Friedrich Hollaender

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Blandine Ebinger and Friedrich Hollaender

Friedrich Hollaender (born October 18, 1896 in London , † January 18, 1976 in Munich ), also known as Frederick Hollander - after his name in American exile - was a German revue and sound film composer , cabaret artist and music poet.

biography

Berlin memorial plaque on house Cicerostraße 14 in Berlin-Halensee

Friedrich Hollaender was born in London. His father was the then well-known operetta composer Victor Hollaender . His mother Rosa Perl was a revue singer in the circus . His paternal grandfather loved music and theater and encouraged his three sons (Friedrich's father and his brothers) accordingly. Felix and Gustav Hollaender , Friedrich's two uncles, both held important positions in Berlin's cultural and musical life: Felix as dramaturge for Max Reinhardt and Gustav as director of the Stern Conservatory . Friedrich was the only child of his parents.

At the turn of the 20th century, the Hollaender family moved to Berlin , where they originally came from. Victor worked there at the Metropol-Theater on Nollendorfplatz .

Even as a child Hollaender improvised on father's piano . He became a master student at the Stern Conservatory with Engelbert Humperdinck . In his youth he often played the piano in the silent movie theater on the corner. He evidently mastered the improvisation of previously unseen films perfectly.

In 1914 and 1915 Friedrich Hollaender was in New York and Prague . Later he was spared the war in that he was supposed to lead the orchestra in a front theater on the western front through family ties (Uncle Felix) . This phase may have been a break in Hollaender's artistic life, from then on entertainment mingled with serious music.

After the First World War , Hollaender met like-minded people like Kurt Tucholsky , Klabund , Walter Mehring , Mischa Spoliansky , Joachim Ringelnatz and the young actress Blandine Ebinger to found a cabaret . It entered the smoke and mirrors in the basement of Max Reinhardt 's Grand Playhouse on. The building stood on the Zirkusplatz, Friedrichstrasse at the corner of Schiffbauerdamm , was used as the Friedrichstadt-Palast after the war and was demolished in the 1980s because it was dilapidated . Reinhardt himself initiated this cabaret, but soon handed over the management to Hans von Wolhaben . Blandine Ebinger and Hollaender married, their daughter is called Philine (* 1925). She was the first wife of the (then unknown) future cabaret artist Georg Kreisler , with whom she has a son.

In the 1920s, Hollaender became a fixture in Berlin's cultural scene. He has worked at various cabaret theaters (including Trude Hesterberg's Wilde Bühne), composes and texted songs and accompanied Blandine and others such as Grete Mosheim on the piano. He later wrote reviews , including for Rudolf Nelson . In Charlottenburg he opened his own stage, the Tingel-Tangel-Theater .

In addition to the Tingel-Tangel, which Hollaender ran together with Georg H. Will , the brother-in-law of the film actress Marlene Dietrich , he also set films to music. One of the highlights of his work was certainly The Blue Angel , whose melody from head to toe is still a household name today; Stefan Weintraub's Syncopators, with whom he had previously played as a pianist , also appeared in this film .

In 1933 Hollaender had to leave Germany because of his Jewish descent; two years earlier he had ridiculed anti-Semitism as absurd (cabaret song : The Jews are to blame for everything on the tune of the Habanera from Bizet's Carmen ). His path led him first to Paris with his second wife Hedi Schoop . There he stayed for about a year in the large German émigré community. In 1934 he moved to Hollywood . There he first opened the American edition of his Tingel-Tangel Theater . Later he came back to film, who was suffering financial hardship these days. There he initially directed and later began to play music again. His first book Those Torn from Earth was published in 1941.

After the war, Friedrich Hollaender stayed in the USA until 1955 . In Munich , where he then settled, he began again with cabaret. After the failed revue Scherzo , he wrote revues for the theater Die Kleine Freiheit in Munich. But the time of great cabaret was over. He had a cameo appearance in 1961 in the film Eins, Zwei, Drei by Billy Wilder as the conductor of a hotel band. In 1960 he was awarded the Cross of Merit 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany, in 1965 he received the Gold Film Ribbon for many years of outstanding work in German film, and in 1972 the Schwabing Art Prize .

Little is known about his artistic work after the publication of his autobiography Von Kopf bis Fuß in 1965; a few books have appeared, all of which are out of print. Friedrich Hollaender was married to Leza Hay (daughter: Melodie, * 1944) for the third time from 1944 and to Berthe Jeanne Kreder for the fourth time from 1946.

