Clan Pollock: Difference between revisions

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I have added Robert Polk the progenitor of Pollocks in the USA as part of the Clans history
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I have added Sir Robert Pollok 2nd Baronet as the last recognized Clan Chief on the bio template.
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{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox clan
{{Infobox clan
|clan name = Clan Pollock
| clan name = Clan Pollock
|image badge =Clan member crest badge - Clan Pollock.svg
| image badge = Clan member crest badge - Clan Pollock.svg
|chiefs crest = A boar passant shot through with a dart Proper
| chiefs crest = A boar passant shot through with a dart Proper
|chiefs motto = Audacter et Strenue (Boldly and earnestly)
| chiefs motto = Audacter et Strenue (Boldly and strongly)
|chiefs slogan =
| chiefs slogan =
|war cry =
| war cry =
|region =[[Scottish Lowlands|Lowlands]]
| region = [[Scottish Lowlands|Lowlands]]
|district =[[Renfrewshire (historic)|Renfrewshire]]
| district = [[Renfrewshire (historic)|Renfrewshire]]
|gaelic names =
| gaelic names =
|image arms =Pollock of Pollock arms.svg
| image arms = Pollock of Pollock arms.svg
|plant badge =
| plant badge =
|animal =
| animal =
|pipe music =
| pipe music =
|chiefs name =
| chiefs name =
|chiefs title =
| chiefs title =
|chiefs gaelic title=
| chiefs gaelic title =
| historic seat = [[Pollock Castle|Pollok Castle]]
|seat =
| septs = [[Pogue (surname)|Pogue]], Polk, Pollok, Pollack, Polloke, Pollick, Polloch, Pook, Pooke, Poock, Polke, Paulk, Poalk, Poalke,
|historic seat = [[Pollock Castle|Pollok Castle]]
|septs = [[Pogue (surname)|Pogue]], Polk, Pollok, Pollack, Polloke, Pollick, Polloch, Pook, Pooke, Poock, Polke, Paulk, Poalk, Poalke,
Poulk, Poole, Pogue, Poag, Poage, Poague, Poak
Poulk, Poole, Pogue, Poag, Poage, Poague, Poak
|branches =
| branches =
|Allied clans = [[Clan Maxwell]]
| Allied clans = [[Clan Maxwell]]
|Rival clans = [[Clan Johnstone]]
| Rival clans = [[Clan Johnstone]]
| founder = Fulbert de Pulloc
| titles = [[Pollock Baronets]]
| last chiefs name = Sir Robert Pollok, 2nd Baronet (died 1783)
}}
}}


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The clan can trace its origin to Fulbert, a vassal knight of Walter fitz Alan from [[Oswestry]], [[Shropshire]], [[England]]. Fulbert came to Scotland with Walter fitz Alan in about 1136 and fought for Scotland at the [[Battle of the Standard]] at [[Northallerton]] in 1138. Fulbert's sons were granted land in [[Renfrewshire]] for the service of their father, a knight to Walter fitz Alan,<ref name="Ritchie">{{cite book| last=Ritchie |first=R. L. Graeme |title=The Normans in Scotland |year=1954 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |page=280}}</ref> reconfirmed in a charter in 1157 by [[Malcolm IV of Scotland|Malcolm IV]]. The family name is retained in placenames such as [[Pollok]], [[Pollokshields]] and [[Pollokshaws]], all situated to the south side of the River Clyde, between [[Glasgow]] city centre and [[Paisley, Renfrewshire|Paisley]].
The clan can trace its origin to Fulbert, a vassal knight of Walter fitz Alan from [[Oswestry]], [[Shropshire]], [[England]]. Fulbert came to Scotland with Walter fitz Alan in about 1136 and fought for Scotland at the [[Battle of the Standard]] at [[Northallerton]] in 1138. Fulbert's sons were granted land in [[Renfrewshire]] for the service of their father, a knight to Walter fitz Alan,<ref name="Ritchie">{{cite book| last=Ritchie |first=R. L. Graeme |title=The Normans in Scotland |year=1954 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |page=280}}</ref> reconfirmed in a charter in 1157 by [[Malcolm IV of Scotland|Malcolm IV]]. The family name is retained in placenames such as [[Pollok]], [[Pollokshields]] and [[Pollokshaws]], all situated to the south side of the River Clyde, between [[Glasgow]] city centre and [[Paisley, Renfrewshire|Paisley]].


