Grazer Bergland
| Grazer Bergland | ||
|---|---|---|
 Characteristic landscape, alpine pastures and rocks: View from the Tyrnauer Alm to the Rote Wand |
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| Highest peak | Hochlantsch ( 1720 m above sea level ) | |
| location | Styria , Austria | |
| part of | Edge mountains east of the Mur (and Lavanttaler Alps ), Central Alps , Alps | |
| Classification according to | Trimmel 2830 | |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 22 ′ N , 15 ° 25 ′ E | |
| Type | Low mountain range | |
| rock | Limes , dolomites , slates | |
| Age of the rock | Silurian to Carbon | |
The Grazer Bergland is a low mountain range north of the Styrian capital Graz ( Austria ). It is part of the Central Alps and, according to the Alpine Club division of the Eastern Alps, belongs to the marginal mountains east of the Mur . According to geological opinion, areas on the west bank of the Mur, which are clearly demarcated from the structure of the Styrian peripheral mountains , are also part of the Grazer Bergland.
Location and landscape
The Grazer Bergland is a low mountain range in the north of the Styrian hill country and lies mostly east of the Mur .
The core areas of the settlement are the Middle Mur Valley , the Passail Basin , the Semriach Basin to the southwest and the Teichalm region to the north .
Boundary
The Grazer Bergland is limited:
- in the west through the Middle Mur Valley from Mixnitz to the northern city limits of Graz ; according to geological definition, certain parts to the west of the Mur are also part of the Grazer Bergland, especially those that belong to the Graz Paleozoic , such as the Plabutsch-Buchkogel range to the northern edge the Kaiserwald terrace but also the elevations north of the Köflach-Voitsberger basin to the Gradnerbach
- in the north through the Breitenauertal ( Breitenau am Hochlantsch ) and the valley of the Gasenbach
- in the northeast through the upper Feistritztal
In the south and southeast, the Grazer Bergland merges into the Eastern Styrian hill country and the Graz Basin .
Mountains and peaks
The most important peaks are:
- Hochlantsch (1720 m)
- Osser (1548 m)
- Rote Wand (1505 m)
- Schöckl (1445 m)
- Zetz (1274 m)
- Röthelstein (1263 m)
- Gschaidberg (1239 m)
- Hochtrötsch (1239 m)
- Schiffall (1221 m) and Kreuzkogel (1181 m)
- Pleschkogel (1061 m)
- High Rannach (1018 m)
- Plabutsch (754 m)
- Steinkogel (742 m)
- Pfaffenkogel (734 m)
- Generalkogel (713 m)
- Eggenberg (707 m)
- Buchkogel (656 m)
- Hauenstein (650 m)
- Kanzelkogel (615 m)
- Florianiberg (527 m)
geology
Geologically, the Grazer Bergland is usually described with the term Graz Paleozoic . Most of these are marine limestone and dolomite deposits from the Silurian and Devonian mountains 450 to 350 million years ago. The Graz Paleozoic was aptly described by Paschinger as a "foreign body" between the crystalline marginal mountains and the Styrian Neogene Basin . The sediments were shaped by the shifting and folding of several blankets (layers) in the course of the alpine mountain formation . With regard to the sequence of layers, the following three facies areas are decisive.
- The Rannach facies are mainly composed of dolomites and dolomite sandstones . This ceiling is particularly evident around the eponymous Hohe Rannach , on the Pleschkogel-Mühlbacher Kogel and on the Plabutsch-Buchkogel train .
- The Hochlantsch facies are characterized by the locally occurring Hochlantsch limestone. Due to the increased occurrence of corals such as rugosa , this facies is characterized by a distinctive reef formation . It is particularly typical for the areas northwest of Frohnleiten around Hochlantsch , Rote Wand and Röthelstein .
- The Schöcklkalk or clay slate facies consist of striatopore limestone, limestone and clay slate and quartzites . The dominant rock is the very water-soluble Schöckl limestone , named after Graz's local mountain . The main distribution areas are Schöckl , Tanneben , the Weizer Bergland and the area northwest of Köflach .
The limestone in the area in particular offers excellent conditions for karstification , which manifests itself in numerous caves (e.g. Lurgrotte ) or sinkholes .
Economy and tourism
In addition to agriculture, day tourism is the focus of economic activity. Numerous day trippers and hikers from Graz, Eastern Styria and the industrial cities of the Mur - Mürz furrow are looking for food and entertainment in addition to experiencing nature.
