Elmshausen (Dautphetal)
Elmshausen
community Dautphetal
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Coordinates: 50 ° 51 ′ 30 ″ N , 8 ° 36 ′ 52 ″ E | |
Height : | 238 m above sea level NHN |
Area : | 3.51 km² |
Residents : | 324 (Dec. 31, 2017) |
Population density : | 92 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | July 1, 1974 |
Postal code : | 35232 |
Area code : | 06466 |
Location of Elmshausen in the municipality of Dautphetal
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View of Elmshausen from the refuge
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Elmshausen is a part of the municipality of Dautphetal in the central Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf .
geography
location
Elmshausen is located 24 km west of the upper center of Marburg and eight km southeast of the middle center of Biedenkopf on the lower terrace of the Lahn valley at the foothills of the Rothaargebirge at the foot of the Roßberg, which rises 425 meters high. Thus Elmshausen is the easternmost part of the municipality. It is further surrounded by Silberg, Treisberg (437 meters) and rear-view mirror. The center of Elmshausen is 235 m above sea level. NN, the area is 351.38 ha. The Elmshausen district borders on the Dautphetal districts of Buchenau , Allendorf and Damshausen . In the east it borders on Kernbach and Brungershausen , districts of the municipality of Lahntal .
climate
Elmshausen is located in the warm, temperate rainy climate of the middle latitudes. The mean daily mean temperature is around 16–17 ° C in summer and around −1–1 ° C in winter. The mean amount of precipitation in the Elmshausen area is approx. 700–800 mm.
history
It was first mentioned in a document around 1200/1220, when the Wetter monastery owned one hoof and the von Hohenfels nine hooves in Elmshausen. In 1286 the Marburg bourgeois family von Gambach sold their goods to Elmshausen to the Caldern monastery .
Jewish history in Elmshausen
A small Jewish community had lived in Elmshausen since the beginning of the 19th century, with a Jewish resident being named for the first time in 1809, who belonged to the Jewish community in Gladenbach . In 1859 an independent Jewish community was founded in Elmshausen and Buchenau. In 1830 there were 30 Jews in Elmshausen, in 1845 there were five families, in 1859 seven families with 34 people.
The Jewish community used a prayer room in one of the private houses in Elmshausen and had temporarily employed its own teacher. Furthermore, a Jewish cemetery was created above the village.
In the time after the First World War there was still a Jewish family in Elmshausen, which did not change until the beginning of the First World War. Due to increasing reprisals, disenfranchisement and the consequences of the economic boycott, this family moved to Marburg and wanted to emigrate from there to Brazil, but this was no longer possible. The November pogroms of 1938 did not stop at Elmshausen either. A total of nine Jewish people who were born in Elmshausen and / or lived for a long time were killed during the Nazi era .
Manor
The manor Elmshausen had been the seat of the Lords of Döring since the 13th century. Today's manor house with its farm buildings was built in 1586 by Alexander von Döring, court master of Landgrave Ludwig IV . In the following years the owner changed more frequently, although these are not recorded. In 1856 the last President of the Nassau government inherited the estate, who retired here after the annexation by Prussia. After his death it was taken over by his nephews Wilhelm and Gustav. They extensively renovated the building and continued the farm. The property is still owned by the Ohm-Winter family today. Agriculture was largely abandoned, today the farm houses a riding facility with shelter for horses.
The ensemble consists of stables and barn buildings of different times, which are grouped around a central courtyard and mostly have a massive ground floor with half-timbered attachments, but are also made entirely of bricks. The complex is dominated by the stately, elongated mansion from 1586, which has four floors. The building has a vaulted cellar and a massive base, above which rises a partly plastered half-timbered, partly a solid ground floor made of natural stone.
Territorial reform
Until the regional reform in Hesse , Elmshausen was an independent municipality. 1 July 1974 at Elmshausen was powerful state law to the new greater community Dautphetal together . The headquarters of the municipal administration was installed in Dautphe . Local districts were set up for all formerly independent municipalities .
Territorial history and administration
The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Elmshausen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:
- before 1567: Holy Roman Empire , Landgraviate of Hesse , Biedenkopf Office , Dautphe Court
- from 1567: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate of Hessen-Marburg , Biedenkopf Office, Dautphe Court
- 1604–1648: disputed between Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt ( Hessenkrieg )
- from 1604: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel, Biedenkopf office, Dautphe court
- from 1627: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate Hesse-Darmstadt , Upper Duchy of Hesse , Biedenkopf Office, Dautphe Court
- from 1806: Grand Duchy of Hesse , Upper Duchy of Hesse , Biedenkopf Office
- from 1815: German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse , Biedenkopf Office
- from 1821: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gladenbach (separation of justice ( District Court Gladenbach ) and administration)
- from 1832: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Biedenkopf district
- from 1848: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Biedenkopf district
- from 1852: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Biedenkopf district
- from 1867: North German Confederation , Kingdom of Prussia , Province of Hesse-Nassau , District of Wiesbaden , District of Biedenkopf (transitional hinterland district)
- from 1871: German Empire , Kingdom of Prussia, Province of Hesse-Nassau, District of Wiesbaden, District of Biedenkopf
- from 1918: German Empire, Free State of Prussia , Province of Hessen-Nassau, Administrative Region of Wiesbaden, District of Biedenkopf
- from 1932: German Reich, Free State of Prussia, Province of Hessen-Nassau, Administrative Region of Wiesbaden, District of Dillenburg
- from 1933: German Empire, Free State of Prussia, Province of Hessen-Nassau, Administrative Region of Wiesbaden, District of Biedenkopf
- from 1944: German Empire, Free State of Prussia, Nassau Province , Biedenkopf District
- from 1945: American occupation zone , Greater Hesse , Wiesbaden administrative district, Biedenkopf district
- from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Wiesbaden district, Biedenkopf district
- from 1968: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt district, Biedenkopf district
- 1974: Federal Republic of Germany, Land Hessen, Kassel , Marburg-Biedenkopf
- On July 1, 1974 Elmshausen was incorporated as a district of the newly formed community Dautphetal.
