Dorchester (Boston)

Dorchester
Nickname : Dot
The Neponset River at Lower Mills in Dorchester
Borough of Boston
Basic data
Foundation :	1630
State :	United States
State :	Massachusetts
County :	Suffolk
Coordinates :	42 ° 18 ′  N , 71 ° 4 ′  W Coordinates: 42 ° 18 ′  N , 71 ° 4 ′  W
Time zone :	Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Residents :	91,982 (as of 2010 )
Height :	36 m
Postcodes :	02121, 02122, 02124, 02125
Area code :	+1 617, 857
FIPS :	25-17090
GNIS ID :	612904

Dorchester is a former community and today's neighborhood ( Neighborhood ) of Boston in the state of Massachusetts in the United States . The district was named after the town of Dorchester in the English county of Dorset , from where the Puritan emigrants emigrated . Today, the district is by its residents affectionately called "Dot" ( dots called).

Dorchester was incorporated with much of what is now Boston in 1630. However, until it was annexed by Boston in 1870 , the city was a rather rural area with no more than 12,000 inhabitants. The connection by road and tram to the surrounding areas brought Dorchester a strong growth, so that the population jumped to 150,000 in 1920. Today the district is mainly populated by the working class and has many Afro-American and European residents. Latinos and immigrants from Ireland , the western Caribbean and Asia still arrive here.

Since the early 2000s, Dorchester has seen a large increase in newcomers, gays and working artists , which has had a positive impact on the diversity of the district.

geography

Geographical location

Dorchester is located south of central Boston and is surrounded by the boroughs of South Boston , Roxbury , Mattapan and South End . It also borders the cities of Quincy and Milton , from which it is separated by the Neponset River . Dorchester includes postcode areas ( ZIP codes ) 02121, 02122, 02124 and 02125.

Expansion of the district

Map with important places in Dorchester

Dorchester is the largest and most populous district in Boston and consists of a large number of smaller sections and squares. Because of its size of approximately 6  mi² (16  km² ), the area is often divided into North and South Dorchester for statistical purposes. North Dorchester includes the areas north of Quincy Street , East Street and Freeport Street . The local center is located around Uphams Corner at the intersection of Dudley Street and Columbia Road . South Dorchester is bounded to the east by Dorchester Bay and to the south by the Neponset River . In this part, the town centers are at Fields Corner at the intersection of Dorchester Avenue and Adams Street and Codman Square at the intersection of Washington Street and Talbot Avenue .

The Dorchester Avenue forms its south-north course of Lower Mills as far as Downtown Boston the backbone of the district. The southern part of Dorchester is predominantly of residential areas marked and churches structured. Many families have lived here for generations. The northern part, on the other hand, has a more urban character with a larger proportion of apartment buildings and industrial areas .

The South Bay Center and Newmarket counties provide jobs for a large number of residents, while Harbor Point (formerly Columbia Point ) has a number of major employers , including the University of Massachusetts Boston Boston campus , the Massachusetts Archives, and the John F. Kennedy Library . The entire district is constantly changing, which is reflected in the recent growth of the Bowdoin / Geneva , Fields Corner , Codman Square , Peabody Square , Adams Village and Lower Mills business districts, among other things . However, some areas are reserved for residential areas: Savin Hill , Jones Hill , Four Corners , Franklin Field , Franklin Hill , Ashmont , Meeting House Hill , Neponset , Popes Hill and Port Norfolk .

The Dorchester sections are each composed of clearly defined ethnic , socio-economic and origin-related criteria. In the eastern areas (especially between Adams Street and Dorchester Bay ) mainly Europeans and Asians live together with Irish and Vietnamese , while in the west and in the center as well as partly in the south of Dorchester mainly African-Americans from Haiti , Jamaica , Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago live. In Neponset on the southeast corner of the district, as in parts of Savin Hill in the north and Cedar Grove in the south, Irish people dominate the streetscape.

The northern part of Dorchester, together with the southwestern part of South Boston, forms the Polish Triangle , in which mainly immigrants from Poland live. Many Vietnamese live in Savin Hill as well as in Fields Corner . In Uphams Corner there is a community of immigrants from the Cape Verde Islands .

City structure

Ashmont

The Ashmont district is on the border with Milton and consists of the Ashmont Hill , Peabody Square and Ashmont-Adams areas . The main streets are Ashmont Street , Gallivan Blvd. and Dorchester Avenue .

The district developed after the annexation of Dorchester by Boston in 1870. The structure was largely shaped by the Welles and Carruth families , who made their land available for the construction of the larger Victorian houses for which the area is famous to this day. In other places in Ashmont there are more two- and three-family houses. The area along Dorchester Avenue is more business-like.

The MBTA - Red Line metro stops at Ashmont Station , and there is also a connection to the Ashmont – Mattapan High Speed ​​Line , which leads to Mattapan .

Also worth seeing is the episcopal church All Saints' Church at 211 Ashmont Street , designed by architect Ralph Adams Cram together with Bertram Goodhue and built in 1892 , which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 16, 1980 with the number 80000678 . It is a parish of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts .

Codman Square District

Codman Square District is a Historic District in Dorchester bounded by Norfolk, Talbot, Epping, Lithgow, Center and Moultrie Streets. Most of the district was established in 1806 and listed on June 23, 1983 on the National Register of Historic Places under number 83000602.

Lower Mills

Correctly named Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District is registered as a Historic District and extends on both sides of the Neponset River in Dorchester and Milton . Lower Mills is therefore both a borough of Dorchester and Milton - before 1662, Milton was part of Dorchester. The district is located in the very south of Dorchester and is bordered to the east by Dorchester Bay and to the south by the Neponset River.

