Alliance 90 / The Greens Hamburg

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Alliance 90 / The Greens Hamburg
Anna Gallina
Anna Gallina 		Alliance 90 - The Greens Logo.svg
Chairperson Anna Gallina
Deputy Martin Bill
Treasurer Karl-Heinz Karch
Manager Julia Hammerschmidt
Establishment date November 30, 1979
Place of foundation Hamburg
Headquarters Burchardstrasse 21
20095 Hamburg
Landtag mandates
33/121
Number of members 2,200 (as of December 31, 2018)
Website hamburg.gruene.de

Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Hamburg is the Hamburg regional association of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen .

From 1984 to 2012 the "Green Alternative List" (abbreviation GAL ) was the regional association of the Greens. In 2012 it was decided to rename it “Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Hamburg”.

history

origin

The first green formations emerged in Hamburg in 1978. On the one hand, the Bunte List (Colorful List ), which was initiated by the Communist Bund (KB) and dominated in terms of organization (but not programmatically), was founded in March, which also includes many non-party activists from the anti-nuclear movement and other new social movements , former SPD members around Holger Strohm (who became the top candidate), who worked in the Hamburg Left, insignificant Maoist KPD and independent left. In addition, a Hamburg branch of the Green List Environmental Protection (GLU) was created, which mainly conservative and “bourgeois” environmentalists joined. There was no collaboration between the Bunter List and the GLU on the occasion of the upcoming election - the Bunte List refused any cooperation with the GLU, as its board of directors also included members of a new-right Solidarist People's Movement (SVB) who invoked Otto Strasser . In the citizenship elections, the Bunte Liste received 3.5% and the GLU 1.0% of the vote; the Bunte Liste moved into the district assembly of Hamburg-Eimsbüttel with two MPs, including Christina Kukielka , who later became MP . The Colorful List as an organization disintegrated in 1979/80 due to the conflicts in KB that the elimination of the Z group led.

The first regional association of the Greens in Hamburg was founded in 1979 and was dominated by members of "Group Z"; However, he was also joined by the small group of Hamburg members of the Action Group of Independent Germans (AUD). In the autumn of 1981, a socialist-oriented alternative list (AL) was formed in the Hanseatic city , in which other parts of the KB, independent leftists and many people from citizens' groups came together. The AL, which has around 650 members, was dominated by former KB members. With a view to the upcoming Hamburg state elections in June 1982, negotiations began fairly quickly between the approx. 500 members of the Greens and the AL, which led to a joint list being drawn up. There was only a separate candidacy for the Greens and AL in the Wandsbek district .

Entry into the citizenry

In the general election in June 1982, the GAL won 7.7% and moved into the state parliament with 9 members, of whom Thomas Ebermann and Thea Bock were best known in public. The time of the so-called Hamburg conditions began , which meant that apart from a grand coalition , only a red-green cooperation was theoretically possible.

There were talks with the SPD about the tolerance of an SPD senate by the GAL, but these were broken off by the SPD after the overthrow of Chancellor Schmidt from Hamburg . On the part of the GAL, the tolerance talks were held with the aim of portraying the SPD as an unprincipled party and making the contradictions between actions and programs of the SPD clear to the public. The SPD, on the other hand, relied on new elections and finally achieved an absolute majority. The GAL lost slightly and reached 6.8% and 8 mandates .

In 1984, after the withdrawal of most of the active KB members, the Alternative List dissolved into the Hamburg State Association of the Greens, which from then on was called the Green Alternative List.

For the general election in November 1986, the GAL - u. a. at the instigation of the GAL politician and later Berlin Senator for Culture Adrienne Goehler - with an all-women list and improved to 10.4% or 13 seats. As in 1982, there was only the alternative of red-green cooperation or the grand coalition, and as in 1982 there were fruitless negotiations, which again resulted in new elections. This time the voters chalked the failure of the formation of a government mainly to the GAL, which slipped in the elections in May 1987 to 7.0%, or 8 seats. The SPD was able to form a coalition with the FDP, which managed to re-enter the citizenry.