Friedrich Hollaender was buried in Munich's Ostfriedhof (grave no. 60-1-20). A star in the Cabaret Walk of Fame is dedicated to him. A Berlin memorial plaque was unveiled on June 17, 2009 at the house at Cicerostraße 14 in Berlin-Halensee , which he had to leave in 1933 . In the Berlin district of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf , the former Rankeplatz was renamed Friedrich-Hollaender-Platz on January 18, 2012. Hollaender's estate is in the archive of the Academy of Arts in Berlin.

Works (selection)

Revues, musicals, incidental music

A big success; Don't always look at the tango violinist. Recording with Dajos Béla and Leo Frank alias Leo Monosson
  • 1923: The pious Helene - operetta
  • 1925: The! The! The! - cabaret revue
  • 1926: Talks with hetairians - cabaret revue
  • 1927: With us around the Gedächtniskirche - cabaret revue
  • 1929: I dance around the world with you
  • 1930: Phaea
  • 1931: Spook in the Villa Stern - cabaret revue
  • 1932: The Empress of Newfoundland - pantomime
  • 1932: Höchst Railway - Cabaret Revue
  • 1933: Once upon a time - revue
  • 1956: Scherzo - A game with music
  • 1958: It's done! - cabaret revue

Film music (selection)

Chansons and songs

  • Saying goodbye with music (Text: Robert Gilbert)
  • Oh, put your cheek (smile, Berliner -!) (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The Jews are to blame for everything , from the revue Spuk in the Villa Stern
  • Black Market
  • Blondes are preferred (Text: Marcellus Schiffer)
  • Carmencita (Text: Pol Patt - d. I. Klabund)
  • Circe (for Hanne Wieder )
  • I have to fly there
  • DAFFKE (Text: Marcellus Schiffer)
  • Lady in White (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The penny song
  • That's the heartbeat (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The Song of the Birdie (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The Song of Loyalty (Text: Pol Patt - d. I. Klabund)
  • The night ghost
  • The Tauentzienmädel (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The wounderchild
  • The shooting dog
  • The gentlemen men (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • The hysterical goat
  • The Kinoduse (text: Walter Mehring)
  • The kleptomaniac (oh how upset me!)
  • The new time (Text: Walter Mehring)
  • The emergency brake
  • The Pijetät
  • The Schnapstrine
  • You are the woman ... (Text: Marcellus Schiffer)
  • A kiss is easy ... (song and slow fox from the farce "I dance around the world with you") (Text: Marcellus Schiffer)
  • A Chinese grotesque
  • A little longing
  • Memory of the stage (Kurt Tucholsky)
  • Don't always look at the tango violinist
  • Hawa-i (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • I dangle with the beds
  • I'm the dashing Lola (film: the blue angel)
  • I'm ready for love from head to toe (film: The Blue Angel)
  • I'll have my body painted black
  • I dance around the world with you
  • I don't know who I belong to
  • Always around the advertising pillar (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • Johnny, when it's your birthday
  • Nobody knows how I am only you! (Song and English Waltz from the comedy "Nina")
  • Children, tonight, I'll choose something (film: The Blue Angel)
  • Let me be your Carmen (Film: Burglar)
  • Mady Foxtrot (Pol Patt - d. I. Klabund)
  • modern times
  • Marianka (Pol Patt - d. I. Klabund)
  • Wet or dry?
  • Beware of blonde women (film: the blue angel)
  • Just you and me (Marcellus Schiffer)
  • Rag 1920 (Pol Patt - d. I. Klabund)
  • Lovely
  • Oh moon
  • Red Melody (Text: Kurt Tucholsky)
  • Sex appeal (Marcellus Schiffer)
  • Dawn of mockery
  • A lady's sigh on a turbulent night (Kurt Tucholsky)
  • Stroganoff
  • This is the moment
  • Just don't step on my shoes
  • When the old engine runs again ... (Kurt Tucholsky)
  • When the moon, when the moon (Kurt Tucholsky)
  • If I could wish for something
  • When I'm dead
  • How could I have lived without you (Film: Me and the Empress)
  • Wiener Schmarrn / rat poison
  • Take off your clothes, Petronella (Kurt Tucholsky)
  • For the first time (Kurt Tucholsky)

