Tree nursery Späth

Tree nursery Späth (2014)

The tree nursery Späth ( company : Späth'sche Baumschulen Handel GmbH ) is a tree nursery on Späthstrasse in the Treptow-Köpenick district of Berlin . The company in the Baumschulenweg district is one of the oldest in Berlin and goes back to a fruit and vegetable nursery founded by Christoph Späth in Kreuzberg in 1720 . After moving to the rural community of Britz behind the then city limits and the expansion of the area, the Späth'sche tree nursery was the largest tree nursery in the world with around 225 hectares in 1900  .

The Späth Arboretum, laid out in the style of English landscape gardens by Franz Späth from 1879 onwards, is located on the site . Since 1966, it has been open to everyone on some days of the week during the summer months. The rest of the time, it is used by the Biology Faculty of Berlin's Humboldt University with around 200 students for teaching, research and public relations.

history

Franz Späth

Memorial plaque on the manor house

Christoph Späth (1696–1746) bought a first piece of land on Am Johannestisch street east of Hallesches Tor in Kreuzberg for 300 thalers . After his death, his son Carl Späth continued the business from 1746. In order to expand plant cultivation, he moved the business to Luisenstadt on Köpenicker Straße in 1760 . This enabled the cultivation area to be increased to eight Prussian acres . That corresponds to about two  hectares . After Carl Späth's death in 1782, his wife Anna continued the business, followed by their son Friedrich from 1792. Under his direction, the fruit and vegetable market was transformed into a model institute and a place of study in accordance with his scientific and artistic interests.

Friedrich Späth's son Ludwig took over the nursery in 1831. His main interest was growing flowers and he shifted the focus of the nursery to growing flowers and potted plants. These were increasingly sold nationwide, so that the first price lists were printed as early as 1856 and also sent abroad. The first catalog appeared in 1862.

Manor house, built on behalf of Franz Späth

A year later, Franz Späth bought the tree nursery from his father and in the following years he acquired large areas of the Cöllnische Heide, which was cleared by 1840 in the area that would later become Berlin-Baumschulenweg . He named the company in memory of his father L. Späth , under which name it was entered in the commercial register in 1903. By the end of the 19th century, the largest tree nursery in the world developed on this site with a fully planted area of ​​120 hectares. A representative mansion was built in 1874 on the site that has served the Humboldt University as an institute building since the 1950s . In addition to the manor house, Franz Späth had an arboretum built in the English garden style by the Berlin city gardening director Johann Heinrich Gustav Meyer , from which the later Späth arboretum emerged .

In 1890 the tree nursery got a railway connection of the Görlitzer Bahn with the Baumschulenweg station .

Bismarck plants a tree in the Späth tree nursery

At that time, the tree nursery had such a great reputation in Germany and around the world that numerous celebrities were among its customers. Franz Späth was the personal gardening advisor to Reich Chancellor Bismarck and General von Moltke . He knew how to use these relationships skillfully for his company. So Bismarck and Count Moltke each planted a linden tree in front of the Späth house. For the 200th anniversary of the company, the former Kaiser Wilhelm II gave the tree nursery a mountain ash from his park in Doorn , which was planted by his second oldest son, Prince Eitel Friedrich von Prussia . General von Gluck planted a spruce and the Grand Duke of Oldenburg a laurel cherry .

Catalog of the tree nursery Späth 1898

Catalog of the tree nursery Späth 1900

In 1911, Hellmut Späth , Franz Späth's son, initially joined the company as an authorized signatory before taking over sole management in 1912. He had studied botany and philosophy in Berlin and Cambridge and received his doctorate at the Agricultural University .

Hellmut Späth joined the NSDAP as early as 1933 . His company profited from these contacts and received orders for the greening of motorways, for the construction of the Olympic Stadium in Berlin and the airport in Tempelhof. Späth's first wife and thus also the daughter from this marriage were Jewish, and Späth also employed Jews in his tree nursery. In 1943 Hellmut Späth was arrested and sentenced to one year imprisonment for “dealing with Jews and hidden propaganda and rooting out work against Germany”. He was deported to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp and murdered on February 15, 1945.

After the Second World War , most of the areas in Baumschulenweg were devastated and the buildings damaged. Many gardeners died in the war. The company was transferred to trust property by the German trust agency on December 8, 1947 and public property in 1949 . The Berlin tree nursery was affiliated with VEG Saatzucht Dresden, the tree nursery in Ketzin was continued as the VEG tree nursery Ernst Thälmann , which specializes in fruit tree cultivation . Even in the GDR era , tree nurseries continued to grow successfully. These varieties gained recognition, prizes and medals at exhibitions at home and abroad.

