of arms
Epitaph of one of Wallenrode in the Streitau church
Bad Berneck's local mountain with ruins

The von Wallenrode family (also Wallenrod, Wallenrodt) is an old Franconian noble family .

history

origin

The von Wallenrode family belonged to the Franconian nobility and was of the same tribe as the Förtsch family . They first appeared on August 25, 1244 with Eberhart Forscho de Thurnau, Marshal of Duke Otto II of Meran and his son Albertus de Waldinrode. Their ancestral castle was southwest of Geroldsgrün in the Franconian Forest . From the castle Wallenrode only terrain tracks as several have neck ditches and moats preserved. The Wallenrode appeared as Ministeriale in the wake of the Andechs-Meranier .

The one from Wallenrode in the Berneck area

With the rule of the Burgraves of Nuremberg , the von Wallenrode family moved into the Berneck area, today in the Bayreuth district in Upper Franconia . She committed herself to rebuilding a castle stable of the Walpoten and built the castle Neuwallenrode (also called Hohenberneck). Through a pledge, it came over generations to the positions of castle keepers and bailiffs of the burgraves and then the margraves of Kulmbach and Bayreuth .

Two lines emerged in the region: The Wallenrode to Streitau and the Wallenrode to Marktschorgast , Hohenknoden and Plos . With Karl Friedrich von Wallenrode, the Franconian line of those from Wallenrode died on September 30, 1739.

The epitaph of the last Wallenrode of Streitau is in the Bavarian Vogtland Museum in Hof and was recovered from the abandoned cemetery of Hof's Lorenz Church .

Ruins of the Wallenroder castles

There are several ruins on Bad Berneck's local mountain. The so-called castle tower and the remains of the wall in the living area come from the oldest castle. An open-air theater was built nearby, which uses the ruins as a backdrop. Between the old castle and Neuwallenrode castle are the ruins of the Marienkapelle , which was built by Veit von Wallenrode in 1480, but was probably abandoned again during the Reformation . The castle Neuwallenrode (or Hohenberneck) was built by Veit von Wallenrode in the period from 1478 to 1491. As a ruin, the drawbridge to the archway of an inner complex can be clearly recognized. The residential complex is still visible over two floors. At the time of the Second Margrave War , the two castles were already in decline. The associated office was relocated to Gefrees .

The Wallenrode and the German Order

The von Wallenrode family is known for their connections to the Teutonic Order . She not only held several high offices in the Order of the Land in Prussia , but also settled in East Prussia in the wake of the Order Knights. The safe trunk line of the East Prussian branch begins with Martin von Wallenrode and his son Hans von Wallenrode, who lived from 1458 to 1492 in Pachollen, Königsee and Prökelwitz in Prussia.

Konrad von Wallenrode (* between 1330 and 1340; † July 23, 1393) was Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1390 until his death . In this short time he led several campaigns against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as an opponent of the Polish-Lithuanian Union . The success was considerably dampened because of a presumed rivalry with the Grand Marshal Engelhard Rabe von Wildstein, whereby the capture of Vilna failed and many knights revolted against Konrad.

Johannes von Wallenrode (* around 1370 in Wasserknoden ; † May 28, 1419) was also a knight and in the course of his spiritual career as Johannes V also Archbishop of Riga (1393-1418) and as Johannes VII. Bishop of Liège (1418-1419 ). He was Konrad's nephew.

Friedrich von Wallenrode had been Marshal of the Order since 1407 and died in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1410 .

distribution

Sebastian von Pappenheim from the Graefenthaler line was married to Ursula von Wallenrode. There is an alliance coat of arms at Schloss Wespenstein .

In the period around 1536 and 1538, a Matthes von Wallenrod is documented as bailiff and locksmith at Schloss Sonneberg . As part of the Reformation, in 1540 he received the secularized Georgenberg Monastery as a gift from the then Elector . As the fortress captain of Coburg, Matthes von Wallenrod acquired the Mildenfurth monastery on May 1, 1544 .

Elevation of status: Johann Ernst von Wallenrodt was raised to the hereditary imperial count status on February 14, 1676 with the predicate high and well-born, Adam Christoph von Wallenrodt was awarded the Prussian count status on January 18, 1701 with the predicate well-born.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the von Wallenrode family shows a square silver belt buckle on a red background, it is decorated with clover leaves on the corners. The motif is repeated in the open red flight . In the case of the Wallenrode line in Streitau, the only difference in the coat of arms is a closed flight.

The Heinersreuth community is reminiscent of the Wallenroder in elements of its coat of arms. They sat in Altenplos from 1549 to 1728.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Wallenrode  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility, Adelslexikon Volume XV, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 2004, p. 416.
  2. ↑ Jähnig: Johann von Wallenrode OT, 1970
  3. ↑ Burg Wallenrode at burgenwelt.org
  4. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Historisches Schauspiel des Theater Bayreuth@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.kleines-theater-bayreuth-online.de
  5. ↑ castle Neuwallenrode at burgenwelt.org
  6. ^ Description of Neuwallenrode Castle
  7. ^ Karl Freiherr von Reitzenstein : Teutonic Knights in Prussia from the district of the terra advocatorum imperii . In: Archive for the history of Upper Franconia . Volume 8, 3rd issue. Bayreuth 1862. p. 4.
  8. ^ Coat of arms of the Grand Master Konrad von Wallenrode
  9. ↑ Ansgar Frenken:  Wallenrode, John of. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 13, Bautz, Herzberg 1998, ISBN 3-88309-072-7 , Sp. 215-218.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )