Christian Schreiber (philosopher)

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Christian Johann Christoph Schreiber (born April 15, 1781 in Eisenach ; † August 15, 1857 in Ostheim vor der Rhön ) was a theologian , philologist , philosopher , poet and poet , educationalist , knighthood Fulda, then electoral Hesse-Kassel church council , Grand Ducal Saxon Superintendent of the dioceses of Lengsfeld and Dermbach in Lengsfeld (today: Stadtlengsfeld ).

Life

Juliane Schreiber, b. Oettelt, wife of Christian Schreiber, copper engraving 1806

Christian Schreiber was a son of the geometer , ducal Saxon tax collector and later Dutch ship lieutenant Johann Friedrich Schreiber and Dorothee, born. Riedel. Christian grew up in Eisenach, received private lessons there and, after his confirmation, attended the Hennebergisches Gymnasium in Schleusingen . At the age of eighteen he matriculated at the University of Jena and studied theology , philosophy and philology . He passed his exams with the cultural philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder and was named Dr. phil. did his doctorate and then attended the Preacher Academy in Eisenach.

In 1806 Christian Schreiber married - in his first year as a church official - in Lengsfeld Juliane Oettelt, daughter of the secret Prince-Saxon-Eisenach forestry councilor Friedrich Wilhelm Oettelt from Eisenach. However, Christian Schreiber soon lost his first wife. Five months after her death, he married Sophie Henriette Weitz in Lengsfeld in 1813. He left a total of three children from both marriages. His descendants include the wife of the President of the Grand Ducal Saxon Regional Court and State Parliament President Julius Appelius and her son Alfred Appelius , who also held the office of President in the State Parliament of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach .

Act

During his activity as private tutor for the von Boyneburg family (1801–1803) he stood out through various theological, lyrical and epic-musical writings and poetry, encouraged by the poets Jean Paul , Christoph Martin Wieland , Friedrich Schiller and the poet Friedrich von Matthisson , which he also asked to review his texts. For example, Jean Paul Schreiber's manuscripts were sent back with various symbols, which either meant “mistake”, “good”, “excellent” or “here you are still shimmering”, which should mean that Schreiber still clung to the poetry of the early Schiller .

From 1803 to 1806 Schreiber stayed in Eisenach as a privateer, frequented the circles of Julie von Bechtolsheim , whose house he described as the "gathering place of the most respected, brilliant and virtuous people" . During this time he dealt with various theological, philosophical and historical works, worked in the field of aesthetics and moral philosophy and, at the request of a friend, the bookseller and music publisher Gottfried Christoph Härtel , wrote German texts on pieces of music and oratorios by Mozart , Haydn and Beethoven as well as various reviews of musical works. Conversely, he wrote pieces of music based on texts by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe .

From 1806 its "official" activity began. He followed a call to Lengsfeld in Thuringia as senior pastor and member of the consistory . One after the other, he became Imperial Knighthood Fulda, then Electoral Hesse-Kassel Church Council and then Grand Ducal Saxon Superintendent. During his time in Lengsfeld, he edited various theological writings, translations and poems , worked a.o. a. with Delille's Dithyrambe on the immortality of the soul, the oath of Jews and published sermons and spiritual speeches.

Schreiber was connected through friendship or close contact with the most important writers, theologians, philosophers, educators and publishers of his time: Heinrich Karl Eichstädt , Georg Joachim Göschen , Madame de Staël , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Johann Friedrich Cotta , the above-mentioned and many others more. From his extensive correspondence, numerous letters from him have been preserved in the Duchess Anna Amalia Library Weimar, including a. to Friedrich Rochlitz , Friedrich von Schiller , Ferdinand Gotthelf Hand , Georg Karl Friedrich Emmrich and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe .

plant

Although Christian Schreiber lived in the later Enlightenment , he was not a follower of it. He stood out as a true romantic with a deep and pronounced penchant for poetry and music. Schreiber initially oriented himself on the poetry of early Schiller . In the course of his life he developed his own path, whereby the lyrical element and his adherence to tradition remained decisive.