The district was established in 1868 and was listed on April 2, 1980 on the National Register of Historic Places under number 80000675.

Savin Hill

German map of Boston Harbor from 1888 with Dorchester in the lower left corner

The Savin Hill district was named for the hill it is on and around. It covers an area of ​​approximately 1  mi² (3  km² ) and is home to approximately 15,000 residents. Nearby are Savin Hill Beach and Malibu Beach , which also serve as recreational areas for other surrounding communities. Public transport is mainly through the station Savin Hill of the MBTA connected.

Savin Hill Yacht Club, founded in 1875 as the Savin Hill Beach Association and renamed in 1888, is located on Morrissey Boulevard in Savin Hill.

The Neponset - Indians , which is part of the larger tribe of Massachusetts , were spent for centuries the summer months in Savin Hill until the Europeans arrived. John Smith , the first English settler in America, visited Dorchester in 1614 and traded with the Neponset.

Today's Savin Hill was founded and settled in June 1630, just months after Boston was founded. The first to reach the area were Puritans who had come from England on the Mary and John . Initially they settled further south on the coast in the Hull area , but then moved further north to a hill overlooking a sheltered harbor (now Dorchester Bay ). The settlers built a settlement for about 140 people near the current intersection of Grampian Way and Savin Hill Avenue. They originally called the area Rock Hill, but the name was changed to Old Hill around 1780.

The original extent of Dorchester almost reached the border with Rhode Island . Over time, however, residents moved away, so that the city shrank by 1870 - at which point it disappeared completely from the map, as it was incorporated into Boston and its name now denoted a district. Rocky Hill, where the Puritans first settled, was renamed Savin Hill at the same time. The name was invented back in 1819 by Joseph Tuttle, a local restaurateur who opened a luxury hotel at the intersection of what is now Savin Hill Avenue and Tuttle Street. It goes back to juniper trees (English savin tree ), which grew in large quantities in the area.

After the Civil War ended , the Worthington family, who owned much of the land in what is now Savin Hill, began selling land for house building. It was at this time that most of the Victorian houses that still stand on the hillside were built today.

The continuous expansion of the transport system also influenced the development of the district. The Shawmut Branch Railroad connected Savin Hill with central Boston from 1872. The company was soon bought up by the Old Colony Railroad . The used today Station Savin Hill of the MBTA in 1927 part of Boston's overall network and is the Red Line operated.

When Savin Hill was separated from the sea in the early 1930s as part of the construction of Morrissey Boulevard , the boundaries of the district within Dorchester could be clearly defined for the first time. These were further refined with the construction of the Southeast Expressway (Interstate 93) in the late 1950s.

Relative isolation, as well as high population density, and proximity to downtown Boston have contributed significantly to the extensive gentrification of Savin Hill in recent years . Many of the traditional two- and three-family houses originally built there have been converted into condominiums since the late 1990s . Fears that long-term residents will be driven out of the neighborhood due to price increases have not come true.

Savin Hill was registered as a Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places on May 9, 2003 under number 03000385 .

Uphams Corner

Uphams Corner district is named after John Upham , who ran a grocery store there for many years, but is also often referred to as Columbia Square . The area is served by several bus routes of the MBTA Fairmount Commuter Rail .

In Uphams Corner there is the largest community of immigrants from the Cape Verde islands throughout Boston. There are also some historical landmarks to see there, including the Strand Theater , Columbia Square Barbonic Hall, and Dorchester North Burying Ground , which is considered the second oldest cemetery in the United States. The Jones Hill and Edward Everett Square are also frequently as part of Uphams Corner designated, but in fact there are separate areas.

Some of the exterior and interior views of the film Gone Baby Gone - Not child's play , in which Ben Affleck directed, were in Uphams Corner rotated.

history

Settlement and incorporation

View from Dorchester north towards Boston, ca.1781

On May 30, 1630 Captain Squib on the reached Mary and John the Boston Harbor . On June 17, 1630, a boat with eight crew members landed on the coast of Dorchester on a narrow peninsula called Mattapan or Mattaponnock , now known as Columbia Point or Harbor Point . The ship's crew - including William Phelps , Roger Ludlow , John Mason , Samuel Maverick, and Nicholas Upsall - founded the town of Dorchester on what is now the intersection of Columbia Road and Massachusetts Avenue . Although Dorchester was annexed by Boston over 100 years ago, the founding anniversary is still celebrated each year on Dorchester Day , including a parade along Dorchester Avenue .

Most of the early settlers in Dorchester were from South West England , some from the English town of Dorchester , Dorset , where Pastor John White was a leading proponent of a Puritan settlement in the New World . John White has also been named the secret champion of the Massachusetts Bay Colony because, despite his extensive efforts, he stayed in England and never emigrated to the colony he stood for. The founded city was centered around the First Parish Church of Dorchester , which still exists today as a Unitarian universal church on Meetinghouse Hill . It is the oldest religious organization in Boston today.

On October 8, 1633 the first was in Dorchester Municipal Assembly (English Town Meeting ) held the US history. Today, Town Meeting Day is celebrated across Massachusetts on October 8th .

Dorchester had the Mather School , founded in 1639, the first public elementary school in America. The school building still exists today as the oldest school of its kind in the United States.

In 1695, settlers were sent out to establish the city of Dorchester , South Carolina . But after less than half a century it was abandoned again.