Tree quarters of the tree nursery VEG Saatzucht in Späthsfelde, 1977

Hellmut Späth's daughter, the journalist and television presenter Dagmar Späth, founded a new tree nursery in Finckensteinallee after the war. After she was killed in a car accident in 1959, the company existed in Zehlendorf until 1970.

After the reunification , the business came under trust management again and was transferred back to the heirs of the Späth family in the spring of 1997. Initially, a community of heirs continued the tree nursery, which included Manfred Späth, son of Hellmut Späth. A few years later it was transferred to a consortium with the partners Georg Graf zu Castell-Castell and Felix Gädicke, Christian von Stechow and Christoph Rechberg.

In 2018 the tree nursery relocated most of its cultivation areas to Brandenburg. The reason was fee demands from the BSR , which are not acceptable for the company.

owner

• 1720–1746: Christoph Späth (1696–1746)
• 1746–1782: Carl Späth (1721–1782)
• 1782–1792: Anna Späth
• 1792–1831: Friedrich Späth (1768–1831)
• 1831–1863: Ludwig Späth (1793–1883)
• 1863–1912: Franz Späth (1839–1913)
• 1912–1945: Hellmut Späth (1885–1945)
• 1945–1949: Dagmar Brockhues b. Späth (1922–1959) and Manfred Späth (* 1942) in equal parts
• 1949–1997: property of the people
• 1997– 0000: Community of heirs of the Späth family

The branches in Falkenrehde and Ketzin

Since the expansion possibilities in Berlin were limited due to the urban location, Franz Späth acquired a site in Falkenrehde near Potsdam in 1895 in order to establish a branch of the tree nursery there. Here he had the opportunity to gradually enlarge the area by purchasing a total of five farms.

The construction of the Teltow Canal and the Britzer Branch Canal also led to a drop in the groundwater level from around 1900, which meant that some areas of the tree nursery on Baumschulenweg could no longer be used economically and had to be abandoned, which is why the branch in Falkenrehde was further expanded.

In 1917 Hellmut Späth gave up the area in Falkenrehde after he had bought the manor Albrechts von Ketzin in Neu-Ketzin , on which he was building a new tree nursery. The new location had the advantage that it had a rail connection, which made it much easier to send tree nursery products by rail. The estate acquired by Späth included a total of 1700 acres of land, on which Späth set up a tree nursery, which among other things had a packing shed and its own siding.

From 1919 onwards, Erich Otto Heinrich Maurer (1884–1981) was in charge of the tree nursery in Ketzin . From 1927 he was general director of the tree nursery until he was appointed to the chair for horticultural crop production and director of the institute of the same name at the Agricultural University in Berlin in 1929 .

In 1924 Hellmut Späth bought the villa of the former brickworks owner Mannheimer on the road to Vorketzin. The brick factory was closed after the First World War . Hellmut Spät was regularly in Ketzin to monitor the nursery and wanted to live in the villa and receive business partners during his stays. He renovated and modernized the building, which was on a hill, very costly. Among other things, he had a roof terrace built, which offered an extensive view of the tree nursery area.

In order to be able to further expand the Ketzin location, Späth built dormitories for the workers of the tree nursery and advocated the construction of a single home and a middle school for the children of the senior employees in Ketzin. He planned to turn Ketzin into a garden city and began building an arboretum in Ketziner Bruch as well as planning a golf course there. These plans, however, were opposed to the interests of the social democratic Mayor of Ketzin, Karl Reumschüssel, who wanted to set up industrial companies in the place in order to create jobs. Among other things, he sponsored the construction of a large-scale garbage dump by WIMAG and BIMAG in the abandoned clay pits that were in the immediate vicinity of the Späthschen Villa. The landfill was an important employer for Reumschüssel, while Späth saw it primarily as an environmental burden that stood in the way of his plans.

In the Ketzin business, the focus was initially on the cultivation of fruit trees and the cultivation of fruit bases. During the Second World War the company switched to the production of potatoes and vegetables in order to feed the starving population. After the end of the war, the tree nursery was continued as a state-owned property and from 1950 was named VEG Volksbaumschule Ernst Thälmann . Later it was affiliated to the VEG Saatzucht Baumschulen Dresden and from 1978 the VEG Baumschule Markee. During the GDR era, in addition to fruit trees, mainly avenue trees and ornamental trees were grown in the tree nursery.

