Don Bosco (Bolzano)

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Don Bosco district
Italian name : Quartiere Don Bosco
Semi rurali.JPG
A house from the founding years of the district
Country Italy
region Trentino-South Tyrol
province South Tyrol  (BZ)
local community Bolzano
Coordinates 46 ° 29 ′  N , 11 ° 20 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 29 ′ 20 ″  N , 11 ° 19 ′ 30 ″  E
height 246  m slm
surface 4.28 km²
Residents 26,438 (2011)
Population density 6177 inhabitants / km²
Demonym New giant
patron Johannes Bosco
Church day January 31
president Federico De Piccoli ( Five Star Movement )
Telephone code 0471 CAP 39100
Website Official website

Don Bosco (in some cases also Neugries ) is one of the five districts of the South Tyrolean capital Bozen ( Italy ). With more than 26,000 inhabitants it is the most populous district after Gries-Quirein and with more than 5,800 inhabitants per km² it is the second most densely populated district after Europa-Neustift . Don Bosco used to belong to the market town of Gries and is still part of the cadastral municipality of Gries today . To the southeast of the Don Bosco Church, in the direction of Eisack , are the remains of the Canons' Monastery of Maria in der Au, the original convent of the Canon Regulars of theStifts Gries .

Although some of the many social housing in the district are also inhabited by immigrants, their share of 8.4% is lower than in other parts of the city.

geography

The district, located in the Bozen basin in the Adige Valley , is between two and five kilometers from the old town and has hardly any height differences (between 240 and 250 mslm). An exception is the Kaiserberg, the northern end of the Mitterberg , with the abandoned rubbish dump of the city of Bozen and Sigmundskron Castle ( 339  m slm ). The district is bounded in the southeast by the Eisack and flowed through by the Etsch in the west. Before it was regulated, the Eisack changed its bed many times and repeatedly flooded large parts of what was then known as Kaiserau or Au .

The west and south-west of the district on the left and right of the Adige up to the municipal boundary with Eppan is dominated by agriculture (mostly apple cultivation). Along the Eisack there is an extensive promenade with numerous playgrounds and the cycle path that connects the Eisack valley cycle route with the Etsch cycle path and the Bolzano-Kaltern cycle path (former route of the Überetscher Bahn ). Other parks are the Europapark and the park around the excavations of the former monastery of Maria in der Au .

Outline of the district

  • Don Bosco
  • Europaallee
  • Pius X. – Reschenstrasse
  • Sigmundskron
  • Ortler
  • Kaiserau
  • Firmian

history

The formerly marshy, at most agriculturally used district Quirein (Kaiserau) was incorporated into Bolzano in 1925 together with the former municipality of Gries . From the mid-1930s, development began on what is now the Don Bosco district. The aim was to create living space for the workers from the new Bozen industrial area on the other side of the Eisack who had been brought to Bolzano by Italian fascism (see Italianization ).

The name Kaiserau indicates that this Au (e) belonged to the emperor at a certain time (which emperor is not clearly established). It is certain that the Counts Morit-Greifenstein had their own property here, on which they had the canon monastery of Maria in der Au built. The legal successors of this family were successively the Counts of Tyrol , the Meinhardiner and the Habsburgs .

Canon monastery Maria in der Au

The canon monastery of Maria in der Au (Latin: Sancta Maria de Augea ), which later moved to Gries , was built in the 1160s in the Eisack floodplains by the Counts of Morit-Greifenstein and confirmed by Emperor Friedrich I in 1166 . The canons came from Neustift Abbey near Brixen and from Klosterneuburg Abbey near Vienna .

At the end of the 13th century, the convent buildings were affected by a flood. As a result, the area was repeatedly flooded, so that in 1412 the Canons moved to the former castle of the Counts of Morit-Greifenstein in Gries. The old pen was then buried and only rediscovered in 1986 during construction work. In 2007 a park was opened, in the middle of which the remains of the complex can be viewed.