In the following years the trench warfare within the party took place between the " Fundis " or " eco-socialists " who had dominated up to that point - leftists who were partially willing to cooperate with the SPD vs. “ Realos ”, who called themselves “reform group” in Hamburg - steadily increasing in the GAL. This led to several splits in 1990 and 1991, including the split-off of the Realo wing as the Green Forum in February 1990 and the resignation of 6 of the 8 members of the GAL parliamentary group in March 1990 after a state members' meeting with 90% of those present Had taken the decision to recognize the GDR and to support the civil rights movement there within the framework of "international solidarity". There was also the transition of individual leftists to the PDS ( Jürgen Reents , Michael Stamm) and the involvement of other people who had left the newly founded, short-lived radical left in the summer of 1990 (Thomas Ebermann, Regula Schmidt-Bott , Christian Schmidt , Rainer Trampert and about 40 others Activists) as well as the establishment of a new, separate alternative list by about 60 leftists around Tay Eich , Gabriele Gottwald and Christina Kukielka in spring 1991. Other leftists such as Ulla Jelpke , but also supporters of realpolitical positions such as Thea Bock (who joined the SPD) and Adrienne Goehler had already left the GAL.

Since the upcoming Mayor elections in June 1991 threatened to fail at the five percent hurdle , the rest of the GAL (now dominated by local politicians from the seven Hamburg districts) decided in spring 1991 to hold talks with the Green Forum about drawing up a joint list to start. These talks were successful, in April 1991 the Green Forum and several of the MPs rejoined the GAL. 7.2% and 9 seats were achieved in the Mayor elections.

In the next few years, the GAL protested sharply against the massive increase in the diets of the MPs proposed by the SPD and CDU. After strong public protests, the citizens finally waived the increase.

In new elections in the fall of 1993 (triggered by a lawsuit against unlawful procedures by the CDU in the preparation of its candidates for the 1991 general election), the GAL doubled to 13.5% or 19 seats. Again there were negotiations about a red-green coalition. They were canceled by the GAL after a few weeks, however, on the grounds that the SPD was not ready to "move" on several planned major projects (port expansion Altenwerder, Elbe deepening, 4th Elbe tunnel tube). With Henning Voscherau as mayor, the SPD then formed a coalition with the STATT party founded by Markus Wegner . At the district level, however, there was a formal red-green cooperation in Hamburg-Nord from 1989 until 2008 . At the beginning of 1994 there was a formal coalition between the traditionally strong GAL parliamentary group (chairman: Olaf Wuttke) and the SPD in Altona ; this alliance lasted until 1997.

Red-green alliance

Krista Sager (2006), second mayor and senator for science and research in the red-green coalition

After further losses by the SPD and the GAL (now 13.9% and 21 seats) in the 1997 mayor elections, a red-green coalition came about in Hamburg. Krista Sager became Senator for Science and Second Mayor.

In mid-1999, the GAL was split off again. As the Greens endorsed the Kosovo war , five members of the parliament and numerous district members left the party and founded the Rainbow - For a New Left , which in the 2001 and 2004 elections achieved results of 1.7% (2001) and 1.1% respectively % (2004) did not get out.

Walk into the opposition

The elections in September 2001 were lost by the red-green coalition. While the SPD was able to increase its share of the vote slightly, the GAL suffered severe losses and slipped to 8.6% or 11 seats, so that Red-Green lost its majority.

In new elections in February 2004 (this time triggered by the collapse of the CDU coalition partner, the Rule of Law Offensive ), the GAL recovered to 12.3% and 17 seats, but remained in the opposition in the state parliament, as this time it was the SPD that gained significantly Lost votes. In some districts, however, the GAL continued to bear political responsibility in various alliances. Once again it was the Altona GAL, which, under their parliamentary group chairman Gesche Boehlich, broke new ground and formed the first black-green coalition in Hamburg; Shortly afterwards, a black-green alliance came about in the Harburg district (parliamentary group leader: Ronald Preuss ).

At the federal level, the GAL provided Krista Sager, one of the two group leaders of the Greens in the German Bundestag, between autumn 2002 and autumn 2005 . In addition, Anja Hajduk , who was also GAL state chairwoman , moved into the Bundestag for Hamburg.

Black-green alliance

Christa Goetsch (2008), second mayor and senator for school, vocational and further training in the black-green coalition

In the 2008 general election, the Hamburg CDU lost an absolute majority of the parliamentary seats. Since the FDP did not move into the citizenship again and the SPD together with the GAL could not achieve a majority due to the entry of the Left Party, the GAL coalition negotiations with the CDU began. Hamburg's First Mayor Ole von Beust had already mentioned an alliance with the GAL as an option in the event of the loss of an absolute majority during the election campaign . After the successful negotiations, the GAL and the CDU formed the state government of Hamburg on May 7th, 2008 and thus the first black-green alliance in a German state. The coalition survived a first ordeal six months after the election, when the GAL Senator for Urban Development and the Environment approved the construction of the Moorburg coal-fired power plant , but the general meeting nevertheless voted to continue the alliance. At a press conference in the Hamburg City Hall on July 18, 2010, Ole von Beust announced his resignation as First Mayor of Hamburg with effect from August 25, 2010. The coalition was continued under his successor Christoph Ahlhaus . On November 28, 2010, the top GAL bodies decided to end the coalition. The next day, the Senators of the Greens received their discharge certificates.