The church of Pollock was given to the monks of the [[Paisley Abbey|Priory of Paisley]] in 1163 by Petrus de Polloc, eldest son of Fulbert. As part of a dowry for one of his daughters, Petrus bestowed the barony of [[Rothes]] upon her. Robert de Polloc, Fulbert's third son, gave the church of [[Newton Mearns|Mearns]] to the Priory of Paisley. John de Polloc was a signatory to the [[Ragman Rolls]] subscribing allegiance to King [[Edward I of England]] in 1296.<ref>Way (1994), pp.446-447.</ref> John Pollok of Pollok fought on the side of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], at the [[Battle of Langside]] on 13 May 1568, only a few miles from [[Pollock Castle|Pollok Castle]] and, as a result, was forfeited of some of his lands. John Pollok, his son, was killed on 7 December 1593 at the [[Battle of Dryfe Sands]] near [[Lockerbie]] during a battle between Clan Maxwell and the [[Clan Johnstone]]. Robert Pollok of Pollok was knighted and made [[Pollok Baronets|1st Baronet of Pollok]] by [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] in 1703 for his services to the crown.
The church of Pollock was given to the monks of the [[Paisley Abbey|Priory of Paisley]] in 1163 by Petrus de Polloc, eldest son of Fulbert. As part of a dowry for one of his daughters, Petrus bestowed the barony of [[Rothes]] upon her. Robert de Polloc, Fulbert's third son, gave the church of [[Newton Mearns|Mearns]] to the Priory of Paisley. John de Polloc was a signatory to the [[Ragman Rolls]] subscribing allegiance to King [[Edward I of England]] in 1296.<ref>Way (1994), pp.446-447.</ref> John Pollok of Pollok fought on the side of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], at the [[Battle of Langside]] on 13 May 1568, only a few miles from [[Pollock Castle|Pollok Castle]] and, as a result, was forfeited of some of his lands. John Pollok, his son, was killed on 7 December 1593 at the [[Battle of Dryfe Sands]] near [[Lockerbie]] during a battle between Clan Maxwell and the [[Clan Johnstone]]. [[Sir Robert Pollock, 1st Baronet|Robert Pollok]] of Pollok was knighted and made [[Pollok Baronets|1st Baronet of Pollok]] by [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] in 1703 for his services to the crown.

In the 1600s Robert Polk (1638-1703) a descendant of Fulbert Pollock immigrated to the Eastern shore of Maryland in the United States and became the progenitor of thousands who bare the name Polk/Pollock today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FamilyTreeDNA - Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy |url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/polk/about |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=www.familytreedna.com |language=en}}</ref>


===Genetic history===
===Genetic history===
The Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project commenced in 2009 and now has some 400 participants. The project website is maintained at FTDNA and can be accessed there. [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/polk/about] According to the Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project website the original Pollock family male line's [[Y chromosome]] is [[haplogroup]] I-M223. Stating "Based on paper trail family research and on its larger diversity it is clear that the I-M223 branch is the one that actually traces back to the original family of Renfrewshire. Among the persons belonging to this group are the descendants of Robert Polke (c.1638-1703), the immigrant from [[Ireland]] to the eastern shore of [[Maryland]]."<ref>{{Cite web |title=DNA Project – Clan Pollock |date=15 June 2020 |url=https://www.clanpollock.com/dna-project/ |access-date=2023-03-26 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FamilyTreeDNA - Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy |url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/polk/about |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=www.familytreedna.com |language=en}}</ref> Some notable descendants of Robert Polke include [[Trusten Polk]] the 12th [[Governor of Missouri]] and [[Charles Polk Jr.|Charles Polk]] the 27th and 30th [[Governor of Delaware]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Garrett |first=Mary Winder |date=1899 |title=PEDIGREE OF THE POLK OR POLLOK FAMILY FROM FULBERT THE SAXON (A. D., 1075), TO THE PRESENT TIME (Continued) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45340471 |journal=The American Historical Magazine |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=124–162 |jstor=45340471 |issn=2333-8970}}</ref>
{{Original research section|reason=It draws conclusions from unanalyzed data in an apparently user-generated source.|date=October 2021}}

The Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project commenced in 2009 and now has some 400 participants. The project website is maintained at FTDNA and can be accessed there. [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/polk/about]
'''Notable Descendants'''

Some notable descendants include [[Thomas Pollock (governor)|Thomas Pollock]] (1654-1722), [[colonial governor]] of [[North Carolina]], [[Sir Robert Pollock, 1st Baronet|Sir Robert Pollock]] (1665-1735), 1st Baronet, [[Alexander Hamilton]] (1775-1804), a [[Founding Fathers of the United States|founding father of the United States]], [[Oliver Pollock]] (1737-1823), merchant and inventor of the ($) [[dollar sign]], [[James Pollock (American politician)|James Pollock]] (1810-1890), [[List of governors of Pennsylvania|governor of Pennsylvania]], [[Trusten Polk]] (1811-1876), 12th [[List of governors of Missouri|governor of Missouri]] and [[Charles Polk Jr.|Charles Polk]] (1788-1857), 27th and 30th [[List of governors of Delaware|governor of Delaware]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Garrett |first=Mary Winder |date=1896 |title=Pedigree of the Pollok or Polk Family from Fulbert the Saxon (a. D. 1075) to the Present Time |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42657474 |journal=The American Historical Magazine |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=154–173 |jstor=42657474 |issn=2333-8970}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=mike |title=Alexander Hamilton's Pollock Lineage – Clan Pollock |url=https://www.clanpollock.com/alexander-hamiltons-pollock-lineage/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Clan Pollock History – Clan Pollock |url=https://www.clanpollock.com/clan-pollock-history/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Clan profile==
==Clan profile==
*'''Clan chief''': Clan Pollock has no chief, and is an [[armigerous clan]].
*'''Clan chief''': Clan Pollock has no chief, and is an [[armigerous clan]].
*'''Chiefly arms''': A saltire Vert, 2nd, 3rd and 4th or buglehorns stringed and garnished.
*'''Chiefly arms''': A saltire Vert, 2nd, 3rd and 4th or bugle horns stringed and garnished.
*'''Motto''': Audacter et strenue. The motto translates from Latin as "boldly and earnestly".
*'''Motto''': Audacter et strenue. The motto translates from Latin as "boldly and earnestly".
*'''Crest''': A boar, shot through with an arrow proper.
*'''Crest''': A boar, shot through with an arrow proper.

Latest revision as of 06:29, 27 April 2024

Clan Pollock
Crest: A boar passant shot through with a dart Proper
MottoAudacter et Strenue (Boldly and strongly)
Profile
RegionLowlands
DistrictRenfrewshire
FounderFulbert de Pulloc
Clan Pollock no longer has a chief, and is an armigerous clan
Historic seatPollok Castle
Last ChiefSir Robert Pollok, 2nd Baronet (died 1783)
Septs of Clan Pollock
Pogue, Polk, Pollok, Pollack, Polloke, Pollick, Polloch, Pook, Pooke, Poock, Polke, Paulk, Poalk, Poalke, Poulk, Poole, Pogue, Poag, Poage, Poague, Poak
Allied clans
Rival clans
Titles

Clan Pollock is an armigerous Scottish clan whose origin lies in a grant of land on the southern bank of the River Clyde, courtesy of King David I, to the sons of Fulbert from Walter fitz Alan, the 1st High Steward of Scotland, in the 12th century. It is among the oldest recorded surnames in Scotland.[1] The clan is a sept of Clan Maxwell.

History[edit]

Origins of the clan[edit]

The clan can trace its origin to Fulbert, a vassal knight of Walter fitz Alan from Oswestry, Shropshire, England. Fulbert came to Scotland with Walter fitz Alan in about 1136 and fought for Scotland at the Battle of the Standard at Northallerton in 1138. Fulbert's sons were granted land in Renfrewshire for the service of their father, a knight to Walter fitz Alan,[2] reconfirmed in a charter in 1157 by Malcolm IV. The family name is retained in placenames such as Pollok, Pollokshields and Pollokshaws, all situated to the south side of the River Clyde, between Glasgow city centre and Paisley.

