East Boston
| East Boston | |
|---|---|
| Nickname : Eastie, Easty | |
 An aircraft on approach for landing at Logan International Airport |
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| Borough of Boston | |
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| Basic data | |
| Foundation : | 1836 |
| State : | United States |
| State : | Massachusetts |
| County : | Suffolk |
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 23 ′ N , 71 ° 2 ′ W |
| Time zone : | Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 ) |
| Residents : | 42,175 (as of 2011) |
| Postal code : | 02128 |
| Area code : | +1 617.857 |
| Website : | Information page |
East Boston is a district ( neighborhood ) of Boston in the state of Massachusetts in the United States with about 42,000 inhabitants. It is located on raised land that connects several original islands to form a total area. In 1836, East Boston was annexed by Boston . Because of its location, the borough is physically separated from the rest of the city by Boston Harbor . It is bounded by the towns of Winthrop and Revere and by Chelsea Creek .
Directly west across the harbor are Boston's North End and Financial District . Many immigrants have been coming to this part of the city for a long time . Today immigrants from El Salvador , Colombia , Brazil and other countries from South America have made East Boston one of the most important centers of Latino culture in New England .
history
The beginnings
The land mass on which East Boston is located today was created by landfilling to connect a total of five islands : Noddle's Island , Hog (later Orient Heights ), Breed's Island , Governors Island , Bird Island and Apple Island . The latter three islands were connected to expand Logan International Airport during World War II . Shortly after Boston was founded, Noddle's Island was used as a pasture for cows.
In 1801, William H. Sumner informed the US federal government that a toll road ( turnpike ) was planned to connect Salem with Boston, the route of which should lead over the previously undeveloped Noddle's Island . This route is the direct connection and easier to build than others. He deliberately ignored the fact that the government had already bought land in Charlestown to build a naval base there. The bridge to be built would block access to ships, but Sumner relied on the public, who at the time did not consider a Navy to be a good idea. However, this changed with the British-American War , which was essentially fought as a naval war . Since a route through East Boston and over Boston Harbor would have blocked the shipping routes to the future Charlestown Navy Yard , the turnpike was instead led through Chelsea and not over Noddle's Island .
Foundation of the East Boston Company
After the death of Colonel Greenough , who opposed the sale of the land to Sumner all his life , Sumner began preparations to acquire Noddle's Island . In February 1832, he and his business partners Steven White and Francis J. Oliver bought the first stake in the island at a price of US $ 100 per acre , a total of US $ 32,500. This gave them control of half the island, after which they founded the East Boston Company . They divided their half into 666 shares, each covering 0.5 acre, and set up a board of directors to dispose of the land. To improve access to the island, the company campaigned for a railway line from Boston to Salem , which should lead across the island. There should also be a ferry between Boston and the island. By late 1833, the Society took control of the entire island, and in 1836 Sumner Greenough's widow Maria Foster Doane married .
Connections to the mainland
In the 1830s, transport links were the main problem on the islands. The East Boston Company believed the area was of little value unless residents had reliable means of accessing the area from the mainland. In the 1830s, for example, the company used a paddle steamer as a temporary solution that could transport 15 people at a time from the mainland to East Boston . The company later bought the Tom Thumb steamship , although there were no staff for it.
At that time, the development of the steam train was still in its infancy. The inventor Henry Sargent approached the East Boston Company and offered his latest development: an overhead conveyor . The wagons, which could each transport 6 people, were powered by a steam engine that was also attached to the rails. Sargent praised his development as an invention "which will make the island a central attraction for many people". The company allowed the construction of one of the world's first suspension railways on their land, but operations had to be stopped again in 1834 after only nine days due to a lack of passengers.
In the mid-1830s, the company invested a great deal of energy and money to further increase the appeal of East Boston . So they continued to strive to bring the Eastern Railroad to East Boston . The ferry The Maverick and The East Boston took its operation from Lewis Wharf in on a free road bridge to Chelsea was built, roads were laid out and built houses. Many of these activities were spurred on by the establishment of the East Boston Lumber Company , and the Boston Sugar Refinery was also the first manufacturing company in the district to be established at the time.