Early history

Advertisement for Baker's Cocoa in a January 1919 issue of Overland Monthly. The manufacture of chocolate was started in the United States in 1765 by John Hannon and Dr. James Baker performed for the first time in Dorchester. The company Walter Baker & Company was based in Dorchester.

Chocolate was first produced in the United States in 1765 , when Irish chocolate maker John Hannon (sometimes also spelled Hannan ) imported cocoa beans from the West Indies and processed them in Dorchester. He worked with the US doctor and investor Dr. James Baker together. Shortly thereafter, they opened the first American chocolate factory in Lower Mills . The Walter Baker Chocolate Factory operated as part of Walter Baker & Company until 1965.

Before the American Revolution , the Sons of Liberty met in August 1769 at the Lemuel Robinson Tavern, which was on the east side of Washington Street near what is now Fuller Street . Lemuel Robinson was a representative of the city during the revolution and served as a colonel in the revolutionary army. Dorchester (including part of what is now South Boston ) was also the scene of the Battle of Dorchester Heights in 1776 , which ultimately led to the evacuation of the British from Boston. This day is still celebrated in Suffolk County annually on March 17th as Evacuation Day .

Victorian era

One of the most influential Dorchester residents was Lucy Stone , who was an early advocate for women's rights.

In the Victorian era , Dorchester became a popular retreat for the Boston elite and developed into a dormitory city ​​that was very well connected to the city center via its well-developed transport links. John F. Kennedy's mother and grandparents lived in the Ashmont Hill District while serving as Boston Mayor .

The American poet Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. wrote a in 1830 poem called The Dorchester Giant and mentioned in a special rock that rock conglomerate Roxbury pudding stone that was mined in Dorchester and consist of the many churches and monuments in Boston. This includes in particular the Church of the Covenant in the Back Bay district .

In 1845 the Old Colony Railroad ran through the area connecting Boston with Plymouth . The station was called Crescent Avenue or Crescent Avenue Depot . The name later changed to Columbia and on December 1, 1982 again to JFK / UMass . The station is now served by the MBTA with both underground and overground rail transport.

In the 1880s, the pasture at Columbia Point was used as a sewer and as a site for a large pumping station that has survived to this day. At the time of its construction, it was pioneering in treating wastewater and improving purity and health in urban living spaces. The station pumped the wastewater to a remote treatment facility on Moon Island in Boston Harbor and served as a model for other systems of this type worldwide. The facility was in operation until 1968 when a new treatment facility was built on Deer Island and the old pumping station no longer was required. In addition to its function, it is also interesting from an architectural point of view, as it was designed by the Boston city architect George Clough in the Romanesque style influenced by Henry Hobson Richardson . It is also the only building from the 19th century left at Columbia Point and is on the National Register of Historic Places .

Annexed by Boston

Map of Dorchester and its vicinity from the HF Walling Map of the County of Norfolk, Massachusetts , 1858.

Map showing properties that were occupied with buildings after the annexation in 1880. Dorchester is in the lower left quadrant. Source: United States Census Bureau .

The annexation of Dorchester by Boston took place in a continuous process from March 6, 1804 to June 22, 1869 and ended with a related plebiscite in Boston and Dorchester. As a result, Dorchester became an official part of Boston on January 3, 1870. This is also the historical reason why Dorchester Heights is now part of South Boston and not Dorchester, as Dorchester ceded it to Boston in 1804. Other parts of the original Dorchester were transferred to Quincy in 1792, 1814, 1819 and 1855 , while other components became the independent cities of Milton (1662), Stoughton (1726) and Hyde Park (1868, later also annexed by Boston).

In 1891 the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted , who had already realized projects such as the Boston Public Garden and the Emerald Necklace , was commissioned to build Dorchester Park as an urban forest for the growing population in Dorchester.

1904 which led Dorchester Historical Society to Dorchester Day in order to commemorate the founding of the settlement Dorchester in 1630th The annual feast day is celebrated through a variety of activities.

Early 20th century

There was increased social activism in Dorchester during the late 19th and early 20th centuries . The Jones Hill borough was the first Boston borough to successfully integrate diverse races . One of the residents there was William Monroe Trotter , who together with WEB Du Bois helped found the Niagara Movement , the predecessor of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People . Many leading suffragettes also lived in Dorchester, including Lucy Stone .

In the early 20th century, there was increased immigration to Dorchester by African Americans from the south as well as immigrants from Ireland , Canada , Poland and Italy . The three-story apartment buildings for which the district is so famous date from this period.

Recent past

Photo of a market building in Uphams Corner (2010). It shows the typical street landscape of the district.

In the early 1950s, Dorchester was a center of the civil rights movement . This is how Martin Luther King, Jr. lived there for most of the time he was writing his dissertation at Boston University :

“With Boston's Baptist community riveted by his preaching and Coretta [Scott King] at his side, King's circle grew. The Dorchester apartment drew friends and followers like a magnet, according to [friend and roommate John] Bustamante, with 'untold numbers of visitors coming from the other schools.' The roommates housed and fed the visitors, who would join in civil rights discussions. "

“With the Boston Baptist Church sworn in because of his sermons and Coretta [Scott King] at his side, his following grew steadily. His Dorchester apartment attracted friends and followers like a magnet, along with "countless visitors from other schools," as [his friend and roommate John] Bustamante relates. The two provided food and shelter to visitors who wanted to take part in the civil rights debates. "

- Susan Seligson : Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Roommate Reminisces

During the 1950s to 1980s, Dorchester's ethnic makeup changed significantly. Up until the 1950s, almost exclusively Americans of Jewish descent lived along Blue Hill Avenue from Roxbury to Mattapan , who had lived there for many generations. Mostly Americans of Irish descent lived in Neponset . During the 1950s to 1960s, during the Great African American Migration , many African Americans moved from the South to the North and settled on Blue Hill Avenue and nearby streets. While some Jews moved to other suburbs, some Boston banks and real estate agents developed a blockbusting plan for the metropolitan area. The area around Blue Hill Avenue was specially marked internally so that only the newly arrived African American people received mortgages for houses there. During these changes, crime rates skyrocketed - murders and assaults were commonplace. The white flight was omnipresent. By the 1980s, the area around Blue Hill Avenue in Dorchester had become a predominantly black area.