The Rechbergsattel is the scene of an automobile hill climb once a year.
Excursion destinations
These peaks are popular hiking destinations that can be reached with numerous paths. There are also some other excursion destinations in the Grazer Bergland area:
- Bärenschützklamm : one of the longest and highest gorges in the Eastern Alps, cut into the mountain between Hochlantsch and Roter Wand.
- Raabklamm : The Raab river, which rises at the foot of the Osser (1548 m) , flows through a gorge only a few dozen meters wide, which is partly bounded by vertical cliffs and partly by steep forest slopes.
- Weizklamm : popular climbing area with numerous caves north of Weiz .
- Lurgrotte : stalactite cave that crosses the mountain between Semriach and Peggau . It can be approached from both sides; It is no longer possible to hike through the entire cave.
- Grasslhöhle and Katerloch : two more stalactite caves in the eastern part
- Rannach Alpine Garden (1955–2005): Now a small, private flower garden in the area of a snack bar with a collection of Alpine plants at the foot of the Hohen Rannach.
- Teichalm - Sommeralm: Together these form the largest contiguous alpine pasture area in the Alps at the eastern foot of the Hochlantsch . In addition to agricultural use, there is a swimming lake and a small ski area here .
Within the area lie the villages of Tulwitz , Passail , Arzberg , Deutschfeistritz and Semriach , which are old mining sites (silver, lead, zinc). The ore deposits were examined in detail, and lignite was also found. The mining industry had its heyday in the 18th and 19th centuries; it was discontinued because it was not suitable for mining. A gallery has been set up as a show mine in Arzberg.
Summit of the Hochlantsch
Climb through the Bärenschützklamm
literature
- Josef Ruckenbauer: The Grazer Bergland. In: Der Gebirgsfreund. Journal of the Oesterreichischen Gebirgsverein , year 1921, No. 3/1921, March 15, 1921 (XXXII. Year), p. 23 ff. (Online at ANNO ). .
- Helmut W. wing : The geology of the Grazer Bergland. Explanations of the geological hiking map of the Grazer Bergland 1: 100,000, published by the Federal Geological Institute, Vienna 1960 . From: Walter Gräf (Red.): Communications from the Department of Geology, Paleontology and Mining at the Landesmuseum Joanneum . Second, revised edition, Graz / Vienna 1975. - Full text online (PDF; 37 MB) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hans Peter Schönlaub : The Paleozoic in Austria. Distribution, stratigraphy, correlation, evolution and paleogeography of non-metamorphic and metamorphic sequences . From: M (artin) E. Schmid (Red.), F (ranz) K (arl) Bauer (Red.): Abhandlungen der Geologische Bundesanstalt in Vienna , Volume 33. Geologische Bundesanstalt (Ed.), Vienna 1979, ISBN 3 -900312-00-1 , pp. 1-124. In it: Das Grazer Bergland , pp. 71–74. - Full text online (PDF; 21 MB) .
- ^ Herbert Paschinger : Styria. Styrian border mountains. Grazer Bergland. Styrian Riedelland. Verlag Gebrüder Borntraeger , Berlin / Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-443-16006-9 , p. 5 ff.
- ↑ Peter Hacker: Karst hydrological investigations in the Weizer Bergland . From: Reports of water management planning . Volume 71. Office of the Styrian Provincial Government, Graz 1991, ZDB -ID 1111661-4 , p. 4. - Full text online (PDF; 6 MB) , accessed on January 28, 2018.
- ↑ Digital Atlas of Styria. Geology & Geotechnics. Office of the Styrian Provincial Government, accessed on February 21, 2016 .
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^ Thomas Ster: The Rannach Alpine Garden . From: Joannea Botanik . No. 5/2006. Landesmuseum Joanneum - Department of Botany, Graz 2006, pp. 9–21. - Full text online (PDF; 0.7 MB) ;
Rannach Alpine Garden Association . - ^ Leopold Weber : The lead-zinc ore deposits of the Graz Palaeozoic and their geological framework. With 192 illustrations and 25 tables . From: Geologische Bundesanstalt, (Hrsg.), Albert Daurer (Red.): Archive for deposit research of the Geologische Bundesanstalt , Volume 12, Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-900312-72-9 . - Full text online (PDF; 29 MB) .