Adolf Eichholz

Adolf Eichholz around 1530, donor picture in the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne

Adolf Eichholz (Eyckholtz, Eichols), humanist names Athaulphus Dryoxylos (Δρυόξυλος, Dryander) or Adolphus Roboreus (* before 1490 in Cologne ; † July or November 1563 there ) was a German humanist , lawyer and rector of the old University of Cologne .

Life

Adolf Eichholz came from a merchant family in Cologne and was born in the “Zom kleynen Boum” house on Sternengasse . His father Albert Eicholz (Ailbert Eychoultz) owned the house "Zum Hasen uff der Bach" in 1500, was church master in St. Jakob and from 1495 to 1520 one of the frail lords in the Cologne council. In 1518, Adolf Eichholz gave the house "Zum Hasen" ( in signo cuniculi ) near the Birckmann publishing house "Zur fetten Hennen" ( bibliotheca in pingui gallina ; cf. today's street " Unter Fettenhennen ") as one of his postal addresses. In old age, “Adolf Eyichhoultz” inherited a house in the Sternengasse from Johann van dem Boum.

Studied in Cologne and Bologna

On March 31st, 1503, he enrolled as " Adolphus eichols de Colonia " at the Artistic Faculty of Cologne University and in 1504 acquired the Baccalaureat . In 1505 he appears as a cleric in a document from the collegiate church of St. Maria ad Gradus . Eichholz and his fellow student Glareanus (1488–1563) studied Greek with Hermann von dem Busche (1468–1534). 1505 he met Ulrich von Hutten (1488-1523), his convictus , and later kurtrierischen advice Ulrich Fabricius (1489-1526) know as fellow students. Eichholz acquired in 1506 as a member of Laurentian - Burse the master's degree of Arts Faculty.

In 1507/08 he traveled to Italy and on the way heard Peter von Ravenna (around 1448–1508) at the University of Mainz and in Worms . In 1509 he enrolled - together with Hermann von Neuenahr (1492–1530), Johannes Caesarius (1468–1550) and Jakob von Conresheim (Conreschim, Konradsheim) - as a canon of the collegiate church of St. Maria ad Gradus in Bologna : “ Adolphus Eicholtz eccl [ esiae] div [a] e Mari [a] e Colonia [sis] canonicus ”and acquired the legal baccalaureate.

In 1513 he joined the Cologne Faculty of Law with Hermann Rinck († 1546) and Johann Rinck († 1566). Johannes Aesticampianus (1457–1520), who taught in Cologne since 1513, called Eichholz his teacher. In the dark man 's letters dispute between Johannes Reuchlin (1455–1522) and Johannes Pfefferkorn (1469–1524), Eichholz supported the position of Reuchlin and Ulrich von Hutten in 1515.

Studied in Orléans

1515 studied Eichholz at the law faculty of the University of Orléans - among other things with Jean-Pyrrhus d'Angleberme (Johannes Igneus) (* around 1470, † 1521) - and was there in 1517 procurator of the "German nation ". He cataloged the Landsmannschaft's library holdings in the “ Index librorum Nationis Germanicae ” and wrote a humanistic “ Laus Germaniae ” (“Praise of Germany”), which shows approaches to national identity.

Eichholz was tutor in Orléans to the later Klevisch-Brandenburg Chancellor Heinrich Bars called Olisleger (before 1500–1575) and his two brothers, where he met Karl Harst (1492–1563) and the later Jülisch-Klevisch-Bergisches Chancellor Johann Ghogreff ( 1499-1554). In Orléans and later in Cologne, he accepted various students as table-goers in his house.

In 1518 Eichholz returned to Cologne via Paris, where he met Guillaume Budé (1468–1540). He intended to visit Erasmus of Rotterdam (1465 or 1469–1536) in Leuven , but learned in Antwerp from the town clerk and humanist Pieter Gillis (1486–1533) that he had already left for Basel .

Professor of Canon Law in Cologne

In Cologne, Eichholz kept in touch with the German nation in Orléans, to whom he gave a chasuble as a gift. Johann von Vlatten , who later became Chancellor of Jülich-Berg , wrote him a letter in 1520 on behalf of the “Alemaniae natio”.

Eichholz acquired the Dr. iur. utr. In 1522 (renewed in 1560) he was enfeoffed as a canon of Mariengraden by the Prüm Abbey with income from Heimersheim and Unkelbach .

