Ernst von Schuch

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Ernst Edler von Schuch , born Ernest Gottfried Schuch, (born November 23, 1846 in Graz ; † May 10, 1914 in Niederlößnitz in Saxony) was an Austro-Saxon conductor who served as general music director of the Dresden Court Opera and through his collaboration with Richard Strauss became famous as his “personal conductor”. The forty years of his work in Dresden (1872–1914) are received as the Schuch era .

Ernst von Schuch, 1902, with the Albrechts Order

Life

Schuch was the son of a senior official. After graduating from high school, he studied law in Graz and continued to make music as he had done since childhood (violin, piano). He headed the Academic Music Association and was a student of the conductor Eduard Stolz. Then he enrolled in Vienna and became a student of Felix Otto Dessoff . In 1867, after his intermediate legal examination, he began as Kapellmeister with Theodor Lobe in Breslau . This was followed by engagements in Würzburg (1868–1870), Graz (1870/1871) and Basel, before he joined Count Julius von Platen as music director for the Italian opera in Dresden in 1872 after a sensational concert tour under Bernhard Pollini (1838–1897) the court opera was engaged. There he became Royal Kapellmeister next to Julius Rietz in 1873 , and later next to Franz Wüllner . In 1879 he rose to head the Royal Chapel . In 1882 he took over the management of the court opera as a councilor, which enabled him to have a decisive influence on the program design and the further development of the chapel itself. In 1889 he was appointed general music director. The one-act opera "Marga" Pitt Richs including with the Heiduckenlied "In fearful gorge on a high hem" for singers with baritone voice was listed under Schuch 1894th

In 1898 Schuch was raised to the hereditary nobility by the Austrian Emperor and in 1899 he was appointed Saxon Privy Councilor. In the same year 1899 he received the Saxon nobility recognition. His work went down in opera history as the Schuch era .

In addition to guest tours in Berlin, Munich, Vienna and Paris, he remained connected to Dresden until his death and turned down some tempting offers to other important houses, including the Richard Wagner Festival Theater in Bayreuth . Schuch made Dresden one of the leading music stages in Europe, expanded the Sächsische Staatskapelle into one of the largest in the world and created an ensemble with a worldwide reputation. With this he cultivated on the one hand the repertoire of his predecessor Richard Wagner , whom he admired and whose work he opened up to the Dresden public in its entirety. He also presented the work of contemporary Italian opera composers to the public, supplemented by works from the Slavic cultural area. As a pianist, Schuch accompanied the so-called dream dancer Magdeleine Guipet in the Dresden Schauspielhaus in 1905 , who had herself put under hypnosis before her performance. On this and several other occasions in the 1900s, Karl May and his wife were invited to or together with the Schuchs to music events in Dresden.

Of his many world premieres, the premieres of Richard Strauss ' Feuersnot (1901), Salome (1905), Elektra (1909), Rosenkavalier (1911) as well as German premieres of Puccini and Mascagni are particularly well received. Schuch was also valued as a concert conductor and, as such, was particularly committed to orchestral works by Felix Draeseke , Strauss and Gustav Mahler , many of whom he premiered in Dresden between 1897 and 1914.

Map of the Niederlössnitz corridor to expand the Villa Favorita , 1888 (signed by Ernst Schuch)
Villa Schuch ( Schuchstrasse 15/17, Radebeul ), 2010

From 1875 Schuch was married to the coloratura soprano Clementine von Schuch-Proska (1850–1932). After Schuch had rented a summer apartment in Lößnitz from 1880 onwards, he took up his summer residence in Niederlößnitz in 1882 , on Weintraubenstrasse directly north of the Goldene Weintraube inn (today the headquarters of the Saxony State Theater ). The following year, 1883, the street was renamed Schuchstrasse at his request. There at today's address No. 15/17 there was originally a rather smaller house, which the master builder Moritz Ziller had built in 1866 (or 1876/77) as a Swiss- style country house for the owner of the Goldene Weintraube and which was expanded several times for Schuch in the following years had to be and from 1897 served as a year-round apartment. Schuch himself called the house, whose current owners Villa Schuch wrote on the gable, Villa Favorita (then address Schuchstraße 11). His daughter Liesel von Schuch (1891–1990) was born there in 1891 as the youngest of five children who, like her mother, became a successful coloratura soprano. Liesel's older sister Käthe (1885–1973; also married Ullmann and Schmidt) also started a career as a singer. Brother Hans (1886–1963) became a well-known cellist. His daughter Clementine von Schuch (1921-2014) again became an opera singer. Schuch ran a hospitable house there, in which "probably all the well-known musicians and theater people of his time were welcomed with pleasure and without formality." He liked to go on long walks through the Loessnitz with them .

For many years Schuch traveled by train from the nearby Weintraube station to work. A special train was set up especially for him, popularly known as the "Schuch train", which ran at rehearsal times.

Grave of Ernst and Clementine von Schuch in the Radebeul-West cemetery

Schuch died shortly after the first performance of Wagner's Parsifal in Dresden . He was buried on May 14, 1914 in the Kötzschenbroda cemetery to the sounds of Wagner's funeral march from the opera Götterdämmerung . He lies there with his wife Clementine, who was buried next to him in 1932. Her daughter Liesel's grave is also nearby. His successor as chief conductor of the Sächsische Staatskapelle was Fritz Reiner (1888–1963).

World premieres (excerpt)

Schuch conducted 122 or 123 first and world premieres in Dresden , including:

Awards and honors

Coat of arms for Ernst von Schuch and family
Ernst von Schuch, around 1900, in court robe

In the course of his work, Schuch received numerous domestic and foreign awards and honors, some of the medals at different levels.

