Wierzbiny (Orzysz)

Wierzbiny
	Wierzbiny
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Pisz
Gmina :	Orzysz
Geographic location :	53 ° 47 '  N , 21 ° 59'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 47 '26 "  N , 21 ° 58' 33"  E
Height :	130 m npm
Residents :	252 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	12-250
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NPI
Economy and Transport
Street :	DK 16 : Grudziądz - Olsztyn - Mrągowo - Orzysz ↔ Ruska Wieś - Ełk - Augustów - Ogrodniki (- Lithuania )
	1867N: Drygały - Bemowo Piskie → Wierzbiny
Rail route :	Czerwonka – Ełk (no regular service) Railway station: Orzysz
Next international airport :	Danzig

Wierzbiny ( German  Wiersbinnen ; from 1938 to 1945 Stollendorf ) is a place in the Powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ) in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Orzysz ( urban and rural municipality Arys ).

Geographical location

The street village Wierzbiny located in the Mazury Lake District in the former East Prussia on the southwestern shore of Aryssees ( Polish Jezioro Orzysz ) and on the south bank of the Wiersbinner Lake (1938 and 1945 was: studs Dorfer Lake, Polish Jezioro Wierzbińskie), about three kilometers southeast of the city Orzysz (Arys) in the Eastern Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

View of the Jezioro Wierzbińskie (Wiersbinner / Stollendorfer See)

history

The front of 1,785 Wyrsbynn after 1818 Wierzbinnen and until 1938 Wiersbinnen village called was founded 1467th In 1782 there were 19 households (fireplaces) in the village to which Kulmer rights were granted.

On April 8, 1874 Wiersbinnen office Village and thus its name to an administrative district , which - in 1938 renamed "District tunnels village" - the circle Johannesburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

The southern hinterland of Wiersbinnen belonged to the Arys military training area , which was already used by the imperial army , then the Reichswehr , the Wehrmacht and today the Polish army . The economic use of the lake-rich landscape consisted of fishing, peat extraction and forestry - (state forest).

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Wiersbinnen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Wiersbinnen, 480 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland did not vote.

Wiersbinnen led this name until 1938 and was then in "Stollen village" renamed . In a statistical overview of the places in the district of Allenstein , Johannisburg district , the place Stollendorf, which was in the northern part of the district area, was listed in 1938 with 631 inhabitants.

Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . Soon afterwards the village was placed under Polish administration together with the southern half of East Prussia . Now Polish civilians came to the village, it was given the Polish place name “Wierzbiny”. As far as the inhabitants had not fled, most of them were expelled or later evacuated.

Today Wierzbiny is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and thus a village in the urban and rural municipality Orzysz (Arys) in the Powiat Piski ( Johannisburg district ), until 1998 of the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Population numbers

• 1818: 266
• 1933: 624
• 1939: 632

Wiersbinnen / Stollendorf district (1874–1945)

The district of Wiersbinnen originally consisted of six, in the end of five villages:

Surname	Change name from 1938 to 1945	Polish name	Remarks
Arys Lake (Manor District)			1928 incorporated into Wiersbinnen
Groß Schweykowen	Scharnhorst	Szwejkowo
Chimney stalls	Erlichshausen	Kamieńskie
Means Schweykowen	Schweiken	Szwejkówko	1928 incorporated into Groß Schweykowen
Nodding	(from 1930 :) Schützenau	Strzelniki
Wiersbinnen	Stollendorf	Wierzbiny
after 1908: Oszywilken	(from 1928 :) Wolfsheide	Oszczywilki	before: District Grondowken / Valenzinnen
from 1929: Arys, military training area

On January 1, 1945, the villages of Arys, military training area, Erlichshausen, Schützenau, Stollendorf and Wolfsheide formed the Stollendorf district.

church

Until 1945 Wiersbinnen resp. Stollendorf parish in the Protestant church Arys in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Roman Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche Arys in the then diocese of Warmia .

Today the Catholic residents of Wierzbiny still belong to Orzysz , which is now part of the Ełk diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant church members stick to the parish in the district town of Pisz (Johannisburg) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

traffic

Wierzbiny is located on the important Polish national road 16 (former German Reichsstraße 127 ), which connects the three voivodships of Kuyavian-Pomeranian , Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie . In addition, the side road coming from Drygały (Drygallen , 1938 to 1945 Drigelsdorf) and leading through the restricted military area ends in Wierbiny.

The next train station is the town of Orzysz on the Czerwonka – Ełk (Rothfließ – Lyck) railway line, which is no longer regularly used .

literature

• Otto Barkowski: Contributions to the settlement and local history of the main office Rhine. In: Old Prussian Research. Volume 11 (1934), Issue 1, pp. 197-224.

Individual evidence

1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1451
3. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Stollendorf
4. ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Part I. Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, p. 181.
5. ^ ^{A b} Rolf Jehke, Wiersbinnen / Stollendorf district
6. ↑ TK25 Sheet 2297 Wiersbinnen - Edition 1936 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 78
8. ^ Fritz R. Barran, Landsmannschaft Ostpreußen (ed.): Cities Atlas East Prussia. Rautenbergverlag, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-8003-3050-4 , p. 194
9. ↑ Gmina Orzysz
10. ↑ Alexander August Mützell: New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state. Volume 5: T - Z . Halle 1823, p. 149, no. 2349.
11. ^ ^{A b} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. johannisburg.html # ew33jhnsstollend. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
12. ↑ Rolf Jehke, Grondowken / Valenzinnen district
13. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 491