In the last half of the 20th century a new wave of immigrants arrived in Dorchester, this time from Puerto Rico , the Dominican Republic , Haiti , Jamaica , Trinidad and Tobago , Vietnam , the Cape Verde Islands and from other countries in Latin America and Asia and Africa . In addition, many Irish and Poles continued to move to Dorchester. Large immigration mixed the population of Dorchester more than ever before in the city's long history, so that more residents from more countries of origin than ever before lived in the district. These immigrants helped revitalize many areas of Dorchester economically by opening ethnic shops and restaurants.

Population development

The distribution of the 92,115 inhabitants by their respective ancestry in 2010 was as follows: 36% African American , 32% white , 12% Hispanic or Latino , 11% Asian or Pacific Islander , 1% Indigenous American , 4% other races and 5% two or more races .

politics

crime

The crime rate in Dorchester is above average. Although only about 15% of the total population of Boston live in the district, 44% of the murders occurred there in 2010 . In 2009, 24 of the 50 murders in Boston were committed in Dorchester. The majority of the crimes take place in the boroughs of Dorchester, Mattapan and Roxbury , which are each adjacent to one another.

Culture and sights

Museums

• John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library and Museum
• Massachusetts State Archives
• Commonwealth Museum

Buildings

• Location of the Baker Chocolate Mill
• William Monroe Trotter House
• University of Massachusetts - Harbor Campus
• Boston Globe office space
• Seat of the Neponset River State Reservation
• First Parish Church of Dorchester
• James Blake House
• Captain Lemuel Clap House
• William Clapp House

Parks

• Pope John Paul II Park Reservation
• Franklin Park Zoo

Economy and Infrastructure

The Boston Globe headquarters are on Morrissey Boulevard in Dorchester.

Throughout its history, Dorchester has seen periods of economic recovery and recession . In the 1960s and 1970s, the district was hit particularly hard by a recession, which was accompanied by high unemployment and the white flight .

In 1953, the Carney Hospital moved from South Boston to its current location in Dorchester, from where the hospital serves Mattapan , Milton and Quincy in addition to Dorchester .

In the same year a large social housing project was completed on the Columbia Point peninsula . A total of 1,502 residential units were built on 50 acres (202,342.821 m² ) of land. The neighborhood later became known for high crime rates and poor living conditions, and went through a very difficult period in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1988 only 350 families lived there. In 1984 management was transferred to the private development company Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison , which modernized the area and redesigned it for mixed income groups. The resulting Harbor Point Apartments were opened in 1988 and completed in 1990. It was the first federal housing project in the United States to be privatized in this way. Harbor Point gained a lot of recognition and received various awards, including the Urban Land Institute , the FIABCI Award for international excellence and the Rudy Bruner Award .

In the 20th century, many of the Boston unions moved their headquarters to Dorchester, including the Boston Teachers Union , the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 103 , the New England Regional Council of Carpenters, and the International Association of Fire Fighters Local 718 .

During the US housing crisis in 2008 , Hendry Street in Dorchester became the media epicenter . As a result, the city of Boston was able to acquire some of the houses there for only 30,000 US dollars and was also interested in other buildings for which the owners could no longer pay taxes. The houses bought by the city were renovated and added to the social housing stock .

In 2008, the published Corcoran Jennison Company plans to redevelopment of 30 acres (121,405.693 m² ) big Bayside Exposition Center on the Columbia Point -Halbinsel in a mixed floor space for shops and residences called "Bayside on the Point". However, the Bayside Expo Center was acquired in 2009 as part of a foreclosure sale by the Florida- based real estate company LMR / CMAT and shortly afterwards sold to the University of Massachusetts Boston , which plans to build new campus facilities on the site .

traffic

MBTA Red Line platform at JFK / UMass station

The district is five stations of train traffic, the MBTA Red Line , five stations on the Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line , regional commuter trains and several bus lines to the public transport system connected. In the past decade, the Red Line running through Dorchester has undergone extensive renovations. Among other things, four new underground stations were built in Savin Hill , Fields Corner , Shawmut and Ashmont . At the Ashmont station, the city of Boston worked with the State of Massachusetts and private investors on the state's first transit-oriented development called The Carruth .

The Interstate 93 (also Route 3 and part of US Highway 1 ) runs north to south through Dorchester between Quincy and Boston city center, providing quick access to the eastern part of Dorchester. In addition, also lead the Route 203 and Route 28 through Dorchester, as well as the Gallivan Boulevard , the Morton Street and after its end at the Blue Hills Reservation named Blue Hill Avenue . The former Dorchester Turnpike (now Dorchester Avenue ) runs from the Fort Point Channel in South Boston to Lower Mills and once boasted that it was horse-drawn carriages .

media

The Boston Globe headquarters are in Dorchester . The New York Times , the current owner of the Globe, put the Boston Globe up for sale, but this created opposition from the Boston population who had seen other major employers close. After negotiating with the unions and implementing cost-cutting measures, the New York Times abandoned plans to sell the Boston Globe in October 2009.

education

Public schools

In Dorchester, the students are trained at the Boston Public Schools (BPS). The distribution of students to the different schools by the BPS is based on their preferences and priorities.