- from 1981: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Gießen district, Marburg-Biedenkopf district
population
Population development
For the year 1577, 20 households are recorded in Elmshausen, so a little over 100 people are likely to have lived there. There are no verifiable figures for the following centuries. In 1834 the population of Elmshausen is given as 151. Thus the number of inhabitants did not change significantly in almost 250 years. This remained so in the following decades, 140 inhabitants were counted in 1885 and 167 in 1939. There was a significant increase in the years after the Second World War. Due to the influx of refugees from Eastern European areas, the number rose to 223 in 1946 and 273 in 1956. In the years that followed, the number of inhabitants rose to 321 today.
Occupied population figures up to 1967 are:
• 1577: | 20 house seats |
• 1630: | 4 house seats (1 three-horse, 3 two-horse farm workers) |
• 1677: | 1 suitor, 6 house grounds, 1 widow, 5 single persons. |
• 1742: | 4 households |
Elmshausen: Population from 1830 to 2017 | ||||
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year | Residents | |||
1830 | 140 | |||
1834 | 151 | |||
1840 | 154 | |||
1846 | 156 | |||
1852 | 143 | |||
1858 | 157 | |||
1864 | 140 | |||
1871 | 129 | |||
1875 | 152 | |||
1885 | 140 | |||
1895 | 125 | |||
1905 | 120 | |||
1910 | 128 | |||
1925 | 133 | |||
1939 | 167 | |||
1946 | 223 | |||
1950 | 225 | |||
1956 | 273 | |||
1961 | 295 | |||
1967 | 274 | |||
2007 | 366 | |||
2012 | 335 | |||
2016 | 326 | |||
2017 | 324 | |||
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 1791 :; after 2000: Dautphetal community ( web archive ) |
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
• 1830: | Mennonites . | 93 Protestant, 21 Jewish residents, 18
• 1885: | 130 Protestant, no Catholic, 10 Jewish residents |
• 1961: | 242 Protestant (= 82.03%), 53 Roman Catholic (= 17.97%) residents |
Gainful employment
Source: Historical local dictionary
• 1961: | Labor force: 54 agriculture and forestry, 77 manufacturing, 7 trade and transport, 2 services and other. |
Religions
Elmshausen belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Buchenau with Elmshausen. Due to the historical importance of the landlords from Elmshausen, the right of patronage remains with the Ohm-Winter family to this day. It was their ancestors who had the chapel built in Elmshausen, and in 1895 it was completely renovated and consecrated. The service takes place here every two weeks.
politics
Only a few mayors of the Elmshausen community have survived from earlier times. Carl Dietrich Schwam was elected to this office in 1895 and Andreas Damm in 1907. The last mayor of the community was Heinrich Diehl.
With the community reform, a local advisory council was installed in Elmshausen, which consists of three people and is elected every five years. This in turn elects the mayor for the duration of the local council's term of office. Heinrich Diehl was mayor for the longest time, namely from 1974 to 2001, and Herbert Kreiner (ELE) since 2001.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was awarded in 1962.
Blazon : Three black diagonal bars in gold, of which the middle one is covered with three little silver spur wheels .
Culture and sights
societies
Social life in Elmshausen is particularly supported by various associations. There is the volunteer fire brigade, which was founded in 1932, with its own youth and children's department. There is also a boys 'and girls' association founded in 1997 , the Grenzgangsgesellschaft Elmshausen, which takes part in the border crossing in Buchenau every seven years , the bird and nature conservation association and the Elmshausen riding club based in the manor.
Regular events
- NDW & Schlager Party (first weekend in May)
- Bridge Festival
- May fire (on April 30th)
- Open day of the volunteer fire brigade
- Roast potatoes at the refuge (October 3rd)
Townscape
The historic town center has a random floor plan and a loose homestead arrangement. This is located around an estate with a manor house. The buildings in the east and north of the settlement were built after the Second World War and make up the largest part of the built-up area.
Economy and Infrastructure
Public facilities
In the village there is a children's playground, a football field, a festival area, a fire station, the community center and a refuge.
traffic
District road 22 leads to Elmshausen, which leads to federal road 62 . There is still a bus connection with line 481, which runs between Marburg and Biedenkopf and connects places in the hinterland. There is a connection to the Upper Lahn Valley Railway , which runs from Marburg to Erndtebrück , via Buchenau train station , which is 1.5 kilometers away .
Web links
- Elmshausen district on the Dautphetal community website.
- Elmshausen, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature about Elmshausen in the Hessian Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Elmshausen, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ "Population figures of the municipality of Dautphetal" on the website of the municipality of Dautphetal, accessed on March 28, 2018
- ^ On the Jewish history in Elmshausen and Buchenau on Alemannia Judaica.
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 20 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 350 f .
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ↑ The affiliation of the Biedenkopf office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
- ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6d) ( online at google books ).
- ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape 22 . Weimar 1821, p. 415 ( online at Google Books ).
- ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p. 185, 265 ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
- ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Elmshausen in the district of Biedenkopf, administrative district of Wiesbaden from September 10, 1962 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1962 No. 38 , p. 1266 , point 1017 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).