From 1522 Eichholz held lectures at the university on decretals with an annual salary of 26 guilders . In the mid-1520s the students' interest in canon law waned, and at the request of the Cologne city council, Eichholz also read about civil law; In 1526 the council instructed the Wednesday Rent Chamber, “Dr. Ailbert ( read : Ailf; "Ailbert" was his father's name) v. Eychoultz ”for his lecture on the institutions . However, Eichholz also read “about the decree” later. Adolf Eychoultz sealed the “Haich Foundation” established in 1452 by the wine merchant Heinrich Haich, which granted the daughters of poor people subsidies for dowry and was administered by the university's provisional agents. Gerardus Bucoldianus († after 1542) devoted Eichholz 1531 as his host a Cicero -Issue, and Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa dedicated to him in 1533 a commentary on the Ars brevis of Ramon Llull . In 1535 Eichholz became professor of canon law and received an additional salary of 40 guilders. Hermann von Weinsberg (1518–1597) heard from him in 1537 in the first semester of his law studies a lecture on the Decretum Gratiani .

Together with the abbess of St. Cäcilien Elisabeth von Manderscheid-Kail († 1538), Adolf Eicholz (Eyckeholtz) and the vicar Heymann von Ellinckhusen (Eleynckhuysen) certify 1535 as executor of the canon of St. Cäcilien and Mariengraden Eberhard Boum (vamme Boume, dated Baum) († around 1532) the establishment of the "Boumschen Foundation". In August 1538 Eichholz belonged to a joint delegation from the City Council and the University, which negotiated with Archbishop Hermann von Wied in Bonn about a reform of the university.

The Lutheran Count Enno II of East Friesland (1505–1540) secretly planned an attempt at a Counter-Reformation in 1538 and sought support from theologians at Cologne University. Adolf Eichholz, as dean of the law faculty, confirmed the corresponding written agreements in December 1538. Petrus Medmann (1507–1583), who came from Cologne and came to Emden in 1548 , mockingly describes Eichholz as a “little man”.

Johannes Oldendorp paid tribute to Eichholz in forewords in 1540 and 1543 as a colleague and professor “decretorum pontificorum” who had inspired his publications. In 1542 Eichholz was rector of the university; In this function he issued a certificate for Mag. Heinrich Ryswick from Xanten. Johannes Gropper (1503–1559) took over the professorship of decretals that year. Eichholz served as Vice Rector in 1553 and was dean of the law faculty on various occasions. Characteristic for the accuracy of the Cologne lawyer is a pedantic service contract from 1545 with his maid Hille from Hattyngen .

In 1550 Nikolaus Mameranus (1500–1567) dedicated a posthumously published poem to Eichholz “To the praise of Cologne” by Hermann von dem Busche, written around 1530, in which he satirically opposed the Cologne Inquisitors , and in the same year Andrés Laguna referred to 1545 had lived in his house on a visit to Cologne, Eichholz as one of his " nestors ". In 1552 the council asked Eichholz to offer an additional civil law institution lecture instead of the decrees, which were no longer read in Leuven , because of the growth of the university.

In 1553 Eichholz was appointed Vice Chancellor and Conservator of the University's privileges by Rector Kaspar Gropper (1519–1594). At the request of the City of Cologne, he had a copy made of the “ Privilegium de non appellando limitatum ” granted in 1551 by Emperor Charles V in favor of the Cologne Council for amounts in dispute below 300 guilders.

Johannes Reit (Rethius, von Rheydt) (1532–1574), rector of the Dreikronen-Burse on the Eigelstein, mentions “Doctor Roboreus” ( robur = oak in Latin) among the listeners of a sermon by the Jesuit Petrus Canisius (1521–1597) in crowded Cologne Cathedral in November 1557.

Eichholz corresponded and communicated with important humanists of his time such as Erasmus von Rotterdam (* 1465 or 1469; † 1536), Johann Flaming (1469–1532), Tilmann vom Graben (* probably 1474; † after 1557), Pieter Gillis (1486– 1533), Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (1486–1535), Johannes Oldendorp (1487–1567), Ulrich von Hutten (1488–1523), Hermann von Neuenahr (1492–1530), Bonifacius Amerbach (1495–1562), Johann von Vlatten (1498–1562), Andrés Laguna (1499–1559) or Christoph Eschenfelder the Elder . Ä. († after 1546).