The Dorchester High School was founded before the annexation of Dorchester by Boston and was initially an all- boys school and opened on December 10, 1852. In the course of the annexation in 1870, the management of the school was transferred to the city of Boston. A new building opened for girls on Talbot Avenue in Codman Square in 1901 , while the current building on Peacevale Road dates from 1925 and only accepted boys. In 1953 Dorchester High School became co-educational .

Today Dorchester is home to many of the city's high schools . The former Dorchester High School continues as the Dorchester Education Complex . The major schools in this complex are the Dorchester Academy , which emerged from the Academy of Public Service and the Edward G. Noonan Business Academy , and the TechBoston Academy .

Dorchester is also home to the Boston Latin Academy and Jeremiah E. Burke High School, as well as the following schools:

• Boston Collegiate Charter School, Grades 5–12
• Codman Academy Charter Public School, Grades 9–12
• Paul A. Dever Elementary School, Kindergarten through Grade 5
• Edward Everett Elementary School, Kindergarten through Grade 5
• Lilla Frederick Pilot Middle School, Grades 6-8
• The Harbor School, Grades 6-8
• Dr. William H. Henderson Inclusion Elementary School (formerly Patrick O'Hearn Elementary School), Kindergarten through Grade 5
• Thomas J. Kenney Elementary School, Kindergarten through Grade 5
• The Mather Elementary School , pre-school through grade 5
• John W. McCormack School, Grades 6-8
• Richard J. Murphy Elementary School, Kindergarten through Grade 8
• Neighborhood Charter School, Kindergarten through Grade 8
• William E. Russell Elementary, Kindergarten through Grade 5
• Smith Leadership Academy Charter School, Grades 5–8
• Lucy Stone School, Kindergarten through Grade 5
• TechBoston Lower Academy (formerly Woodrow Wilson Middle School ), Grades 6–9
• Uphams Corner Charter School, Grades 5–8

Denominational schools

The Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy of the Archdiocese of Boston maintains the Columbia campus , the Mattapan Square campus , the Lower Mills Campus and the Neponset campus .

Other denominational schools in Dorchester are:

• Boston College High School , Grades 7–12
• Cristo Rey High School Boston, Grades 9-12
• Elizabeth Seton Academy , Grades 9-12
• St. Brendan's School, Kindergarten through Grade 8
• St. Matthew School, Kindergarten through Grade 8

Colleges and universities

• The University of Massachusetts Boston is a municipal public research university and has the second largest campus in the University of Massachusetts system . It is located at Columbia Point in Dorchester.
• The Laboure College is a Roman Catholic , coeducational college and allows among others the conclusion of an associate degree in nursing and health sciences . It is located on the Carney Hospital grounds in Lower Mills .

Public libraries

The Boston Public Library has six local locations in Dorchester. The stores are located on Adams Street , Codman Square , Fields Corner , Grove Hall , Lower Mills and Uphams Corner .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Thaddeus William Harris (1795-1856), entomologist and botanist
• Charles Baker Adams (1814-1853) - naturalist
• Samuel Armstrong (1784–1850), politician
• Ray Bolger (1904–1987) - vaudeville artist and actor best known as the crow in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz
• Sarah Bradlee Fulton (1740-1835) - active participant in the American Revolutionary War
• Ralph A. Bradshaw (born 1941) - biochemist
• James J. Bulger (1929-2018) - former gang boss and leader of the Winter Hill Gang
• Arthur Colgan (born 1946) - Catholic clergyman, auxiliary bishop in Chosica, Peru
• Joe Conforte - Owner of Mustang Ranch in Nevada
• Clarence Cook - 19th century critic and writer
• Norm Crosby (born 1927) - entertainer
• Pete Doherty ("The Duke of Dorchester") - professional wrestler from 1973 to 1994 and program spokesperson for WWE from 1987 to 1989
• John Anthony Dooher (* 1943), Roman Catholic clergyman, auxiliary bishop emeritus in Boston
• Burt Goldblatt (1924–2006) - graphic designer, photographer and author
• Kay Hanley (* 1968) - musician of alternative rock , known as the singer of the band Letters to Cleo
• Kevin Hayes (* 1992) - Ice hockey player in the National Hockey League , currently under contract with the Philadelphia Flyers
• Joseph P. Kennedy (1888–1969) - prominent businessman and politician
• Rose Kennedy (1890–1995) - mother of US President John F. Kennedy
• John King (born 1963) - journalist
• Jonathan Knight (* 1968) - singer of New Kids on the Block
• Jordan Knight (born 1970) - singer of New Kids on the Block
• Dennis Lehane (born 1965) - author
• Richard P. Martin (* 1954), classical philologist
• Neal McDonough (born 1966) - actor
• John Joseph Mulcahy (1922–1994) - Auxiliary Bishop in Boston
• Leonard Nimoy (1931–2015) - actor (known as Spock ), director , poet , musician and photographer
• Lawrence O'Donnell (* 1951) - former advisor to Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan
• Omega Red - rapper , musician and actor. Nephew of Donna Summer .
• Lucy Stone (1818-1893) - abolitionist and suffragette
• Donna Summer (1948–2012) - singer
• Donnie Wahlberg (* 1969) - singer, actor and film producer and member of New Kids on the Block
• Mark Wahlberg (* 1971) - actor, nominated for the Academy Award

