Weeping, lamenting, worrying, feeling uneasy
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Weeping, lamenting, worrying, feeling uneasy | |
| BWV: | 12 |
| Occasion: | Jubilate |
| Year of origin: | 1714 |
| Place of origin: | Weimar |
| Genus: | Church cantata |
| Solo : | ATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Tr Ob Fg 2Vn 2Va Bc |
| AD : | approx. 28 min |
| text | |
| Salomon Franck ? Samuel Rodigast | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
Weeping, Lamenting, Worrying, Zagen ( BWV 12) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . Bach later reworked the opening part of the eponymous choral movement for the Crucifixus of his B minor Mass .
Emergence
This cantata is one of the early works from Bach's Weimar period . It was composed for the service in the palace chapel on April 22, 1714. With his appointment as concertmaster , Bach had also taken on the obligation to compose and perform a monthly church cantata. Crying, lamenting, worrying, hesitating was the second of the resulting compositions after Bach took office. The mostly freely composed text probably comes from Salomon Franck , the author of most of Bach's Weimar cantatas. The final chorale is the last stanza of the hymn What God does is well done by Samuel Rodigast . Another performance in G minor instead of the original F minor with only minor changes compared to the original version has been recorded for April 30, 1724 in Leipzig .
text
The cantata is intended for the third Sunday after Easter ( Jubilate ), which is based on the Gospel text Joh 16,16-23 LUT ( your sadness should be turned into joy ). The text of the cantata alludes to this idea and contrasts the suffering of the believer with the suffering of Christ in order to finally announce the end of all hardship to the faithful Christian.
occupation
- Vocal soloists: alto , tenor , bass
- Choir: soprano , alto, tenor, bass
- Orchestra: violin I / II, viola I / II, oboe , bassoon , trumpet , basso continuo
Classification
- Sinfonia
- Coro: Crying, complaining, worrying, feeling anxious
- Recitativo (alto, violins): We have to enter the kingdom of God through much tribulation
- Aria (alto, oboe): Cross and crown are connected
- Aria (bass, violins): I am following Christ
- Aria (tenor, trumpet): Be faithful, all torments
- Choral (violin): What God does is done well
music
Like many cantatas from Bach's time in Weimar, the work begins with an introductory sinfonia . In this first part, a solo oboe paints the sound of "lamenting".
The first part of the following choral movement in da capo form is a chaconne in 3/2 time. It is based on an ostinato in the continuo that drops in steps of one second . With the utmost economy of means, the vocal parts each sing only one word at first, like a long sigh. Gradually compressing these four words, they stay with them until the seventh repetition of the bass figure, to which they continue the text homophonically . The middle section, the text of which consists only of the subordinate clause (about the Christians) “who carry the sign of Jesus”, is designed to be more fluid in contrast, Un poco allegro , and Andante ends with ascending voices.
The following sequence of three arias without connecting recitatives after the biblical recitative is unusual . This makes it clear that the transition from the older cantata type to the standardized modern form coined by Erdmann Neumeister did not take place abruptly in Bach and that both forms stand side by side in Bach's work of this time. The tenor aria is accompanied by a solo trumpet that quotes the chorale melody "Jesu, Meine Freude".
To the four-part final chorale, in which the instruments usually only amplify the choir parts, the composer adds a fifth obbligato part for violin, which closes the work particularly brilliantly.
Recordings
DVD
- Weep, complain, worry, and be alarmed. Cantata BWV 12. Rudolf Lutz , choir and orchestra of the JS Bach Foundation , Margot Oitzinger (alto), Bernhard Berchtold (tenor), Wolf Matthias Friedrich (bass). Including an introductory workshop and reflection by Andrea Köhler . Gallus Media, 2014.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 .
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of the cantatas by JS Bach. 1947, 5th edition 1984. ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
- Hans-Joachim Schulze: The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas. Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt (Edition Bach Archive Leipzig), Leipzig, ISBN 3-374-02390-8 ; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-89948-073-2 .
- Christoph Wolff , Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas. Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
- Günther Zedler: The preserved church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach. Norderstedt 2008, ISBN 978-3-8370-4401-0 , pp. 64-68.
Web links
- Cantata BWV 12 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Materials for the cantata BWV 12 at Bach Digital of the Bach Archives Leipzig
- BWV 12 Weeping, lamenting, worrying, hesitating Text, structure and occupation on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