The garden design department

The tree nursery received increasing orders to design villa gardens and parks. At first the company worked with leading garden architects and was only responsible for executing the plans. In 1895 Franz Späth founded his own garden design department and commissioned Wilhelm Teetzmann (* 1866, † 1927), who had been with the Späth company since 1889, to set up and manage it. In 1912 Carl Kempkes (1881–1964), who had been employed as a garden architect at Späth from 1909, took over the management of the department. After Kempke's promotion to general director of the company, the garden architect Georg Gunder became head of the department.

Späth's department for garden design shaped the garden style of the time, especially between 1910 and 1930. A combination of a representative architectural and landscape garden was created, whereby the center of the facility is structured according to architectural criteria and merges into a more free design at the edge of the facility. Frequent design elements were white-painted pergolas and benches made of wood, climbing arches and trellises as well as hedges, borders and high rose trunks. Separate special gardens and terraces with limestone walls were created within the complex. For the planting of the gardens and parks planned by the garden design department, the new cultivations and introductions of the Späth tree nursery and perennial cultivations by Karl Foerster were often used. The very successful department designed numerous systems in the Berlin area, but also throughout Germany, Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland and Estonia.

Many young garden architects attached great importance to working in the department from which numerous well-known and renowned garden designers emerged.

Parks and gardens designed by the garden design department of the Späth tree nursery

• 1862 Am Südstern cemetery, garden monument
• 1907 Garden of the country house of the architect Ernst Lessing, Inselstrasse 34/35
• 1908 Garden of the Villa Lemm , Rothenbücher Weg 2/4. Berlin-Gatow district
• 1910 Garden of the Villa Spickenbaum in Osterfeld, now Oberhausen Osterfeld, Vestische Straße
• 1912–1914 sports field in the Volkspark Wilmersdorf , garden monument
• around 1914 Villa Salinger , Am Großen Wannsee 50
• 1922–23 villa garden Villa Schönberg , Bismarckstrasse 30A, Berlin-Wannsee district, garden monument
• 1923 Villengarten Am Sandwerder 41 , Berlin-Wannsee district, garden monument
• 1924–31, garden at Heerstrasse 90 , Berlin-Westend district, garden monument
• 1924–25, garden at Preußenallee 24 , Berlin-Westend district, garden monument
• 1924–1930 Gardens of the Villa Otto Petschek in Prague
• 1925 Weissensee municipal cemetery, Roelckestrasse 46/51, Berlin-Pankow, garden monument
• Around 1925 garden and park of the Villa Hornschuh , Hornschuchhöhe 2, Kulmbach-Seidenhof, Upper Franconia
• 1928 Rock garden in the garden of the residential building at Branitzer Platz 5 , Berlin-Westend district, garden monument
• 1929 Villa garden of the Lindemann house , Am Rupenhorn 5, Berlin-Westend district, garden monument
• 1929/30 Hetenhof garden and park , Lorenz-Sandler-Strasse 26, Kulmbach-Ziegelhütten, Upper Franconia
• around 1932 golf course on the White Deer near Dresden
• 1933–1938 Redesign of the Prillwitz Dendrological Garden
• around 1937 park of Dobbin Castle ; the castle was demolished in 1947

Plant breeding and market launches by the Späth tree nursery

Numerous new varieties of ornamental and useful plants were created in the Späth tree nursery. In order to expand the range, Franz Späth also financed various expeditions, mainly to the Balkans, Transcaucasia, California and Colorado, where plants were collected and then grown in the tree nursery. Among other things, Carl Albert Purpus collected trees in North America for Späth.