Renewed opposition from 2011 and renaming to Greens

In the 2011 state election , +1.6 percentage points could be achieved. compared to the 2008 result. However, since the SPD provided the Senate with an absolute majority, the Greens were again in opposition with 14 members. Jens Kerstan has been chairman of the parliamentary group since then .

At a party congress of the Green Alternative List on April 21, 2012, it was decided to rename itself Alliance 90 / The Greens. The party chairman Katharina Fegebank argued: " We are no longer a list, but a party ". In addition, newcomers and young members in particular could no longer use the name GAL. 120 of 161 members voted in favor of the change of name. For the time being, only the party name was affected by the name change - the parliamentary group name remained “GAL parliamentary group” until the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the parliamentary group in Hamburg's citizenship on August 18, 2012. Since then, the full name has been "Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen - Bürgererschaftsfraktion Hamburg", with the short form "GREEN parliamentary group Hamburg".

On November 29, 2014, the GRÜNEN prepared their state list for the 2015 mayor elections , which was led by Katharina Fegebank and Jens Kerstan as the top team.

Red-green coalition from 2015

The Greens achieved 12.3% in the 2015 general election (+1.1% compared to 2011 ) and entered into coalition negotiations with the SPD . On April 15, 2015, the red-green Senate Scholz II was sworn in with three green senators: Katharina Fegebank became Senator for Science, Research and Equality , Jens Kerstan became Senator for Environment and Energy and Till Steffen was again Senator for Justice .

After Katharina Fegebank took up her post as senator, she did not run again for the office of state chairman. While a personal union of government office and state chairmanship is excluded by statutes in many green state associations, this is possible in the Hamburg state association. Also Manuel Sarrazin did not run again for the office of deputy.

On May 30, 2015, the following were elected as the new state board: Anna Gallina as state chair , Michael Gwosdz as deputy state chair and Karl-Heinz Karch as state treasurer. Kerstan's successor as parliamentary group leader in the citizenship was Anjes Tjarks .

In addition to the application for the 2024 Summer Olympics , many political observers have stated that the greening of the Elbe and the port and the turnaround in traffic have been recorded in the coalition agreement as important projects of the red-green coalition. When the Elbe deepened , the Greens gave up their resistance, they would follow the judgment of the Federal Administrative Court. For coal power plant Moorburg nothing was detained in the coalition agreement, however, a coal-fired power plant was to replace the somewhat dated Wedel Power Station excluded. The Social Democrats could not be convinced of the green demand to find a political group solution for the group " Lampedusa in Hamburg ". An additional 40 million euros are to be made available for science and compensation for the wage increases paid. In line with the green demand, an additional 10 million euros could also be agreed for improving the care key in day-care centers.

The development of Hamburg into a “bicycle city” is an important project of the green government participation. In the coalition agreement with the SPD, in addition to the establishment of an “alliance for cycling”, it was stipulated “to increase the proportion of cycling in the twenties to 25 percent”. In March 2016, details of the campaign to promote cycling, which should start in 2017, became known.

In the district assembly elections held at the same time as the European elections on May 26, 2019, the Greens won 31.3% across Hamburg, an increase of 13.1 percentage points compared to 2014. They were thus for the first time nationwide and in the four districts of Hamburg-Mitte , Altona , Eimsbüttel and Hamburg-Nord strongest party.

District associations and youth organization

The Hamburg regional association of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen consists of seven district associations:

  • Altona
  • Bergedorf
  • Eimsbüttel
  • Harburg
  • center
  • North
  • Wandsbek

In addition, the Green Youth Hamburg (GJHH) is a party-affiliated youth organization.