Eichholz died in July or November 1563; Professor Jakob Middendorp (around 1537–1611) received his prebend at Mariengraden .

family

Eichholz's sister Baelgen (Sibylle), to whom he had rented a house in Sternengasse, was married to Johann Ott. It was probably the humanist "Johan Ott de Fryckenhusen d [iocoesis] Herbipol [ensis] ", humanist name Johannes Phryssemius (Phrysemius; Frishemius; von Vryssem and the like), 1508 student in Leipzig , enrolled in Cologne in 1510, member of the Montana -Burse, 1522 Baccalauréat, 1525 Dr. the decretals, electoral council, dean of the artist faculty , Regens the Montana Burse. He is probably identical with the chancellor of the Archbishopric of Cologne "Joannes Matthaeus Phrissemius" (Frischheim) († 1533), who in 1523 in Cologne Rudolph Agricolas (1444-1485) re-edited " De inventione dialectica " and was the teacher of Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575) ) was.

The third house in the Sternengasse belonged to Eichholz, the “Stollenhuis”. His niece Guetgen (Jutta) Otten inherited him. A nephew Evergislus Eichholz matriculated in Cologne in 1539 and received his master's degree there in 1541.

swell

• (lost) Ulrich von Hutten: Epistola de Pepericorno ad Adolphum Roboreum Coloniensem [letter of dedication]. In: Exclamatio in sceleratissimam Pepericorni vitam . no date no date [around 1514/15]
  • (reprinted without the letter to Roboreus / Eichholz) In sceleratissimam Ioannis Pepericorni uitam, Ulr. off hat. Eq. Exclamatio . In: Helius Eobanus Hessus (Ed.): Vlrichi Hvtteni Eqvitis Germani Opera Poetica . Ex diuersis illius monumentis in unum collecta, quorum elenchum sequens pagina habet. o. O. o. J. [Egenolff, Frankfurt am Main] 1538, pp. 252–256 ( digitized version of the Paderborn University Library)

Works

• (Handwriting) Index librorum Nationis Germanicae or Index Eichholz , Orléans 1516 (Archives Départementales du Loiret D 244)
• (Handwriting) Ad omnipotentis Dei laudem totius Germanie decus atque ad imperialis Alemanie nostre nationis honorem Adolphi Roborei Agrippini de laudibus Germanie ejusque gentis breviuscula commendatio (short: De laudibus Germaniae eiusdem gentis or Laus Germaniae ), Orléetans 1517 (Archives du Département 244 P. 45f)

presentation

• Donor picture of canon Adolf Eichholz from St. Mariengraden, around 1530, Wallraf-Richartz-Museum & Fondation Corboud Cologne (inv.-no.WRM 0264) - Rheinisches Bildarchiv Cologne, picture no. RBA 30 107; Online search at the Photo Archive Photo Marburg , search term "Adolf Eichholz" (accessed on January 23, 2016)

literature

• Franz Joseph von Bianco: The old University of Cologne and the later scholarly schools of this city , Bd. I / 1. J. M. Heberle / H. Lempertz, Cologne 1855, p. 684f and p. 833 ( Google Books )
• Peter G. Bietenholz, Thomas Brian Deutscher (Eds.): Contemporaries of Erasmus . A biographical register of the Renaissance and Reformation. Volume I: AE. University of Toronto Press, Toronto / Buffalo / London 1985, ISBN 0-8020-2507-2 , pp. 426 ( limited preview in Google Book search). , see. P. 57f ( Google Books )
• Hermann Keussen : Contract between Cologne professor Adolf Eichholtz and his maid Hilla von Hattingen from 1545 . In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 10 (1912), pp. 317–319
• Gustav C. Knod: German students in Bologna (1289-1562). Biographical index to the Acta nationis Germanicae universitatis Bononiensis . R. von Decker (G. Schenck), o. O. (Berlin) 1899, p. 107 ( digitized in the Internet Archive)
• Jules Mathorez: Un Étudiant pangermaniste à Orléans in 1517 . In: Bulletin du Bibliophile (1913), pp. 474-484 = separate print H. Leclerc, Paris 1914 = Annales du CESERE Littérature, relations ethniques et racismes 3 (1980), pp. 120-127
• Hilde De Ridder-Symoens (arr.): Les livres des procurateurs de la nation germanique de l'ancienne Université d'Orléans 1444–1602 . Vol. I / 2/1 Biographies des étudiants . Brill, Leiden 1978, p. 338ff
• Cornelia Maria Ridderikhoff: Jean Pyrrhus d'Anglebermes. Rechtswetenschap en humanisme aan de universiteit van Orléans in het begin van de 16e eeuw (legal history studies 8), diss. Universitätsschrift, Leiden 1981, p. 46ff
• Sven Stelling-Michaud: Les influences universitaires sur l'eclosion du sentiment national allemand aux 15e et 16e siècles . In: Swiss contributions to general history 3 (1945), pp. 62–73, 67ff