Publications

editor

Published reviews and contributions

The following list shows Christian Schreiber's publication activities and the variety of topics in various contemporary journals and magazines. It was taken from the source almost unchanged .:

  • Reviews (from 1803 to 1805) of the Gothaer learned newspapers ; (from 1805–1831) for the Allgemeine Halleschen Literatur Zeitung ; (from 1804–1828) for the Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung ; from 1820 to 1831 to the Leipziger Literatur Zeitung and other critical journals.
  • Further contributions (in poetry and prose) to the reformate. Almanac ; to the Rheinische Flora ; to the paperback of love and friendship by Stephan Schütze; to several almanacs; to the iris ; to Hermione ; zur Selitha (yearbook of Christian devotion for religiously educated women and daughters by Gerhard Friederich); to the Zeitbildern by Oehler (supplement to the newspaper of the free city of Frankfurt 1830); to the general church newspaper ; to the village newspaper (anonymous); to the Allgemeine Anzeiger der Deutschen ; to the collection of sermons for the community of Mühlhausen ; to the Homiletic Repertory v. J. Hörner (Verlag Heinrichshofen, Magdeburg 1833) and other newer and newest fiction and theological journals (from 1817 to 1831)
  • Contributions (in poetry and prose) to: Ernst and Scherz , edited by Carlieb Helwig Merkel; to the Frank , edited by August von Kotzebue and Merkel; to the newspaper for the elegant world , published by Mahlmann; to the Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung , published by Johann Friedrich Rochlitz ; to the newspaper for women published by Georg Joachim Göschen ; to Cotta's almanac for women ; on Cottas Morgenblatt for educated estates , on the Thuringian recreations , and other papers (1803-1819.)

literature

Notes and individual references

  1. ^ Justi, Biography, p. 835 f.
  2. ↑ Brümmer, p. 474
  3. ^ Bittorf: Church Councilor Dr. Writer and wife Juliane Oettelt
  4. ^ Justi, Biography, p. 837
  5. ↑ Peter Appelius: Christian Schreiber in his time. In: Andreas Erbslöh: Christian Schreiber, sketch of an autobiography. Springe 2000 (Eisenach City Archives)
  6. ↑ Review: Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung , Jg. 1803, Volume 4, Numero 337, columns 489–492 as well as Jg. 1807, Numero 204, columns 417–422
  7. ↑ Review in Freimüthigen by Garlieb Helwig Merkel 1805.
  8. ↑ Reviews: A. [August] Z. [Zarnack] : Poems by Christian Schreiber . In: Der Freimüthige, or Ernst and Scherz. 1805, No. 158, pp. 113-115 ( digitized version http: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DSVlEAAAAcAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA113~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D) and (final) No. 159, pp. 117 f. ( Digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DSVlEAAAAcAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA117~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ) and TZ: Poems by Christian Schreiber . In: Jenaische Allgemeine Literaturzeitung 1806, Volume 2, Number 98, Sp. 173–176 ( digitized version ).
  9. ^ Review in the Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung and in Freimüthigen .
  10. ↑ Review in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literaturzeitung 1808, Numero 223, columns 557-560
  11. ^ Review in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literaturzeitung 1809, Volume 2, Number 114, Columns 299–302
  12. ↑ Review in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literaturzeitung , 1815, volume 1, number 22, column 174 and in various critical journals.
  13. ↑ Review: Heidelbergische Jahrbücher der Litteratur , 9th vol., 2nd half, Mohr and Winter, Heidelberg 1816, p. 797 ff., Digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DI6FNAAAAcAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA792~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D
  14. ^ Reviews in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur Zeitung , Röhrs krit. Pred. Bibl., Thuringian Erholungen (Erfurt), and other magazines
  15. ↑ Review in: Ammons theol. Journal and the literary newspapers
  16. ^ Reviews in the Leipziger Literatur Zeitung , the Sulamith , the Allgemeine Literatur Zeitung and several journals.
  17. ↑ Justi, Biographie, pp. 846-847

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schreiber, Christian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schreiber, Christian Johann Christoph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian, philologist, poet and doctor of philosophy
DATE OF BIRTH April 15, 1781
PLACE OF BIRTH Eisenach
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 1857
Place of death Ostheim in front of the Rhön