• Anna Späth , Zwetschge , acquired by Franz Späth in 1870 as a seedling from Kadoszbeg in Hungary and brought onto the market in 1874
• Moltke linden (Tilia × moltkei), hybrid of the American lime (Tilia americana) and the silver lime (Tilia tomentosa 'Petiolaris' or Tilia petiolaris); Created around 1883 in the Späth tree nursery and named after General Moltke , who planted a specimen of this tree in front of Späth's house when he visited the tree nursery in 1888
• In memory of Ludwig Späth , Flieder , put on the market in 1883
• Souvenir de Malmaison blanche , syn.Prince Crown, Bourbon rose , put on the market before 1883
• Ligustre vulg. pyramidale L. Späth , Privet , Marketed in 1883
• Minister Dr. Lucius , Pear , placed on the market in 1884; honors the Prussian Agriculture Minister Robert Lucius von Ballhausen
• Dr. Bolle , Clematis , launched in 1887, named after the botanist Carl August Bolle
• Crown Princess Viktoria , syn. Souvenir de la Malmaison jaune , Bourbon rose, discovered by Vollert, brought to the market by Späth around 1888
• Acer platanoides Stollii , a cultivated form of Spitz maple , originated in 1888 as a seedling in the nursery Spaeth
• Elsa Späth , Clematis, launched in 1891, named after a daughter of Franz Späth (1884–1972)
• Berberis diaphana Maxima L. Späth , barberry brought onto the market in 1895
• Director Trelle , Clematis, launched in 1897, named after Friedrich Trelle, who was director of the Späth building school for almost 30 years
• Britzer Rose (Rosa britzensis KOEHNE), wild rose , marketed by Späth in 1901
• Hildegard Späth , Clematis, launched in 1901, named after the daughter of Franz Späth
• La Mélusine , Rugosa Hybrid Rose, launched in 1906
• Späths Rubin , Strawberry , launched in 1906
• Wilhelmine Späth , Strawberry, launched in 1906, named after Franz Späth's wife
• Forsythia intermedia spectabilis Koehne L. Späth, Forsythie , placed on the market in 1906
• Purple Alnus x Späthii , hybrid of Alnus japonica and Alnus subcordata , found in the arboretum of the nursery in 1908
• Astrid Späth , Floribundarose , brought on the market in 1930, named after Hellmut Späth's second wife
• Mrs. Olive Sackett , Floribunda rose, first marketed in 1931, named after the wife of the US Ambassador, Frederic M. Sackett
• Dagmar Späth , Floribundarose, launched in 1936, named after Hellmut Späth's daughter
• Yellow-colored dogwood ( Cornus alba Späthi )
• Golden honeysuckle (Lonicera × tellmanniana Magyar ex HL Späth)
• Dr. Otto Petschek , Berg-Aster, bred for Otto Petschek

Honors

The New Späthbrücke on the Teltow Canal in Berlin

• When an independent district emerged in the then Treptow district in 1945, it was given the name Baumschulenweg and thus reminds of the tradition of the Späth family that began here.
• In the districts of Berlin-Baumschulenweg and Berlin-Britz , the street that runs alongside the tree nursery was named Späthstraße in 1903. As an extension of Späthstraße leads to the paved by initiative Franz Späth Baumschulenstraße to the presence of the nursery under the S-Bahn station Baumschulenweg and terminates on the banks of the Spree at a pier of the ferry F11 .
• The bridge over the nearby Teltow Canal, inaugurated in 1906 as the Späthstrasse Bridge, honors the gardener family, as does the New Späth Bridge . The bridge that was built in 1904 and renewed between 1994 and 1996 and leads Baumschulenstrasse over the Britzer connecting canal is called the Baumschulenbrücke .
• On the site on Baumschulenweg / Königsheideweg / Späthstraße / Britzer Allee, which was abandoned after 1917, the Späthsfelde housing estate was later built with numerous allotment gardens . From the year 2000, the Zapf settlement "Späthsches Viertel" was built on Königsheideweg as a larger row house settlement.
• The entire ensemble of the tree nursery with its buildings and garden areas is classified as a cultural monument. At Späthstrasse 80/81, a Berlin plaque commemorates Franz Späth.

Stumbling block for Hellmut Späth at Baumschulenweg 80–81

• On the stairs to the administration office of the tree nursery, a stumbling stone , which was laid in 2010 to mark the company's 290th anniversary, reminds of Hellmut Späth, who was murdered in Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

Rose Späth's anniversary

• The Rose nursery Kordes called the Floribunda Rose in 1970 Spaeth's anniversary in honor of the 250 anniversary of the nursery Spaeth. The rose varieties Max Buntzel (Soupert & Notting 1899), Heinrich Wendland (Kordes 1930), Carl Kempkes (Kordes 1938), Professor Erich Maurer (Tepelmann 1939) and Wilhelm Teetzmann (Kordes 1943) were named in honor of senior staff at the Späth tree nursery.