In 1898, Schuch was an Austrian citizen by Emperor Franz Joseph I. ennobled . The hereditary title of nobility, also valid for his family, was Edler von , and there was also a coat of arms. At the beginning of 1899, Schuch received confirmation from the Saxon court to use his title of nobility. In April of that year he was appointed Privy Councilor 3rd Class. In 1907 he was raised to rank 18c of the 2nd class in the court ranking , which allowed him to sit at the royal table himself (place no. 23).

medal

Honors

Artist family

The parents Ernst and Clementine von Schuch were followed by two more generations of musically gifted descendants:

The three granddaughters Clementine von Schuch, Brigitte Bela (daughter of Käthe von Schuch-Schmidt) and Sabine Lämmel established the Ernst Edler von Schuch Family Foundation in 2011 under the auspices of the Dresden City Museum , which handed over the heirlooms of their important grandparents from their creative days to the Dresden City Museum. This family foundation is not only intended to document the past, but also supports young musical talent.

literature

  • Adolph Kohut : The Dresden Court Theater in the Present . E. Pierson's Publishing House. Dresden & Leipzig 1888, p. 386 ff., ( Digitized ).
  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Hella Bartnig: The development of opera in Dresden after the death of Ernst von Schuch - process of renewal or survival strategy? In: Dresden and advanced music in the 20th century. Part I: 1900-1933. Edited by Matthias Herrmann and Hanns-Werner Heister, Laaber 1999, pp. 231–236 ( Musik in Dresden 4), ISBN 3-89007-346-8 .
  • Gerhard M. Dienes (Ed.): "With me ..." Ernst von Schuch (1846–1914). A Grazer as General Music Director in Dresden. Catalog for the 1999 exhibition. Stadtmuseum Graz, Graz 1999, ISBN 3-9007-6420-4 .
  • Erika Eschebach , Andrea Rudolph, Dresden City Museum (ed.): The Schuchs. A family of artists in Dresden , Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2014. ISBN 978-3-95498-098-7 .
  • O. Hafner:  Schuch Ernst (aka Ernest) Gottfried von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 11, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7001-2803-7 , p. 281.
  • Gabriella Hanke Knaus:  Schuch, Ernst Edler von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , p. 619 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • E. Krause: Richard Strauss, Ernst von Schuch and Dresden. In: Blätter der Staatstheater Dresden, 1963/64.
  • Paul Sakolowski: Ernst von Schuch. (= Modern musicians). H. Seemann Nachf., Leipzig 1901.
  • Friedrich von Schuch: Richard Strauss, Ernst von Schuch and Dresden's Opera. Breitkopf & Härtel Musikverlag, Leipzig 1953.
  • Richard Strauss / Ernst von Schuch: Richard Strauss - Ernst von Schuch. An exchange of letters. Edited by Gabriella Hanke Knaus. (= Publications of the Richard Strauss Society; Volume 16). Henschel-Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-89487-329-9 .
  • Richard Strauss in Dresden and the Schuch era . Dresdner Hefte, issue 118 (2014). Edited by the Dresdner Geschichtsverein eV, general editor Peter Lühr. Dresden 2014, ISBN 978-3-944019-07-9

Web links

Commons : Ernst von Schuch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Frank Andert: Ernst von Schuch - the court conductor in the Lößnitz. In: Radebeuler Official Journal 03/2014 , p. 1.
  2. ^ Hugo Riemanns Musik-Lexikon . Eighth completely revised edition, Berlin / Leipzig 1916, p. 855, keyword: "Pittrich, George Washington"; DNB 974801100
  3. ↑ O. Hafner:  Schuch Ernst (aka Ernest) Gottfried von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 11, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7001-2803-7 , p. 281.
  4. ↑ Ernst von Schuch in the Karl May Wiki.
  5. ↑ a b c Gabriella Hanke Knaus:  Schuch, Ernst Edler von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , p. 619 f. ( Digitized version ).
  6. ↑ Erika Eschebach (ed.), Andrea Rudolph (ed.): Die Schuchs. A family of artists in Dresden. Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2014, ISBN 978-3-95498-098-7 , p. 37.
  7. ^ Clementine von Schuch-Proska at Operissimo  on the basis of the Great Singer LexiconTemplate: Operissimo / maintenance / use of parameter 2
  8. ^ Friedrich von Schuch: Richard Strauss, Ernst von Schuch and Dresden's Opera. Breitkopf & Härtel Musikverlag, Leipzig 1953.
  9. ↑ Gert Morzinek: Historical forays with Gert Morzinek. The collected works from 5 years "StadtSpiegel" . premium Verlag, Großenhain 2007, p. 236 ff.
  10. ^ The Schuchs - a family of artists in Dresden. Announcement of the exhibition by the City Museum (May 10 to September 28, 2014).
  11. ↑ Erika Eschebach (ed.), Andrea Rudolph (ed.): Die Schuchs. A family of artists in Dresden. Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2014, ISBN 978-3-95498-098-7 , p. 78 f.
  12. ↑ a b Address book for Dresden and its suburbs (1914), p. 912. ( Memento of the original from May 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / digital.slub-dresden.de
  13. ↑ An ivory baton for the city museum. With the estate of court conductor Ernst Edel von Schuch, the city museum is writing a new chapter in music history. , accessed July 11, 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Schuch, Ernst von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schuch, Ernst Edler von (full name); Schuch, Ernest Gottfried (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-Saxon conductor
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1914
Place of death Niederloessnitz