The Kennedy family
The Kennedy family initially lived in a house on Meridian Street , now wedged between a Spanish supermarket and hardware store , and later moved to a larger house on Monmouth Street . Patrick Joseph Kennedy's success allowed him to purchase a home for his son Joseph-Patrick and two of his daughters at Jeffries Point in East Boston . John F. Kennedy led a famous parade through East Boston through when he was in 1954 as part of his presidential campaign in the city and waving in front of the restaurant Santarpio's been photographed.
“When my great grandfather left here to become a cooper in East Boston, he carried nothing with him except two things: a strong religious faith and a strong desire for liberty. I am glad to say that all of his great grandchildren have valued that inheritance. "
“When my great-grandfather left this city to become a cooper in East Boston, he took nothing with him but two things: a strict religious belief and a great need for freedom. I am happy to say that each of his great-grandchildren values this legacy. "
Ted Kennedy mentioned his East Boston roots on many occasions while serving in the United States Senate . The family has never forgotten its origins in the district that was home to thousands of immigrants from Ireland , Italy and Russia during the immigration wave .
Recent past
The character of East Boston changed as the marshland was replenished and the streets laid out. Since the middle of the 19th century, the district was the first port of call for immigrants to the USA. First came Irish and Canadians , later also Russians , Italians and Asians and, more recently, many people from Central and South America .
The population rose from about 1,000 in 1837 to over 64,000 in 1925, most of whom were from southern Italy. Today, just over 38,000 people live in East Boston and have an average household income of $ 31,000 per year. The people in the district come from different countries and each form smaller enclaves . Although the North End is now considered to be the “Little Italy” of Boston, the historic Orient Heights hill in East Boston was the first area in Massachusetts to be visited by immigrants from Italy in the 1860s and 1870s. Orient Heights is therefore still the center of the Italian community in Boston today.
As part of the expansion of Logan International Airport in the late 1960s and early 1970s, all houses along the former Neptune Road in East Boston were demolished and the families relocated. Today there are warehouses and rental car premises there.
Population development
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In East Boston (often also abbreviated as “Eastie” analogously to “ Southie ”), the majority of Hispanics now live alongside other large population groups such as the Italians who live in areas like Orient Heights . Although the neighborhood offers spectacular views of the Boston skyline , rents and land prices rose more slowly than in the rest of the metropolitan area in the late 1990s and early 21st century . This is due, among other things, to the relative isolation of the district, difficulties in developing properties along the shoreline and the negative attitude towards Logan International Airport .
For many years the road connections to Boston were constantly congested, especially the Sumner and Callahan tunnels and the Tobin Bridge near Chelsea. If you wanted to drive to the airport from the west or south, you had to use one of these access points, which led to traffic jams practically around the clock. Only the construction of the Ted Williams Tunnel , which extends the Massachusetts Turnpike ( I-90 ) to the airport, led to substantial relief. The City of Boston has also provided residents of East Boston with special transponders , which means they will pay lower fees to travel through the Sumner and Ted Williams tunnels.
The local government has long prevented private investment in the bank area. This was only recently changed and the Boston Redevelopment Authority began implementing the East Boston Municipal Harbor Plan to reconnect East Boston to the waterfront through the construction of apartments, restaurants and shops .
In 2011, East Boston was home to 61.91% White, 3.76% African American , 3.72% Asian , 0.39% Native American, and 30.22% Other. 48.66% of residents said they were Hispanic . In contrast to other Hispanic communities in the city, which are predominantly inhabited by people from Puerto Rico or the Dominican Republic , the community in East Boston is made up of a variety of different countries of origin, particularly Latin America .