Recordings collections

  • Friedrich Hollaender: With us around the Memorial Church ... , CD (contains, among other things, an interview with FH) with booklet, "Edition Berliner Musenkinder" in Duo-phon-Musikverlag, Berlin 1996, 01 26 3
  • Friedrich Hollaender, Blandine Ebinger: Vaführ mirers nicht , 2CD with booklet, co-production of Edition Ebinger, Berlin, Rainer Bertam, Munich & Peter Schulze Radio Bremen, 1996; Distributed by BMG, Aris 743 21 38226 2
  • Friedrich Hollaender: If I could wish for something , 8 CDs with a 168-page booklet in a box, Bear Family Records, Vollersode 1996, BCD 16 009 HK
  • Friedrich Hollaender: ... I am tuned to music from head to toe , 4 CDs with a 20-page booklet, Membran Music Ltd., 2005; Distributed by Grosser and Stein GmbH, Pforzheim, ISBN 3-86562-044-2

Literary work

  • Those Torn From Earth (As Frederick Hollander). Preface by Thomas Mann . Liveright Press, New York 1941.
  • Songs and chansons for Blandine Ebinger (with drawings by Claus Arnold ). Hermann Klemm Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 1957.
  • From head to toe. My life with text and music . Kindler, Munich 1965, (new edition: Weidle Verlag, Bonn 1996, ISBN 3-931135-17-9 ).
  • Chansons . Blanvalet Verlag , Berlin 1967.
  • Trouble with the echo . RS Schulz, Munich- Percha am Starnberger See 1972.
  • The joke bomb and how to put it . RS Schulz, Munich-Percha am Starnberger See 1972.
  • I died on a Tuesday . RS Schulz, Munich-Percha am Starnberger See 1972.
  • The moon kieks with eenem ooge - Chansons for an old pianola (collected and with an afterword by Helga Bemmann. Illustrated by Erika Baarmann ), Eulenspiegel-Verlag , Berlin 1978
  • Volker Kühn (editor): ... and nothing else !: the Friedrich Hollaender Chanson book . Fackelträger-Verlag, Hanover 1996, ISBN 3-7716-1596-8 .

grades

  • Friedrich-Hollaender-Album , Ufaton-Verlag, Berlin-Munich (undated)
  • From head to toe - Friedrich Holländer , Ufaton-Verlag, Berlin-Munich (no year)
  • The Kurt Tucholsky Chanson Book , Rowohlt Verlag, Reinbek near Hamburg 1983
  • Schall und Rauch - songs and chansons by the Berlin cabaret of the same name from the time after World War I , Mainz 1983
  • Sexappaeal - songs and chansons by FH and Marcellus Schiffer , Schott Music , Mainz 1999
  • Marlene Dietrich sings Friedrich Holländer (with an introduction by Alan Lareau). Edition Dux, Manching 2001, ISBN 978-3-86849-151-7

literature

  • Peter Hahn, Jürgen Stich: Friedenau: History & Stories . Oase Verlag, Badenweiler 2015, ISBN 978-3-88922-107-0 .
  • Volker Kühn u. A. (Editor): Around us around the Memorial Church ...: Friedrich Hollaender and the cabaret of the twenties , archive sheets 3. Foundation Archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-88331-009-3 .
  • Volker Kühn: Twilight of Mockers. From the long death of the great little Friedrich Hollaender . Parthas, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-932529-00-6 .
  • Friedrich Hollaender. In: Karin Ploog: ... When the notes learned to run ... History and stories of popular music up to 1945 - Part one. Norderstedt 2015, ISBN 978-3-7347-4508-9 , pages 390-449.
  • Friedrich Hollaender with his Tingel-Tangel-Theater. In: Karin Ploog: ... When the notes learned to run ... Volume 2: Cabaret-Operetta-Revue-Film-Exil light music until 1945. Norderstedt 2015, ISBN 978-3-7347-5316-9 , pages 295-298 .
  • Kay Less : 'In life, more is taken from you than given ...'. Lexicon of filmmakers who emigrated from Germany and Austria between 1933 and 1945. A general overview. P. 245 ff., ACABUS-Verlag, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86282-049-8
  • Peter Petersen : News about the Hollaenders - with a family chronicle from 1957 by Gabriele Tergit. In: mr-Mitteilungen 90, August 2016, pp. 3–12.

Film documentaries

  • Dawn of mockery. Conversations with Friedrich Hollaender . TV film by Rainer Bertram , 1973

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Hollaender  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heinrich Thies : Fesche Lola, brave Liesel. Marlene Dietrich and her denied sister. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-455-00161-7 , passim; limited preview in Google Book search
  2. ^ Black Market , Friedrich Hollaender. From the film A foreign affair , 1948 , on YouTube
  3. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiBCz9z_pxg
personal data
SURNAME Hollaender, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hollander, Frederick
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer
DATE OF BIRTH October 18, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH London
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1976
Place of death Munich