Brighton (Boston)

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Brighton
Nickname : Little Cambridge, South Cambridge, Third Parish
The Chestnut Hill Reservoir is located in Brighton.  Boston College can be seen in the background.
The Chestnut Hill Reservoir is located in Brighton . The Boston College can be seen in the background.
Borough of Boston
Boston2.png
Basic data
Foundation : 1630, annexed January 5, 1874
State : United States
State : Massachusetts
County : Suffolk
Coordinates : 42 ° 21 ′  N , 71 ° 10 ′  W Coordinates: 42 ° 21 ′  N , 71 ° 10 ′  W
Time zone : Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Inhabitants :
Metropolitan Area :
45,463 (as of 2011)
4,578,865 (as of 2011)
Population density : 6,314.3 inhabitants per km 2
Area : 7.2 km 2  (approx. 3 mi 2 )
Height : 36.9 m
Postal code : 02135
Area code : +1 617, 857
GNIS ID : 612296

Brighton is a former independent city and is now a district ( Neighborhood ) in northwest Boston in the state of Massachusetts in the United States . The name goes back to the English city ​​of Brighton in the county of Brighton and Hove . For the first 160 years of its existence, the City of Brighton was part of Cambridge under the name Little Cambridge . For a long time Brighton was a rural town with a major commercial center on its eastern edge. The city split from Cambridge in 1807 and was annexed by Boston in 1874 . Today Brighton is a large community and is largely managed jointly with the neighboring district of Allston , which is why both districts are regularly referred to together as Allston-Brighton . The population in this part of the city consists predominantly of whites and Asians and has smaller proportions of Latinos and Afro-Americans .

geography

Cemetery and apartment buildings on Commonwealth Avenue in Brighton near Chandler's Pond

Brighton is located in northwest Boston with neighboring Allston and borders Cambridge , Watertown , Newton and Brookline . The border between Brighton and Cambridge or Watertown is the Charles River . The area of ​​the district ( ZIP code 02135) covers 2.78  mi² (7.2  km² ).

Most of Brighton is managed jointly with the neighboring district of Allston (ZIP code 02134). Together the two districts have an area of ​​4.12  mi² (10.67  km² ) and 65,276 inhabitants.

climate

In Brighton , the 121  ft (36.88  m ) Height is falling an average of 45  in (1143  mm ) of rain per year, to come yearly 48.1  in (1,221.74  mm ) of snow on a total of about 120 days per year Precipitation and 200 days of sunshine. The average high July temperature is 84  ° F (28.89  ° C ) and the lowest January temperature is 18.9  ° F (-7.28  ° C ).

history

This 1852 map shows the Boston area with Brighton and railroad tracks

In 1630 the land on which Allston-Brighton and Newton are today was given to the city of Watertown . In 1634 the Massachusetts Bay Colony transferred ownership of the southern side of the Charles River from Watertown to Newetowne , later Cambridge .

In 1646 the missionary John Eliot established a prayer town on the border between what is now Newton and Brighton , where displaced Indians converted to Christianity . The first permanent English settlement arose when settlers crossed the Charles River from Cambridge and founded Little Cambridge . The area kept that name until 1807. Before the American Revolutionary War , Little Cambridge was a small, thriving farming community with fewer than 300 residents. Among them were wealthy Boston merchants like Benjamin Faneuil , after whom a street in Brighton is named.

A key event in Allston-Brighton's history was the establishment of a cattle market in 1775 to supply the Continental Army . The founders of the market, Jonathan Winship I and Jonathan Winship II , became the largest meat producers in the entire state of Massachusetts after the war . When the government of Cambridge , began to make decisions against the cattle industry and it failed, the Great Bridge repair, the Cambridge with Little Cambridge bound, their residents said of Cambridge go. In 1807 the necessary court approval was given and the city renamed itself Brighton .