  • Overview from above

  • View from Alexandria Street

  • The apse of the church

  • A grave in the cloister

Sigmundskron Castle

Time of fascism

When Bolzano was being Italianized during the fascist era , today's Don Bosco district was chosen to house the workers of the industrial area built on the left side of the Eisack from 1935/36. Since many of these workers came from rural backgrounds, a so-called "semi-rural" area with houses for two to four families and a vegetable garden behind the house was created - in line with the ruralist ideology of fascism. At the same time, the closed settlement far away from the city center served the social segregation of the working class families, whose sympathies the regime was never entirely certain.

The Rione Dux

House of the Semirurali district, in which a museum of the district is to be built

For the first new settlers, the Rione Littorio was built from 1935 around the Piazza Littoria (today Matteottiplatz in the Europa-Neustift district ). Multi-storey apartment buildings were built there in an urban setting. However, as more and more immigrants with a rural background arrived in Bolzano, between 1938 and 1939 the Rione Dux with the houses and gardens described above was built south of the Rione Littorio , which was later called Semirurali (semi-rural district). Some of the streets were unpaved and all were named after Italian cities. These have been preserved to this day (e.g. Parma , Milan , Cagliari , Genoa , Gorizia / Gorizia, Sorrento and Bari ).

No shops were built in the neighborhood. Only one square has been set up (today's Don-Bosco-Platz).

Half a year after the work was completed, new shops were opened at the northeast corner of the new district (Palermostraße-Milanostraße). A chapel was set up in one of the houses near these shops and was dedicated to St. John Bosco.

The transit camp in Bolzano

Of the National Socialist transit camp in Bolzano , which was located west of Reschenstrasse, only a boundary wall has survived. A commemorative route was opened here in April 2004, the most prominent guest at the event was Mike Bongiorno , who was once imprisoned for a short time in the Bolzano transit camp.

Recent expansion of the neighborhood

High-rise buildings in Europaallee

The houses built south of the original Semirurali zone in the 1950s had a more urban character. In the 1970s, a new street was built on the northern edge of the district, between Milanostrasse and Drusussallee, Europa-Allee. Ten-story residential buildings were built along this street, including the highest residential buildings in the region to date (the buildings are 49.5 meters high and have 15 floors). There are plans to build another, even taller skyscraper in addition to the new City Tower, which is 42 meters high and shapes the view of Bolzano from the east. However, the construction work has not yet started.

At the beginning of the 1990s, the choice was made to extensively restore the Semirurali houses and equip them with heating, or to demolish most of them and replace them with new, more contemporary and more receptive apartment buildings (rental apartments from the South Tyrolean Housing Institute ). Only two Semirurali houses have survived to this day. One of them is still inhabited, in the other a Semirurali museum has been set up.

Due to the further increase in the need for living space, two new residential zones have been set up in the city quarter in recent years; The Firmian quarter (named after a Tyrolean noble family associated with Sigmundskron Castle ) was created in the former orchards east of Reschenstrasse between Milanostrasse and Drususallee . A residential area for around 4,000 residents is being built on an area of ​​17 ha. In 2004 the opportunity arose in Kaiserau, east of the Ortlerstrasse -Similaunstrasse district, near the banks of the Eisack and the Bozen-Merano railway line, an area of ​​10 hectares. These housing units for around 3000 people should be made available exclusively to cooperatives of subsidized housing and the housing institute. The Bolzano city council gave this project priority and immediately launched a competition for the uniform development of this new Kaiserau district. The winner of this project suggested building so-called “castles” of different heights with a lot of green in between. In Firmian a good part of the cubature is being built by private clients for free sale; However, given the current developments on the housing market, some of the projects have been postponed. Since the owners of the Kaiserau quarter orient themselves towards their own needs, the quarter is almost completed. The planned additional buildings are still missing, such as a building that will contain various shops and a bar on the ground floor as well as apartments for the so-called medium - sized companies (i.e. those who receive a lease with an option to buy) on the upper floors . The cooperatives have now set up a consortium and want to build the building. The German-speaking "Alexander Langer" primary school was built in Firmian. For this purpose a church was built and dedicated to "Mother Teresa of Calcutta".