Former Employees

Numerous well-known gardeners completed their gardening training at the Späth tree nursery or worked here as gardeners or landscape architects:

• Max Buntzel (* 1850, † 1907) was a royal horticultural director, Berlin tree nursery and plantation owner. He completed an apprenticeship as a gardener at the Späth tree nursery.
• Carl Albert Purpus (* 1851, † 1941) was a German plant collector. He collected woody plants in North America for the Späth tree nursery.
• Wilhelm Teetzmann (* 1866, † 1926) initially worked as a gardener's assistant at Späth from 1889, from 1895 he headed the garden design department and was director of the tree nursery from 1909
• Hans Stollhoff (* 1870) headed the commercial department from 1904.
• Carl Kempkes (* 1881, † 1964) was a German garden architect. From 1909 he worked for the Späth tree nursery, from 1912 as head of the garden design department and from 1930 to 1943 as general director.
• Erich Otto Heinrich Maurer (* 1884, † 1981) was the director of the Institute for Horticultural Crop Production at the Agricultural University in Berlin. Maurer worked from 1911 as a garden architect in the garden design department. From 1919 he headed the tree nursery in Ketzin (Mark Brandenburg) and was the company's general director from 1927.
• Gustav Allinger (* 1891, † 1974) was a German landscape architect. From 1921 Allinger worked in the garden design department at the Späth tree nursery.
• Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand Hübotter (* 1895, † 1976) was a German garden and landscape architect and university professor. After an apprenticeship at the Hanover city nursery, he worked at Späth during his traveling years.
• Georg Pniower (* 1896, † 1960) was a gardener, landscape architect and professor of gardening and national culture. From 1922 he worked as a senior garden architect at Späth.
• Otto Valentien (* 1897, † 1987) was a German garden architect and painter. He worked in the garden design department at the Späth tree nursery until 1927.
• Herta Hammerbacher (* 1900, † 1985) was a German garden and landscape architect. She worked as a draftsman in the garden design department from 1926 before starting to work for Karl Foerster .
• Reinhold Lingner (* 1902, † 1968) was one of the leading landscape and garden architects in the GDR. Lingner completed an apprenticeship as a gardener in the L. Späth tree nursery from 1919 to 1921 and worked in the garden design department from 1925 to 1927.
• Hermann Göritz (* 1902, † 1998) was a gardener and landscape architect. He worked as an assistant at the Späth tree nursery in Ketzin.
• Theodor Nietner (* 1905, † 1988) was the head of the garden and cemetery office in Osnabrück. Nietner completed an apprenticeship at the Späth tree nursery.
• Kurt Mende (* 1907, † 1944) was a German politician and SA leader. Mende completed an apprenticeship as a gardener in the nursery in Falkenrade near Ketzin. From 1926 to 1930 he worked as a gardener in the Späth tree nursery.
• Detlef Karg (* 1945) is a German garden architect, garden historian and monument conservator. Karg completed an apprenticeship as a gardener at the Ketziner tree nursery.
• Karl Heydenreich was a photographer and gardener trained by Karl Foerster. He later moved to Späth and was responsible for the practical implementation of the garden designs.

literature

sorted alphabetically by author

• Paul Brückner u. a .: 275 years of horticultural tradition in Berlin. From the Späth'schen nursery at the "Johannist" to the tree nursery and arboretum in Baumschulenweg 1720–1995. 2nd Edition. Self-published, Berlin 1998.
• Swantje Duthweiler: Characteristic design elements of the gardens of the tree nursery Späth / Berlin . In: Die Gartenkunst  20 (1/2008), pp. 127–142.
• Felix Escher:  Späth, Franz Ludwig. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 611 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Hellmut L. Späth (Ed.): Späth book. 1720-1920. History and products of the Späth tree nursery. Self-published, Berlin 1920.
• Hellmut L. Späth (Ed.): Späth book. 1720-1930. Self-published, Berlin 1930.

Web links

Commons : Baumschule Späth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website
• Historical catalogs of the Späth company in the European Nursery Catalog Collection