Personalities who have worked on site

• William Taylor Adams - wrote novels under the pseudonym "Oliver Optic" and was employed in the school administration in Dorchester
• Samuel Turell Armstrong - former Massachusetts Governor
• Robert Bergenheim - founder of the Boston Business Journal, who grew up in Dorchester
• William M. Bulger - Massachusetts politician and past President of the Senate and University of Massachusetts
• Elliott Francis - television and radio journalist
• Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929–1968) - civil rights activist
• Calixa Lavallée (1842–1891) - composer of the Canadian national anthem and author of the offertory for the dedication of the Church of St. Peter's of Dorchester (1883)
• Richard Mather (1596–1669), clergyman, spiritual leader of the first generation of Puritans in New England

Others

The John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum on the Columbia Point Peninsula

The first medical care center in the United States was the Columbia Point Health Center in Dorchester. It was opened in December 1965 and mainly supplied the extensive residential complex directly adjacent. The center was founded by doctors Jack Geiger ( Harvard University , later Tufts University ) and Count Gibson (Tufts University). Geiger had previously got to know the first medical care centers and the principles of community first aid together with Sidney Kark and other colleagues as a medical student in rural KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa . The former Columbia Point Health Center has been operating under the name Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center in honor of the founders since 1990 .

After the attempt in 1977 to locate the John F. Kennedy Library in Cambridge and thus in the vicinity of Harvard University , the way was clear to place the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum on the Columbia Point peninsula . The building was designed by architect Ieoh Ming Pei and inaugurated on October 20, 1979.

The oldest standing residential building in the city of Boston, the James Blake House , is located in Edward Everett Square at the historic intersection of Columbia Road , Boston Street and Massachusetts Avenue near the Dorchester Historical Society . It was built in 1661, which has been confirmed by a corresponding dendrochronology .

Some of the oldest streets in Dorchester have changed names several times over the centuries. For example , Leavitt Place , named after one of the first settlers, John Leavitt , was initially renamed Brook Court and later Brook Avenue Place .