Culture and sights
Buildings
Madonna Shrine & Don Orione
One of the most recognizable symbols of East Boston is the 35 ft (10.67 m ) tall statue of the Madonna . The shrine of the Madonna at the highest point of Orient Heights is the national seat of the Don Orione religious order . The statue was built in 1954 by the Jewish-Italian sculptor Arrigo Minerbi and is an exact replica of the statue in the Don Orione Center on Monte Mario in Rome . By creating the statue, Minerbi wanted to express his gratitude to the Catholic Church that provided him and protected his family from Nazi persecution in World War II . Across the street from the shrine is the Don Orione Home , a nursing home that was also founded by the members of the Order.
Temple Ohabei Shalom Cemetery
The Temple Ohabei Shalom Cemetery is the oldest Jewish cemetery in Massachusetts. The Mystic River Jewish Project restored the small, dating from 1903, in the style of Gothic Revival built chapel of the cemetery for use as a museum.
Parks
Piers Park
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On the west side of East Boston is Piers Park , from which you have a good overview of Boston Harbor and can see the center of the city of Boston. The park consists of meandering brick paths that run through open grassy areas and small stands of trees. There are also several pavilions , one of which is dedicated to Donald McKay . There is also an amphitheater and the Piers Park Sailing Center .
Sports
Suffolk Downs
Suffolk Downs is a racecourse , opened in 1935, accessible from US Route 1 and one of the stops on the Blue line . On August 18, 1966, the track served as an arena for a Beatles concert in front of over 24,000 spectators.
In 2009 the previously held annual MassCap race had to be canceled because the competition from Indian casinos in Rhode Island and Connecticut had become too great.
Soccer field
There is a soccer field about three blocks from Santarpio's, and there is a playground and parking lot next door .
Constitution Beach
Also in East Boston is one of the most famous and popular beaches in Boston. The Constitution Beach or Shay's Beach is located in Orient Heights . The beach was renovated in the late 1990s, with a new bathhouse, refreshment stand, and new pedestrian walkways across the Blue Line to Bennington Street . During the main season, more than 100 residents can be seen on the beach.
Culinary specialties
Santarpio's Pizza , Spinelli's , Mario's , Meridian Market , Jeveli's , Rino's and Kelly's Square Pub are very well known Italian restaurants and pizzerias in East Boston .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Transportation has long played a crucial role in the development and design of Boston. The world's top clippers were in the middle of the 19th century in the shipyard of Donald McKay built. In 1904, a subway tunnel was opened connecting East Boston with the rest of the city and was the first underwater tunnel of its kind in the United States. Houses were torn down in rows in order to build the Sumner (1934) and Callahan (1961) tunnels and thus create direct road connections to the center of Boston. A small airfield established in East Boston in the early 1920s continued to develop and is now known as Logan International Airport . Air New England's headquarters were located there until it was liquidated .
The Logan Airport is the main international airport in New England and one of the 20 busiest in the United States. Most of the airport site is in East Boston , but parts of the runways are in Winthrop . The airport is almost completely surrounded by water, which makes the landings particularly interesting for passengers. There has been controversy about the airport for decades , which is reflected in ongoing conflicts between the owner and operating company Massachusetts Port Authority and the residents. One of the many expansions to the site resulted in the loss of Wood Island Park , a green space designed by Frederick Law Olmsted that served as a popular recreational area. In the fall of 1968, construction work at the airport resulted in extremely noisy trains rumbling through East Boston . A group of young women took to the streets with their strollers and blocked the railroad tracks. Tensions between the airport and some residents continue to this day, especially with regard to the planned new extension with a fifth runway.
Public facilities
Community gardens
There are six community gardens in East Boston that are managed by various organizations (including the Boston Parks and Recreation Department and the Boston Natural Areas Network ). While some of the gardens are rented out and can be freely designed, others are reserved for the use of school children.
Zumix
Zumix is a non-profit organization based at 260 Sumner Street that specifically promotes the fields of music and art. The main goals are to support and promote young people as well as integration work in the culturally very diverse district.
education
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Public schools
Boston Public Schools (BPS) operates several public schools in East Boston . Due to the relative isolation of the neighborhood, every child is guaranteed a place in a school in East Boston .