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See the list of church masters in Konstantin Höhlbaum (ed.), Hermann von Weinsberg: Das Buch Weinsberg. Cologne Memorabilia from the 16th Century , Vol. I. (Publications of the Society for Rhenish History 3). Alphons Dürr, Leipzig 1886, p. 326f.
2. ^ Cf. Elisabeth M. Kloosterhuis: Erasmus disciples as political reformer. The ideal of humanism and rulership practice on the Lower Rhine in the 16th century . (Rheinisches Archiv 148). Böhlau, Cologne 2006, p. 567.
3. ↑ 1487 “zom Haissen”, 1517 “House of Haese near the hostel zonder fat hens” in the shrine district of St. Laurenz ; Hermann Keussen : Topography of the City of Cologne in the Middle Ages , Vol. I (Prize writings of the Mevissen Foundation 2.1). Hanstein, Bonn 1910, p. 312 ( digitized version of the University and City Library Cologne).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Letter from Adolph Eichholz to Erasmus from October 6, 1518 from Cologne (University Library Breslau, MS Rehdiger 254, sheets 56f), in which three earlier letters from Eichholz are mentioned. In: Percy Stafford Allen / Helen Mary Allen (eds.): Opus Epistolarum Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami Vol. III 1517-1519 . University Press, Oxford 1913, No. 866, pp. 390–392 ( Open Library ) = Sir Roger Aubrey Baskerville Mynors / Douglas Ferguson Scott Thomson / Peter G. Bietenholz: Collected Works of Erasmus , Vol. VI The Correspondence of Erasmus. Letters 842-992 (1518-1519) . Toronto Press, Toronto 1982, No. 866, p. 111f, esp. P. 112 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
5. ↑ On. On July 3, 1586, Weinsberg mentions in his Liber senectutis (p. 584f) that “we were attacked after the Birckman brook” near Junkersdorf.
6. ^ Document dated November 9, 1545; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 102 shrine documents Schöffenschrein, U 3/276).
7. ↑ See historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 251 Mariengraden, U 1/318, see U 1/328; U 2/375); Anna-Dorothee von den Brincken : The St. Mariengraden Abbey in Cologne. Documents and files 1059–1817 (communications from the Cologne City Archives 57), Vol. I, Cologne: Paul Neubner 1969, pp. 144, 150, 176, 241, 336, 382, ​​391, 453, 461, 478 and 507.
8. ^ ^{A b} Letters from Guillaume Budé to Erasmus from April 12th and 20th, 1518 from Paris. In: Percy Stafford Allen / Helen Mary Allen (eds.): Opus Epistolarum Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami Vol. III 1517-1519 , Oxford: University Press 1913, No. 810 and 819, pp. 268 and 288 [indirect mention of Eichholz '] ( Open Library ).
9. ↑ Hermann von dem Busche (Buschius) dedicated the commentary to Glarean and "Adelphus Eicholz Agrippinus": Cl. Claudiani Proserpinae raptus cum Hermanni Buschii Pasiphili erudito ac familiari commentario . Martin von Werden, Cologne 1514; see. also Hermann Hamelmann : De vita, studiis, itineribus, scriptis et laboribus Hermanni Buschii (1584) . In: Heinrich Detmer / Carl Hosius (eds.): Hermann Hamelmanns Geschichtliche Werke , Vol. I / 2, Aschendorff, Münster 1905, p. 62 ( Open Library ).
10. ↑ ^{a b c d} Literature letter from Ulrich von Hutten to Adolph Eichholz (Roboreus), around 1514/15; see. Johann Heinrich May the Elder : Vita Jo. Reuchlini Phorcensis . Christoph Olffen, Frankfurt am Main / Speyer 1687, p. 253f [brief summary] ( Bayerische StaatsBibliothek digital ), ( Google Books ), print lost.
11. ^ Cf. Karl Krafft / Wilhelm Crecelius : Contributions to the history of humanism on the Lower Rhine and in Westphalia , Vol. I. Samuel Lucas, Elberfeld 1870, p. 45f ( Google Books ).