literature

• History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts in Google Book search
• Glover Memorials and Genealogies: An Account of John Glover Of Dorchester and Some of his Descendants in the Google book search
• Good Old Dorchester: A Narrative History of the Town, 1630-1893 in a google book search
• Dorchester in Google Book Search
• Dorchester: Volume II in Google Book Search
• Dorchester: Then & Now in Google Book Search
• 21st Report of the Records Commissioners of Boston in Google Book Search
• Seasholes, Nancy S .: Gaining ground: a history of landmaking in Boston . MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2003, ISBN 978-0-262-19494-5 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Boston's Neighborhoods: Dorchester . Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA). 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
2. ↑ Ebenezer Clapp: History of the town of Dorchester, Massachusetts. Ed .: Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society. E. Clapp, Jr., Boston 1859, OCLC 3525469 .
3. ↑ Emily Sweeney: DOT. DOT. DOT. Before there was Boston, there was Dorchester. In: Boston Globe . September 18, 2005, accessed December 28, 2011 . 
4. ^ History of Dorchester, MA. In: Boston Neighborhood News, Inc. Archived from the original on February 4, 2005 ; accessed on December 28, 2011 . 
5. ^ Dorchester development to be geared toward gays. In: Bay Windows. August 2, 2007, archived from the original on June 12, 2011 ; accessed on December 28, 2011 . 
6. ^ Fred Kuhr: There goes the gayborhood. (PDF) In: The Advocate. July 6, 2004, p. 34 ff. , Accessed on December 28, 2011 (English). 
7. ↑ Pete Stidman: For Some, Last Calls Heard on the Ave. (No longer available online.) In: Boston Neighborhood News, Inc. Archived from the original on February 23, 2012 ; accessed on December 28, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ^ Johnny Diaz: Under a rainbow flag, linking the dots. Another Dorchester change: a voice for gays. In: Boston Globe . October 30, 2005, accessed December 28, 2011 . 
9. ↑ Monica Mleczko: Board of Trade scholarship winners celebrate best of neighborhood. In: Dorchester Reporter. June 15, 2006, archived from the original on September 27, 2011 ; accessed on December 29, 2011 . 
10. ^ Dorchester Avenue. In: Boston Redevelopment Authority. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009 ; Retrieved December 29, 2011 . 
11. ^ Dorchester. (No longer available online.) In: Caribbean Affairs in the USA. Archived from the original on March 2, 2012 ; accessed on December 29, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ^ Peter F. Stevens: The Wearing of the Green. Dorchester's Irish Links Go Back To the Town's Very Beginnings. In: Dorchester Reporter. March 3, 2006, archived from the original on April 3, 2005 ; accessed on December 29, 2011 . 
13. ↑ Douglass Shand-Tucci: The Gothic churches of Dorchester . an introduction to the architecture of Cram, Ralph Adams. Dorchester Saving Bank, Dorchester 1973, OCLC 83428899 .
14. ↑ ^{a b} National Register Information System . In: National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service . Retrieved July 9, 2010.
15. ^ Savin Hill Yacht Club History. (No longer available online.) In: Savin Hill Yacht Club. Archived from the original on February 3, 2008 ; accessed on December 30, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
16. ↑ Lee Sultzman: Massachusett History. Retrieved December 30, 2011 . 
17. ^ Savin Hill 500 Years Ago. In: waymarking.com. January 3, 2008, accessed December 30, 2011 . 
18. ^ Historical Sketch of Dorchester. Mercantike Publishing Company, Boston, 1888, accessed December 30, 2011 . 
19. ↑ Savin Hill. (PDF; 239 kB) (No longer available online.) In: Boston Redevelopment Authority. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011 ; Retrieved January 1, 2012 (English, map of Savin Hill in Dorchester). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ↑ Lisa Wangsness, Cristina Silva: Vietnamese see role lost in translation. Some fear culture may suffer in Dorchester Ave. changes. In: Boston Globe . June 29, 2005, accessed January 1, 2012 . 
21. ↑ Kimberly Blanton: Multifamily-home sales boom ends 4-year run. 15% decrease in 2005 signals the state's market has peaked. In: Boston Globe . April 22, 2006, accessed January 1, 2012 . 
22. ↑ Ben Jones: Housing Slump Hitting New England Harder. In: The Housing Bubble. December 15, 2006, accessed January 1, 2012 . 
23. ↑ Welcome to Upham's Corner. In: Upham's Corner Main Street, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2011 . 
24. ^ Edward W. Gordon, Upham's Corner. In: Dorchester Atheneum. April 1995, accessed December 29, 2011 . 
25. ↑ Fairmount Line. In: MBTA . Retrieved December 29, 2011 . 
26. ^ What is the population of Dorchester, Massachusetts? In: Answerbag.com. Retrieved December 29, 2011 . 
27. ^ About Upham's Corner. (No longer available online.) In: Upham's Corner Main Street, Inc. Archived from the original on January 14, 2012 ; accessed on December 29, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
28. ^ Charles McGrath: Redemption Hunting. In: New York Times . October 14, 2007, accessed December 29, 2011 . 
29. ↑ ^{a b} Calf Pasture Pumping Station. In: Dorchester Atheneum. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
30. ↑ REVEREND ARTHUR W. ACKERMAN, DD: Reverend John White of Dorchester, England. In: Dorchester Atheneum. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
31. ^ Notable Events in Massachusetts History. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
32. ^ Mather Elementary School. In: Boston Public Schools. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
33. ↑ Ebenezer Clapp: History of the town of Dorchester, Massachusetts . Ed .: Committee of the Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society. David Clapp, Boston 1859 ( online in Google book search).
34. ^ Peter F. Stevens: It Happened in Dorchester: Dr. Baker and the Chocolate Factory. In: Dorchester Reporter. Archived from the original on April 3, 2006 ; accessed on January 2, 2012 . 
35. ^ Sweet History: Dorchester and the Chocolate Factory. (No longer available online.) In: Bostonian Society. Archived from the original on November 19, 2008 ; accessed on January 2, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
36. ^ Walter Baker & Co. General History. In: Dorchester Atheneum. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
37. ^ Sons of Liberty in Dorchester. In: Dorchester Atheneum. Retrieved January 2, 2012 . 
38. ↑ Oliver Wendell Holmes: The Dorchester Giant. 1830, accessed January 3, 2012 . 
39. ^ Anthony Mitchell Sammarco: Boston . A Century of Progress. Arcadia Publishing, Dover 1995, ISBN 978-0-7524-0253-6 ( online in Google Book Search).
40. ^ E. Whiting: Map of Dorchester (1850). (No longer available online.) In: Norman B. Leventhal Map Center. 1850, archived from the original on December 2, 2008 ; Retrieved on January 4, 2012 (English, The Crescent Avenue Depot of the Old Colony Railroad is shown on the map.). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
41. ^ William Dana Orcutt: Good Old Dorchester: A Narrative History of the Town, 1630-1893 . Heritage Books, Maryland 2002, ISBN 0-7884-2063-1 , pp. 418-439 .
42. ^ Dorchester Park website. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on July 21, 2011 ; accessed on January 4, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
43. ^ History. In: Dorchester Historical Society. Retrieved January 4, 2012 . 