The schools operated by the BPS include:
- East Boston Early Childhood Center (Kindergarten 0-1 year)
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Elementary Schools
- Samuel Adams
- Mario Umana Academy
- Manassah E. Bradley
- Curtis Guild
- Patrick J. Kennedy
- Hugh R. O'Donnell
- James Otis
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Middle Schools
- Umana Middle School Academy
- High schools
- More schools
- Donald McKay K-8 School
There is also the Excel Academy Charter School, which is not operated by the BPS .
Private schools
In the private school sector , the Archdiocese of Boston operates Catholic schools. The East Boston Central Catholic School on the grounds of the Most Holy Redeemer Congregation serves the Kindergarten age group (age 1 year) through 8th grade. It is administered by members of different churches.
The Savio Preparatory High School and St. Mary, Star of the Sea School in 2007 and 2008 closed.
Libraries
The Boston Public Library currently has two branches in East Boston - one located at 276 Meridian Street and the other in Orient Heights at 18 Barnes Avenue . There are also plans to open a third branch in the center of the district.
Personalities
- Augie Lio - American football player
- Jeff Kalligheri - film producer
- Jermaine Wiggins - American football player
Others
The United States Postal Service has its local office at 50 Meridian Street .
East Boston is part of District A-7 of the Boston Police Department .
literature
- Anthony Mitchell Sammarco: East Boston . Arcadia, Charleston, SC 2004, ISBN 0-7385-3463-3 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Best Places to Live in Boston (zip 02128), Massachusetts. Sperling's BestPlaces, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ MF Sweetser: An Early History of East Boston. (No longer available online.) In: King's Handbook of Boston Harbor. 1883, archived from the original on July 22, 2009 ; accessed on April 11, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ William Sumner: History of East Boston. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 10, 2008 ; Retrieved April 12, 2012 .
- ↑ a b The Kennedy Family. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, accessed April 12, 2012 .
- ^ Brian MacQuarrie: Saving the legacy of Mystic River Jews. Proposal aims to make East Boston chapel into museum. In: Boston Globe . May 13, 2006, accessed April 12, 2012 .
- ^ The Mystic River Jewish Communities Project. JCAM Charitable Foundation, accessed April 12, 2012 .
- ^ Piers Park Sailing Center. Retrieved April 12, 2012 .
- ↑ John Lynds: MassCap canceled as track fights to save jobs, maintain daily schedule. In: Revere Journal. June 24, 2009, accessed April 12, 2012 .
- ↑ 1975 Flight Archive. In: Flightglobal. Retrieved April 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Christine MacDonald: THEIR 2D RUN AT RUNWAY. In: Boston Globe . November 30, 2003, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ Find a Community Garden. (No longer available online.) Boston Natural Areas Network, archived from the original on May 12, 2012 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Student Assignment Policy. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original on June 13, 2010 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ East Boston Early Childhood Center. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Adams Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original on November 29, 2010 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Mario Umana Academy. Boston Public Schools, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ^ Bradley Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Guild Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Kennedy, PJ Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ O'Donnell Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Otis Elementary School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original on November 29, 2010 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Umana Middle School Academy. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ East Boston High School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ McKay K-8 School. (No longer available online.) Boston Public Schools, archived from the original January 3, 2011 ; accessed on April 13, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Excel Academy Charter School. Retrieved April 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Most Holy Redeemer. Archdiocese of Boston, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ Stephanie Ebbert, April Simpson: Savio Prep students and parents prep for closing. In: Boston Globe . March 2, 2007, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ East Boston Branch. Boston Public Library, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ Orient Heights Branch. Boston Public Library, accessed April 13, 2012 .
- ^ Neighborhood Branch Libraries. Branch Capital Projects. Boston Public Library, accessed April 13, 2012 .
Web links
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