12. ↑ 1504 matriculated in Cologne, son of the professor of law Christian von Conradsheim called Isermenger (1450–1526), ​​who was rector of the university several times and commissioner of the “Adoration of the Kings” of the master of St. Severin; see. Gustav C. Knod: German students in Bologna (1289-1562). Biographical index to the Acta nationis Germanicae universitatis Bononiensis . R. von Decker (G. Schenck), o. O. (Berlin) 1899, p. 268.
13. ^ Letter from Guillaume Budé to Adolph Eichholz (Roboreus) dated February 22, 1520. In: Epistolae Gulielmi Budęi Regii Secretarii . Jodocus Badius , undated [Paris] 1520, p. 49f ( Google Books ) (and other editions); see. Louis Delaruelle: Repertoire Analytique Et Chronologique de la Correspondance de Guillaume Bude . Edouard Privat, Toulouse / Edouard Cornely, Paris 1907, p. 99, cf. P. 34f.
14. ↑ See also Historical Archive of the City of Cologne (holdings 251 Mariengraden, U 1/328), document dated December 9, 1521.
15. ^ Letter from Johann von Vlatten to Adolph Eichholz from May 15, 1520 from Orléans. In: Jakob Middendorp: Academiarum orbis Christiani libri duo . Maternus Cholinus, Cologne 1572, pp. 343-345 ( Google Books ).
16. ↑ file description of the tithes and loads Heimersheim , 1677; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 251 Mariengraden, A 32b).
17. ^ Entry from March 5, 1526; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 10B council minutes, A 6, sheet 80).
18. ↑ Entry from May 14, 1535; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 10B council minutes, A 9, sheet 267).
19. ↑ Cf. Manfred Groten: The foundations of the Cologne citizen Heinrich Haich from 1452 . In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 73 (2009), pp. 31–78; 74 (2010): 79-126; 75: 134-170 (2011).
20. ^ Documents of September 3, 1523 and January 6, 1528; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 1 main document archive, U 1/16225 and U 1/16423).
21. ↑ Also “Gerhard Bucoltz, Bucholds, Geraldus Bucoldus u. Ä. ”, probably from Bocholt near Liège ; later philologist and personal physician to King Ferdinand I (1503–1564).
22. ↑ Dedication letter from Gerardus Bucoldianus to Adolph Eichholz (Dryoxylos). In: MT Ciceronis de partitione oratoria dialogus . Johannes Gymnich, Cologne 1531.
23. ↑ ^{a b} Letter of dedication from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim to Adolph Eichholz (Roboreus), undated, on: In Artem Breuem Raymundi Lullij Commentaria or expressly on the tabula abbreviata commentariorum artis inventivae prepared for it . Johannes Soter, Cologne 1533 ( digital copy of the Johannes a Lasco Library Emden, Hardenberg Collection).
24. ↑ Cf. Liber Iuventutis , p. 77 ( Complete digital edition of the University of Bonn, Department for Rhenish Regional History).
25. ^ Documents of November 24, 1534, February 1, 1535, August 20, 1556 and October 18, 1558; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 156 foundations, U 3/5; holdings 210 Domstift, U 1/2505; holdings 207 Cäcilien, U 3/346 (formerly: Collection A 10; cf. A 20) and U 3/389) .
26. ^ ^{A b} Cf. Leonard Ennen: History of the City of Cologne. Mostly from sources in the city archive , Vol. IV. Schwann, Cologne / Neuss 1875, p. 674, cf. Pp. 112 and 372.
27. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Ritter: An attempt at counter-reformation by Count Ennos II (1538) . In: Yearbook of the Society for Fine Art and Patriotic Antiquities in Emden 21 (1925), pp. 197–215, esp. Pp. 204f, 210f and 214 note 17 ( online (PDF; 28.0 MB) on the website of the East Frisian Landscape ); Henning P. Juergens: Johannes a Lasco in East Friesland. The career of a European reformer (late Middle Ages and Reformation 18). Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2002, p. 419.