44. ^ Earl Taylor: Settled before Boston, Dorchester home of many firsts. (No longer available online.) In: Dorchester Reporter. May 29, 2008, archived from the original on February 23, 2012 ; accessed on January 4, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
45. ^ Peter F. Stevens: A VOICE FROM ON HIGH. Lucy Stone of Pope's Hill Was a Key Voice in the Early Days of the Women's Movement in America. In: Dorchester Reporter. May 26, 2005, archived from the original on February 13, 2005 ; accessed on January 4, 2012 . 
46. ^ Susan Seligson: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Roommate Reminisces. John Bustamante recalls Coretta Scott at Myles Standish, and Dorchester digs. In: Boston University . January 15, 2010, accessed January 4, 2012 . 
47. ^ Hillel Levine, Lawrence Harmon: The death of an American Jewish community . a tragedy of good intentions. Free Press, New York 1992, ISBN 978-0-02-913865-6 .
48. ↑ Foreign Born. (PDF; 7.8 MB) Immigrants in Boston. (No longer available online.) Boston Redevelopment Authority, October 2007, archived from the original on March 4, 2012 ; accessed on January 4, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
49. ↑ DORCHESTER DATA PROFILE. (PDF; 248 kB) Department of Neighborhood Development, May 1, 2006, accessed on January 4, 2012 . 
50. ^ Murders in Boston during 2009. In: Boston Globe . Retrieved January 1, 2012 . 
51. ↑ Leah Platt Boustan: What postwar suburbanization "White flight"? (PDF; 244 kB) Evidence from the Black Migration. In: Quarterly Journal of Economics. February 2010, pp. 417-443 , accessed January 4, 2012 (English). 
52. ↑ Fireplace Blair: Rethinking Public Housing. In: Blueprints magazine. National Building Museum, 1997, archived from the original on April 16, 2007 ; accessed on January 5, 2012 . 
53. ^ Jane Roessner: A decent place to live: from Columbia Point to Harbor Point . a community history. Northeastern University Press, Boston 2000, ISBN 978-1-55553-437-0 .
54. ^ Boston War Zone Becomes Public Housing Dream. In: New York Times . November 23, 1991, accessed January 5, 2012 . 
55. ↑ Archive. In: Boston Herald . 2008, Retrieved January 5, 2012 (39 articles on Hendry Street in 2008). 
56. ^ Binyamin Appelbaum: Hendry St. rescue plan underway. In: Boston Globe . February 15, 2008, accessed January 5, 2012 . 
57. ↑ Pete Stidman: Sketches outline new-deal for Columbia Point. (No longer available online.) In: Dorchester Reporter. August 14, 2008, archived from the original on February 13, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
58. ↑ Pete Stidman: Bayside developers go public with site plans. (No longer available online.) In: Dorchester Reporter. July 17, 2008, archived from the original on February 13, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
59. ↑ Pete Stidman: 'Next great neighborhood' planned for Morrissey site. (No longer available online.) In: Dorchester Reporter. November 13, 2008, archived from the original on February 13, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
60. ^ Ed Forry: UMass-Boston seeks to buy Bayside Expo; Motley says no plans for dorms. In: Dorchester Reporter. December 16, 2009, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
61. ^ Ashmont Station Renovation. (No longer available online.) In: Massachusetts Bay Transport Authority. Archived from the original on January 7, 2016 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
62. ↑ ^{a b} Jim O Sullivan: Ashmont Station Project Running into Trouble. In: Dorchester Reporter. February 1, 2005, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
63. ↑ The Carruth, Boston. (No longer available online.) In: Mass Housing. Archived from the original on February 4, 2016 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
64. ↑ Keith O'Brien: Times Co. seeks Globe bids. Potential buyers say paper's owner has hired firm to manage possible sale. In: Boston Globe . June 10, 2009, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
65. ^ Galen Moore: New York Times drops plan to sell Globe. In: Boston Business Journal. October 14, 2009, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
66. ^ Student Assignment Policy. In: Boston Public Schools. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
67. ^ Peter F. Stevens: Of Debates And Diplomas. The Legacy Of Dorchester High School Did Not Arrive Without Struggle. In: Dorchester Reporter. June 5, 2003, archived from the original on July 16, 2011 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . 
68. ^ Dorchester Education Complex (formerly Dorchester High School). (No longer available online.) In: Boston Public Schools. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
69. ^ Dorchester Academy. In: Boston Public Schools. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
70. ↑ TechBoston Academy. In: Boston Public Schools. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
71. ^ Columbia Campus. In: Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
72. ^ Mattapan Campus. In: Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
73. ^ Lower Mills Campus. In: Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
74. ^ Neponset Campus. In: Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
75. ^ Neighborhood Branch Libraries. In: Boston Public Library. Retrieved January 6, 2012 . 
76. ^ Eugène Lapierre: Calixa Lavallée . Ed .: Musieien national du Canada. Fides, Montreal, Paris 1966, OCLC 642010547 , pp. 235 .
77. ^ Delta Health Center Records, 1956-1992. In: Southern Historical Collection. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
78. ↑ Dr. Count Gibson. (No longer available online.) In: George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services. Archived from the original on February 14, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
79. ^ Theodore M. Brown, Elizabeth Fee Sidney Kark, John Cassel: Sidney Kark and John Cassel . Social Medicine Pioneers and South African Emigrés. In: American Public Health Association (Ed.): American Journal of Public Health . tape 92 , no. 11 , November 2002, ISSN  0090-0036 , p. 1744-1745 , doi : 10.2105 / AJPH.92.11.1744 , PMID 12406799 ( online [accessed January 6, 2012]).
80. ↑ Dr. H. Jack Geiger. (No longer available online.) In: George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services. Archived from the original on May 17, 2012 ; accessed on January 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
81. ^ Jane Roessner: A decent place to live . from Columbia Point to Harbor Point: a community history. Northeastern University Press, Boston 2000, ISBN 978-1-55553-437-0 , pp. 80 .
82. ↑ Dolores Kong: 25 YEARS OF INTENSIVE CARING. In: Boston Globe . October 28, 1990, accessed January 6, 2012 (English, paid article). 
83. ^ Dendrochronology shows Blake House is Oldest House in Boston. In: Boston Atheneum. April 25, 2009, accessed January 6, 2012 . 
84. ^ Boston (Mass.) Street Laying-Out Dept .: A record of the streets, alleys, places, etc. in the city of Boston. City of Boston Printing Dept., Boston 1910, OCLC 1042846 .

Web links

Commons : Dorchester, Boston  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

• Map showing roads and railroads around Dorchester from 1867
• Old maps of the USGS Boston and Dorchester
• From the Boston Public Library's map collection
  • Map of Dorchester (1831)
  • Map of Dorchester (1850)
  • Map of Dorchester and Quincy (1868)
  • Map of Dorchester (1880)
• Dorchester Community Website
• Dorchester Historical Society website
• Site of the First Parish Church in Dorchester
• Map of Dorchester (PDF; 481 kB)