Horticulture was introduced to the city as an industry in 1820 , and for the next 20 years Brighton flourished as one of the most important garden cities in the Boston area. The businessmen did not neglect the livestock industry, however, and built the Boston and Worcester Railroad in 1834 , which further supported and consolidated the city's cattle trade. In 1866 there were 41 slaughterhouses in the city .

In October 1873, the majority of the citizens of Brighton decided to annex to the city of Boston . In January 1874 Brighton became an official district of Boston , which led to a rapid population growth in the following 50 years from 6,000 to 47,000 inhabitants.

Religions

61.31% of the residents of the district claim to be religious . 47.05% are Catholic , 2.02% Baptists and 1.01% are followers of the Episcopal Church , 8.01% belong to another Christian church, 0.7% are Jews and 1.06% Muslim . The rest is split between other faiths.

Population development

In 2011, 45,463 people lived in 20,845 private households in Brighton , an increase of 3.10% compared to the previous year. The population density was 15,113 people per square mile and the median age was 33.1 years. 77.85% of the population said they were single .

The population of the district was made up as follows: 79.0% white , 2.84% African American , 0.17% Indigenous American , 11.7% Asian , 6.8% other races . Hispanics made up 6.92% of the population.

6.8% of the population were registered as unemployed in 2011 (USA: 9.1%). The average per capita income was 32,491 US dollars , the average household income was 57,082 US dollars. 14.4% of households had annual incomes between $ 100,000 and $ 150,000.

politics

In Brighton , the population is politically divided into 77.49% Democrats and 21.14% Republicans . 1.37% belong to independent parties.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Brighton can be used both with the Green Line B of MBTA and via the bus lines 57, 64, 65, 70, 86 are reached, 501 and 503rd The Green Line C also ends in Brighton and the Green Line D passes nearby.

While 47.55% of the population drive their own car to work (USA: 75.83%), 36.21% use public transport (USA: 4.84%). The average time to get to work is 34 minutes.

education

The elementary schools are located in Brighton

  • Edison School
  • Winship School
  • Baldwin Pilot School
  • Mary Lyon (Kindergarten up to 8th grade)

as well as the secondary schools

  • Brighton High School
  • Another Course to College (Pilot)
  • Boston Leadership Academy (pilot)
  • Mary Lyon Pilot High School (Grades 9 to 12)

There were many Catholic schools in the district, most of which are now closed. What remains are the Saint Columbkille's School (kindergarten up to 8th grade) on Market Street and the Mount St. Joseph Academy on Cambridge Street . The EF International Language School is a private school for international students at the Lake Street .

Brighton is also home to the Bryman Institute , Saint John's Seminary and parts of Boston College and Harvard University . The district is in close proximity to other colleges , including Boston University , and is therefore home to many students and lecturers .

Personalities


Individual evidence

  1. Boston's Neighborhoods: Allston / Brighton . Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA). 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
  2. ^ A b History of Allston-Brighton. Brighton Allston Historical Society, accessed February 20, 2012 .
  3. ^ Climate in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. In: Sperling's Best Places. Retrieved February 23, 2012 .
  4. ^ History of Brighton, MA. (No longer available online.) Brighton Board of Trade, archived from the original on February 20, 2012 ; accessed on February 20, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.brightonbot.com
  5. ^ Religion in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. Sperling's Best Places, accessed November 8, 2016 .
  6. ^ A b People in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. In: Sperling's Best Places. Retrieved February 23, 2012 .
  7. ^ Economy in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. In: Sperling's Best Places. Retrieved February 23, 2012 .
  8. ^ Voting in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. In: Sperling's Best Places. Retrieved February 23, 2012 .
  9. ^ Transportation in Brighton (zip 02135), Massachusetts. Sperling's Best Places, accessed February 22, 2012 .

literature

  • Samuel Adams Drake: History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts . containing carefully prepared histories of every city and town in the county. Estes and Lauriat, Boston 1880, OCLC 3583041 ( online in Google Book Search).

Web links

Commons : Brighton, Boston  - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files