The church of Pollock was given to the monks of the Priory of Paisley in 1163 by Petrus de Polloc, eldest son of Fulbert. As part of a dowry for one of his daughters, Petrus bestowed the barony of Rothes upon her. Robert de Polloc, Fulbert's third son, gave the church of Mearns to the Priory of Paisley. John de Polloc was a signatory to the Ragman Rolls subscribing allegiance to King Edward I of England in 1296.[3] John Pollok of Pollok fought on the side of Mary, Queen of Scots, at the Battle of Langside on 13 May 1568, only a few miles from Pollok Castle and, as a result, was forfeited of some of his lands. John Pollok, his son, was killed on 7 December 1593 at the Battle of Dryfe Sands near Lockerbie during a battle between Clan Maxwell and the Clan Johnstone. Robert Pollok of Pollok was knighted and made 1st Baronet of Pollok by Queen Anne in 1703 for his services to the crown.

Genetic history[edit]

The Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project commenced in 2009 and now has some 400 participants. The project website is maintained at FTDNA and can be accessed there. [1] According to the Polk-Pollock-Pogue DNA Project website the original Pollock family male line's Y chromosome is haplogroup I-M223. Stating "Based on paper trail family research and on its larger diversity it is clear that the I-M223 branch is the one that actually traces back to the original family of Renfrewshire. Among the persons belonging to this group are the descendants of Robert Polke (c.1638-1703), the immigrant from Ireland to the eastern shore of Maryland."[4][5] Some notable descendants of Robert Polke include Trusten Polk the 12th Governor of Missouri and Charles Polk the 27th and 30th Governor of Delaware.[6]

Notable Descendants

Some notable descendants include Thomas Pollock (1654-1722), colonial governor of North Carolina, Sir Robert Pollock (1665-1735), 1st Baronet, Alexander Hamilton (1775-1804), a founding father of the United States, Oliver Pollock (1737-1823), merchant and inventor of the ($) dollar sign, James Pollock (1810-1890), governor of Pennsylvania, Trusten Polk (1811-1876), 12th governor of Missouri and Charles Polk (1788-1857), 27th and 30th governor of Delaware.[7][8][9]

Clan profile[edit]

  • Clan chief: Clan Pollock has no chief, and is an armigerous clan.
  • Chiefly arms: A saltire Vert, 2nd, 3rd and 4th or bugle horns stringed and garnished.
  • Motto: Audacter et strenue. The motto translates from Latin as "boldly and earnestly".
  • Crest: A boar, shot through with an arrow proper.
  • Tartan: Pollock Ancient and Pollock Modern.

Castles[edit]

Peerage[edit]

See also[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ Crawford, George (1710). General Description of the Shire of Renfrew, Including an Account of the Noble and Ancient Families.
  2. ^ Ritchie, R. L. Graeme (1954). The Normans in Scotland. Edinburgh University Press. p. 280.
  3. ^ Way (1994), pp.446-447.
  4. ^ "DNA Project – Clan Pollock". 15 June 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  5. ^ "FamilyTreeDNA - Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy". www.familytreedna.com. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
  6. ^ Garrett, Mary Winder (1899). "PEDIGREE OF THE POLK OR POLLOK FAMILY FROM FULBERT THE SAXON (A. D., 1075), TO THE PRESENT TIME (Continued)". The American Historical Magazine. 4 (2): 124–162. ISSN 2333-8970. JSTOR 45340471.
  7. ^ Garrett, Mary Winder (1896). "Pedigree of the Pollok or Polk Family from Fulbert the Saxon (a. D. 1075) to the Present Time". The American Historical Magazine. 1 (2): 154–173. ISSN 2333-8970. JSTOR 42657474.
  8. ^ mike. "Alexander Hamilton's Pollock Lineage – Clan Pollock". Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  9. ^ "Clan Pollock History – Clan Pollock". Retrieved 1 January 2024.

References[edit]

  • George Way of Plean and Romilly Squire Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia, HarperCollins, Glasgow, 1994. ISBN 0-00-470547-5

External links[edit]