Individual evidence

1. ^ Franz Späth in the German biography
2. ↑ Opening times ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at hu-berlin.de 
3. ↑ Conversion table TU Dresden (PDF)
4. ^ ^{A b c} Felix Escher:  Späth, Franz Ludwig. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 611 f. ( Digitized version ).
5. ↑ Späth-Buch 1720–1930 . Tree nursery L. Späth, Berlin 1930, p. I
6. ↑ Staff news . In: The garden art - magazine of the German society for garden art. 1912, p. 64
7. ↑ Späth'sche Baumschulen included from the first edition . In: Berliner Morgenpost , May 8, 2005; accessed on June 28, 2014
8. ^ Heinrich-Wilhelm Wörmann: Resistance in Köpenick and Treptow (= Volume 9 of the series of publications on the resistance in Berlin from 1933 to 1945), German Resistance Memorial Center , Berlin 1995, p. 265
9. ↑ Press release of the Spät'schen Baumschulen ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated August 24, 2010, accessed July 3, 2014 
10. ↑ Späthsche Baumschule goes back to the heirs Berliner Zeitung, November 19, 1996, accessed on June 28, 2014
11. ↑ B. Schmiemann: An “art gardener's exodus” from the countryside - the almost 300-year-old traditional company Späth'sche tree nurseries has less acreage available. In: Berliner Morgenpost , December 18, 2012
12. ↑ Nursery surrenders
13. ↑ Personal news - On the 70th birthday of Franz Ludwig Späth. In: Die Gartenkunst - magazine for garden art and related areas. Self-published by the German Society for Garden Art. 11th year, 1899, p. 58
14. ^ History of Falkenrehde on the homepage of the municipality of Falkenrehde; Retrieved August 17, 2014
15. ↑ The Späth family - from the history of Berlin's oldest commercial enterprise . In: Berliner Zeitung , September 18, 1998
16. ^ S. Kösterin: Garbage and local politics: Vorketzin, the first . In: S. Köstering, R. Rüb (eds.): Yesterday's garbage? Cottbus studies on the history of technology, work and the environment, Volume 20. Waxmann Verlag, p. 60
17. ↑ U. Kiefer: Soil steeped in history . In: Berliner Morgenpost , May 28, 2002
18. ↑ Späth-Buch 1720–1930 . Self-published by L. Späth, 1930, p. CVIII
19. ^ V. Heinrich-Hampf:  Kempkes, Carl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-00192-3 , p. 488 f. ( Digitized version ).
20. ↑ Garden monument Südstern 8/12, Luisenstädtischer Friedhof
21. ↑ Memorial plaques in Berlin: Schwanenwerder - Builders and Garden Architects , accessed on July 4, 2014
22. ↑ Volkspark Wilmersdorf garden monument, 1912-14 by Richard Thieme, sports fields by Ludwig Späth
23. ^ Villa colonies in Wannsee 1875 - 1945. Special exhibition of the memorial and educational center, House of the Wannsee Conference, May 2000 - January 2006, accessed on July 4, 2014
24. ↑ Garden monument Roelckestrasse 46, 51, municipal cemetery Weißensee
25. ↑ Building and garden monument at Branitzer Platz 5, Berlin-Westend
26. ↑ Garden monument Am Rupenhorn 5, Villengarten, 1929
27. ↑ Inland-Rundschau. In: Gartenwelt Volume 37, 1933, p. 371
28. ↑ XII. International Horticultural Congress. In: The garden art - magazine of the German society for garden art. Volume 52, 1939. pp. 8f
29. ↑ Plum Anna Spath at www.pmfarming ; accessed on June 30, 2014
30. ↑ ^{a b c d} H. Behrens, M. Koehler, A. Olsowski: Gartenhistorische Literatur. (PDF) p. 88  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
31. ↑ ^{a b} P. Jurafs: Creepers - Newer, up to now little widespread, large-flowered clematis varieties . In: Gartenwelt , 1901, p. 187
32. ↑ ^{a b} Imperial and Royal Horticultural Society: Österreichische Garten-Zeitung , 1906, p. 375
33. ↑ D. Böhlmann: Hybrids in trees and bushes. John Wiley & Sons, 2012
34. ↑ Cultural monument complex Späthstrasse 80–85, 86–88, tree nursery Späth, residential house Späth, staff residences and outbuildings, 1874–1891 by F. Wurgall and E. Martin u. a .; Britzer Allee - Königsheideweg 2
35. ^ Berlin: Dr. Hellmut Späth is honored with the "Stolperstein" award. DEGA online, September 1, 2010; Retrieved July 1, 2014
36. ^ J. Saathoff: Wilhelm Teetzmann for memory . In: The garden world . 1927, p. 112
37. ↑ Hans Stollhoff. In: Gartenkunst - magazine for garden, landscape and cemetery design, 11/1940, p. 2
38. ↑ G. Jeong-Hi: Herta Hammerbacher (1900–1985): Virtuoso of the New Landscape: the garden as a paradigm . In: Landscape Development and Environmental Research . Series of publications by the Faculty of Architecture, Environment, Society. Univerlag der TU Berlin, 2006, p. 70
39. ↑ G. Jeong-Hi: Herta Hammerbacher (1900–1985): Virtuoso of the New Landscape: the garden as a paradigm . In: Landscape Development and Environmental Research . Series of publications by the Faculty of Architecture, Environment, Society. Univerlag der TU Berlin, 2006, p. 70

Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '15.4 "  N , 13 ° 28' 24.2"  E