28. ↑ "Adolphus Roborius, Legum Doctor quidem, atque utinam re ipsa, canon ad Gradus Mariae Coloniae, homullulus"; Side note to a letter from Guillaume Budé in the Erasmus edition from the possession of Medmann ( Omnia Opera , Vol. III Epistolas Complectens Vniversas Qvotqvot Ipse Avtor Vnqvam Evvlgavit . Froben, Basel 1540); see. Friedrich Ritter: A Counter-Reformation Attempt by Count Ennos II (1538) . In: Yearbook of the Society for Fine Arts and Patriotic Antiquities in Emden 21 (1925), p. 214.
29. ^ Johannes Oldendorp: Practica actionum forensium absolutissima , vol. I. Johannes Gymnich, Cologne 1540, foreword ( Bavarian State Library digital ); Ders .: Actionem forensium progymnasmata, interpretatio item complectens universi iuriscognitionem . Gymnich, Cologne 1543.
30. ↑ Cf. Hildegard Föhl: Xantener Kanoniker. IV. Heinrich Ryswick (1510-1580) . In: Home calendar for the district of Moers 1967, pp. 99-102.
31. ↑ Cf. Main State Archive Düsseldorf (Xanten, Viktorstift, 134), Regest of a document from July 19, 1542: Adolph Eycholtz of Cologne, Doctor of Artes and both rights, canon of the collegiate church of St. Mariengraden in Cologne, rector of the university, testifies ... .
32. ↑ Flora Hermanni Bvschii Pasiphili in ampliss [imae] clariss [imae] q [ue] vrbis Agrippinae Coloniae laudem, olim ab eodem authore rocognita ac ornatiss [imo] eruditissimoq [ue] viro artium & vtrius [que] Iuris Doctori & Professori Adolph Agrippinensi nuncupatim dedicata . Henrich Mameranus, Cologne 1550; see. Letter from Hermann von dem Busche to Martin Bucer dated April 1530. In: Martin Bucer: Briefwechsel / Correspondance , Vol. IV. Brill, Leiden 2000, pp. 82–84, especially notes 9 and 10.
33. ↑ Cf. Raphael Finckenstein: The Spanish surgeons of the 16th century II . In: German Clinic (1865); No. 51, pp. 477-481, especially p. 478.
34. ^ ^{A b} cf. Andrea à Lacuna: Victus ratio, scholasticis pauperibus paratu facilis & salubris . Adiectus est quoque libellus de victus & exercitiorum ratione . Henrich Mameranus, Cologne 1550, unpaginated [Introduction to De victus & exercitiorum ratione ] ( Google Books ).
35. ^ Entry from April 4, 1552; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (inventory 10B council minutes, A 16, sheet 122).
36. ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 1 main document archive, U 3/17179 and U 3/17249); see. Supplement to trial files , 1555–1557; (Inventory 310 Reichskammergericht - letters S, A 123).
37. ↑ Cf. Otto Braunsberger: Beati Petri Canisii, Societas Iesu, epistulae et actae , Vol. II 1556-1560 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, pp. 804-806, especially p. 805.
38. ↑ ^{a b c d} Letter from Adolph Eichholz (Dryoxylos) to Erasmus of October 23, 1528 (No. 2071), In: Percy Stafford Allen / Helen Mary Allen (ed.): Opus Epistolarum Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami Vol. VII 1527-1528 . University Press, Oxford 1928, pp. 530f.
39. ^ Letter from Erasmus to Adolph Eichholz (Dryoxylos) of July 24, 1532 from Freiburg. In: Percy Stafford Allen / Heathcote William Garrod (ed.): Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi Roterodami Vol. X 1532-1534 . University Press, Oxford 1941, p. 68 ( Open Library ).
40. ↑ Also: Tileman Gravius ​​o. Ä, humanist name: Tillmannus de fossa alias de Colonia; Magister, friend of Erasmus, 1512–1544 secretary of the Cologne cathedral chapter.
41. ^ Letters from Adolph Eichholz to Bonifacius Amerbach of August 24, 1526, April 8, 1527, April 27, 1528 and June 1, 1528. In: Alfred Hartmann: Die Amerbachkorrespondenz , Vol. III The letters from the years 1525-1530 . Verlag der Universitätsbibliothek, Basel 1947, esp.p. 183f. And p. 245f.
42. ↑ See document of May 12, 1565; Historical archive of the city of Cologne (holdings 102 shrine documents Schöffenschrein, U 2/359).