politics

In 1995 the first district councils were elected and Bolzano was divided into five districts. The district councils and the associated citizens' offices have some responsibilities in the areas of registration offices, public green spaces and playgrounds, as well as road construction, and cultural and social activities in the district are also supported.

Term of office Surname Political party
1995-1997 Tiziano Cabrele Alleanza Nazionale
1997-1999 Maria Teresa Tomada Alleanza Nazionale
1999-2000 Donata Fabbri Forza Italia
2000-2005 Enio Marcelli Noi per l'Alto Adige
2005 Enio Marcelli La Margherita
2005-2010 Enrico Lillo Forza Italia
2010-2011 Luigi Baratta Partito Democratico
2011-2015 Pasquale Morabito Partito Democratico
since 2015 Federico De Piccoli Five Star Movement

The district council consists of 11 members, the president and his deputy are elected from among them. In Don Bosco, the president is always Italian, his deputy must belong to the German language group. In contrast to the municipal council, in which the parties of the German-speaking population have greater weight, the majority of the seats in Don Bosco go to the center-right.

Economy and Infrastructure

Don Bosco is a typical residential area with lots of social housing (see history), but there are still some craft and trade businesses located here (on the edge of the area in Drususstrasse). In the west of the district, in the direction of Sigmundskron, there are some farms and a hotel.

traffic

The Kaiserau-Casanova stop on the Bozen-Merano railway line

The main thoroughfares are Reschenstrasse, Milanostrasse, Europaallee and Drususallee. The quarter is served by six bus lines: These are lines 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 as well as the night service 153. On the edge of the Kaiserau quarter there is a stop (train station) on the Bozen – Meran railway line .

Don Bosco is connected to the regional cycle path network via the Eisack cycle path , and there are cycle paths in various streets.

education

There are two Italian language schools in the district, each with two schools ( elementary and middle school ):

  • Bolzano school district - Europa 2 (in Parmastraße)
  • School district Bolzano II - Don Bosco
    • Primary school SG Bosco (Don-Bosco-Platz)
    • Ada Negri Middle School

In the neighboring district of Europa-Neustift , the school infrastructure is in German:

For years there have been plans to build a primary school each in German and Italian, which would, however, be assigned to the respective directorates.

There are also two secondary public schools

There are also several libraries:

  • Community library, Ortlerstrasse branch
  • "Albert Schweitzer" public library (attached to the "Albert Schweitzer" middle school)
  • Firmian district library
  • Library "Sandro Amadori" (Circolo Culturale Don Bosco - Don Bosco Cultural Association)

Health and social services

There are several resident doctors of various specialties in the district. In addition, as in all parts of the city, certain visits and examinations (blood drawing, dental, gynecological or pediatric checkups) can be carried out at the headquarters of the Don Bosco-Bozner Au health and social district (under the Maria in der Au church). The social services responsible for the district are also located there. The tenants of the housing institute can also use the tenant service, which is located in one of the institute's numerous buildings.

Authorities and companies with a public mandate

Some authorities and companies with a public mandate are also located in Don Bosco:

  • State Councilor for Italian Culture, the Italian State Education Authority (sovrintendenza scolastica)
  • INAIL -Landesdirektion (National Institute for Work Injury Insurance)
  • RAS (Broadcasting Corporation South Tyrol, in Europaallee)
  • ORF Studio Bolzano
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico delle Venezie - Bolzano Section (Institute for Animal Disease Control for North-East Italy)

Culture

Churches

In 1940 a small chapel was built. This chapel was dedicated to St. John Bosco. The political officials at the time hoped to win over the Salesians of Don Bosco for pastoral care. The Episcopal Curia of Trento protested against it.