Results of the citizenship elections

Citizenship election results
in percent
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
'82
'82
'86
'87
'91
'93
'97
'01
'04
'08
'11
'15
'20
Results of the citizenship elections
year be right % Seats
1978 (a) 43,340 4.5% 0
1982 (June) 73,404 7.7% 9
1982 (December) 70.501 6.8% 8th
1986 99,779 10.4% 13
1987 69,148 7.0% 8th
1991 59,262 7.2% 9
1993 114.263 13.5% 19th
1997 114,776 13.9% 21st
2001 72,771 8.5% 11
2004 101.227 12.3% 17th
2008 74,472 9.6% 12
2011 384.502 (b) 11.2% 14th
2015 431,693 12.3% 15th
2020 980.361 24.2% 33
(a)not as a GAL, but the cumulative result of Bunte Liste and GLU
(b) The new electoral law has been in effect since 2011, according to which every eligible voter has up to five votes for the state lists and up to five for the constituency list

literature

  • Makoto Nishida: Strömungen in den Grünen (1980-2003): An analysis of informally organized groups within the Greens , LIT, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-8258-9174-7
  • Joachim Raschke: The Greens. How they became what they are . Cologne: Bund, 1993, pp. 295–327. ISBN 3-7663-2474-8
  • Jörg Wischermann: Adaptation and resistance. The parliamentary participation of the Green Alternative List Hamburg and its consequences in the first half of the eighties. Frankfurt / M., Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris, Vienna: Lang, 1992 (European university publications, series 31, volume 196). ISBN 3-631-44883-X

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ welt: SPD and CDU lose members. welt, January 21, 2019, accessed January 29, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Michael Steffen: Stories from the Truffle Pig - Politics and Organization of the Communist League 1971 to 1991 , p. 229ff & p. 255.
  3. ↑ Joachim Raschke: The Greens. How they became what they are . Cologne 1993, pp. 295-299
  4. ↑ Michael Steffen: Stories from the Truffle Pig - Politics and Organization of the Communist League 1971 to 1991 , p. 274f
  5. ↑ Joachim Raschke: The Greens. How they became what they are . Cologne 1993, p. 323
  6. ↑ Michael Steffen: Stories from the Truffle Pig - Politics and Organization of the Communist League 1971 to 1991 , p. 275
  7. ↑ Michael Steffen: Stories from the Truffle Pig - Politics and Organization of the Communist League 1971 to 1991 , p. 276
  8. ↑ 30 years of the GAL parliamentary group Hamburg-Nord , PDF, p. 16
  9. ↑ Ole von Beust announces resignation as mayor Spiegel Online , July 18, 2010
  10. ↑ GAL becomes Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen ( Memento of April 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), NDR.de , April 21, 2012
  11. ↑ 30 years of the GAL parliamentary group - now they are called Greens , NDR, accessed on July 25, 2013  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.ndr.de
  12. ↑ Hamburgische Bürgerschaft - GAL parliamentary group ( Memento from February 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), hamburgische-buergerschaft.de May 3, 2012
  13. ^ Greens draw up a list of countries ( memento of December 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on November 29, 2014
  14. ↑ Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein: [1] , accessed on May 30, 2015
  15. ↑ a b Scholz re-elected with a large majority . NDR . April 15, 2015. Archived from the original on April 17, 2015. Retrieved on April 15, 2015.
  16. ^ Gallina new chairwoman of the Hamburg Greens . NDR . May 30, 2015. Archived from the original on May 30, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  17. ↑ Sven-Michael Veit: Beyond the riot. taz .nord, April 15, 2015, accessed on March 23, 2016 .
  18. ↑ Together we create the modern Hamburg, coalition agreement on cooperation in the 21st legislative period of the Hamburg citizenship between the SPD, regional organization Hamburg and Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen, regional association Hamburg. (PDF; 761 kB) April 15, 2015, archived from the original on March 22, 2016 ; accessed on March 16, 2016 .
  19. ↑ Petra Schellen: Hamburg promotes cycling. taz .nord, March 6, 2016, accessed on March 16, 2016 .
  20. ^ "Elections 2019: Greens win in four Hamburg districts" , in: Hamburger Abendblatt from May 28, 2019, accessed on June 9, 2019.
  21. ^ Election results - Hamburg (state election). Retrieved March 23, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Final result of the Hamburg state election in 2011 (PDF file; 220 kB)
  23. ↑ Statistics Office North: Analysis of the state election on February 15, 2015 in Hamburg - preliminary results ( Link ), accessed on February 21, 2015
  24. ↑ Result of the citizenship election 2020. (PDF) In: wahlen-hamburg.de. Retrieved March 23, 2020 .
  25. ↑ Section 3 of the Citizenship Election Act (BüWG) , accessed on February 22, 2015