The congregation continued to campaign for the building of a church and so the foundation stone for the Don Bosco Church was laid on July 27, 1941 in Piazza Pontinia. However, since the municipality had no money for the construction, private sponsors had to be found. The companies in the industrial zone were also prepared to bear the costs. In 1943 construction was stopped due to the occupation of the city by the Wehrmacht . The construction site was used as a warehouse during this time.

In 1947 the church was completed with the active participation of the population. It was renovated at the end of the 20th century. Today there is also a monthly mass in Polish in the church. Two more Catholic churches were later built: The parish church of Pius X in Reschenstrasse (1969) and the Corpus Christi church in Gutenbergstrasse , which belongs to the Don Bosco parish but is looked after by the pastor of the Mother Teresa parish. In the 1990s, the parish church Maria in der Au was built near the Don Bosco Church and is used by the German-speaking population of the district. Both churches manage without a steeple; Plans to build a common steeple between the two churches were never realized. The Parish Church of Mother Teresa was built between 2010 and 2012 in the new Firmian district.

In addition to these Catholic places of worship, there is also a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses, a New Apostolic church , a Mormon mission center and an Islamic prayer room.

Regular events

Bee festival

There are some weekly markets in the district:

  • Monday market (Don Bosco Square)
  • Tuesday market (Piacenzastraße)
  • Farmers' market (Fridays on Don Bosco Square)

Other Events

  • Bee Festival (December 8th, Reschenstrasse and the surrounding area)
  • Tournament of the city of Bolzano (football tournament)
  • Carnival parade

Sports

There are some sports facilities in Reschenstraße:

  • Stadthalle (multi-purpose hall)
  • Europastadion ( American football stadium with 3000 seats).
  • There are several soccer fields behind the town hall

Personalities

literature

  • Enio Marcelli: Semirurali - ... per non dimenticare ... to understand. Pluristamp, Bozen 1995.
  • Working group for a museum in the “Semirurali”: Not just Semirurali. City of Bozen, Bozen 2005.
  • Enio Marcelli: La città operaia. Circolo culturale Don Bosco, 2001.
  • Enio Marcelli: La parrocchia San Giovanni Bosco nel rione delle semirurali. Pluristamp, Bozen 1994.
  • Hannes Obermair : City of the excluded. The former Bolzano working-class district of the "Semirurali" . City of Bozen, Bozen 2013 (PDF).
  • Sandro Ottoni: Semi-rural. Bolzano 1966. A childhood in the “Semirurali” district. From the Italian by Dominikus Andergassen. alphabeta verlag + Drava Verlag, Meran-Klagenfurt 2018. ISBN 978-3854358923
  • Gabriele Rath, Andrea Sommerauer, Martha Verdorfer (eds.): Bozen-Innsbruck - historical city tours. Vienna-Bozen, Folio Verlag 2000, ISBN 3-85256-125-6 .

Web links

Portal: Bolzano  - overview of Wikipedia content on Bolzano

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ City of Bozen: Resident population by district, February 24, 2015
  2. ↑ Carla Giacomozzi, Hannes Obermair : The former Semirurali in black and white . In: City Archives Bozen (Ed.): The exhibit of the month in the City Archives Bozen . No. November 10 , 2012 ( PDF [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  3. ↑ http://www.gemeinde.bozen.it/stampa_context.jsp?ID_LINK=426&area=19&id_context=13845&COL0008=47
  4. ↑ Andreas Seehauser, Ewald Volgger : Light and Life: the parish church Maria in der Au, Bozen. Architecture and art. Bolzano: Parish Maria in der Au 2010. ISBN 978-88-7073-534-5
  5. ↑ http://www.bz-bx.net/diuk/verendung_der_8_promille/00028638_Firmian.html