Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese relations

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Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese relations
Location of Portugal and Guinea-Bissau
PortugalPortugal Guinea-BissauGuinea-Bissau
Portugal Guinea-Bissau

The Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese relations describe the intergovernmental relationship between Guinea-Bissau and Portugal . The countries have had direct diplomatic relations since 1974.

The bilateral relationship is shaped by the history of Guinea-Bissau as a Portuguese colony since the 15th century, which ended after the Portuguese colonial war (from 1963) with the country's independence in 1974. To this day, the countries are connected in a variety of ways. a. Founding members of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries . About 17,000 citizens of Guinea-Bissau are registered in Portugal, while about 7,000 Portuguese live in Guinea-Bissau.

Former Portuguese Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho is married to the Guinea-Bissau-born physiotherapist Laura Maria Garcês Ferreira and has a daughter with her.

history

The Gulf of Guinea (1625)

To 1900

The Portuguese explorer Nuno Tristão reached the coast of today's Guinea-Bissau in 1446. Cacheu became a Portuguese trading post in 1588 and a Portuguese colony in 1614, administered from the Cape Verde Islands . In 1753 the Portuguese founded the Bissau colony , also administered from Cape Verde.

In 1692 the Portuguese possessions in what is now Guinea-Bissau were elevated to captaincy . Guinea-Bissau was particularly important as a base for the slave trade until the slave trade was banned in Portugal in 1836.

The area became a direct Portuguese colony of Portuguese Guinea in 1879, with Bolama as the new capital. After the Congo Conference , France and Portugal established the border between their possessions in Guinea in 1886.

Since 1900

Strength of the Portuguese Armed Forces in Guinea-Bissau
(1961–1973)
PAIGC control post (1974)

By 1915, Portugal also extended its control over the hinterland by subjugating the last independent tribes there. The trade, especially in Bissau, which had been ruled by the Germans and the French for some time, finally came completely back under Portuguese control in the 1930s.

In 1941 Bissau was again the capital of Portuguese Guinea, which in 1951 received the newly created status of an overseas province .

The Portuguese overseas provinces were introduced under increasing international pressure on the authoritarian Salazar dictatorship, which continued to cling to the Portuguese colonial empire. Both the overseas province status and the status of the Assimilados for the natives of Portuguese colonies did not ensure actual equality, but were regarded as predominantly cosmetic. As a result, the burgeoning independence movements were organized in the Portuguese colonies. One of the most important germ cells was the student organization Casa dos Estudantes do Império in Lisbon. Also Amílcar Cabral , head of the Guinean independence movement founded in 1956 PAIGC , was among the group of active students there.

After the Portuguese colonial war flared up in 1961 , the PAIGC also took up the armed struggle against Portuguese rule in 1963. General António de Spínola led the Portuguese armed forces in guerrilla warfare . Despite a series of military successes and the death of Amílcar Cabral in early 1973, they never achieved an end to the resistance movement in Guinea-Bissau, which unilaterally declared the country's independence in the provisional capital Madina do Boé on September 24, 1973 .

After the Carnation Revolution on April 25, 1974, the new Portuguese government ended the war in Guinea-Bissau and officially recognized its independence on September 10, 1974. On November 29, 1974, João de Sá Coutinho Sotto Maior became the first Portuguese ambassador to Bissau Service on.

Since then, Portugal has supported the young state in building its institutions. However, in connection with the frequent domestic political crises, such as the civil war in 1998/1999 or the military coup in April 2012 , Portuguese development cooperation also repeatedly came to a standstill.

Relations were temporarily impaired in 2013 when 74 Syrian refugees from Guinea-Bissau who had entered the country with false Turkish passports and who had been refused entry by Guinea-Bissau, were sent on from Bissau to Lisbon on a TAP Air Portugal flight . After the 53 adults and 21 children were registered by the Portuguese Immigration and Borders Authority SEF ( Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras ) and placed in social institutions in Portugal, the authority banned all flights between Bissau and Lisbon in order to allow further illegal immigration to the EU prevent. At the same time, the representative of Guinea-Bissau was appointed to the Portuguese Foreign Ministry , where he was informed of the scope of this serious diplomatic crisis from a Portuguese perspective. The case also caused resentment among Guinea-Bissau citizens in Portugal, both because of the fact that they were no longer able to travel to their home country and because of the inadmissible behavior of officials at Bissau Airport.

diplomacy

The Portuguese Embassy in Bissau

Portugal has an embassy in the capital, Bissau , on Avenida Cidade de Lisboa . There are also no consulates in Portugal.

Guinea-Bissau's embassy in Portugal resides in the Lisbon district of Belém in the Rua de Alcolena number 17. This made a Consulate General in Lisbon, an honorary consulate in Leiria and two consulates in Porto and Espinho .

Twin cities

Despite the comparatively small national territory of Guinea-Bissau and the persistently difficult domestic political situation, there are already 22 city ​​and community friendships with Portuguese communities or are being initiated (as of 2015). They are a sign of the profoundly improved Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese relations at all levels since the partnership realignment of Portuguese foreign policy after the Carnation Revolution in 1974 and the subsequent end of the bloody Portuguese colonial war in Guinea-Bissau.

The first Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese city friendship came in 1983 when the two capitals Bissau and Lisbon .

migration

In 2015, 17,006 people of Guinea-Bissau lived in Portugal, most of them in the district of Lisbon (13,162) and in the district of Setúbal (1,619). The total of their remittances to Guinea-Bissau amounted to 3.15 million euros in 2016 ( 2015 : 3.11 million; 2014 : 3.39 million; 2013 : 2.61 million; 2012 : 2.45 million .; 2010 : 4.84 million; 2005 : 2.63 million; 2000 : 0.83 million).

In 2014, 7,168 Portuguese were consularly registered in Guinea-Bissau. You transferred 2.22 million euros to Portugal in 2016 ( 2015 : 2.64 million; 2014 : 1.61 million; 2013 : 0.53 million; 2012 : 0.25 million; 2010 : 0, 27 million; 2005 : 0.02 million; 2000 : 0.09 million).

economy

Gas station of the Portuguese Galp near Canchungo : Fuels are Portugal's most important export to Guinea-Bissau, and the Galp is also the market leader in Guinea-Bissau

The Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP has an office at the Portuguese Embassy in Bissau.

In 2016, Portugal exported goods and services worth 95.9 million euros to Guinea-Bissau ( 2015 : 80.1 million; 2014 : 68.8 million; 2013 : 77.2 million; 2012 : 81, 9 million). The goods included 36.4% fuel, 20.3% food (of which 12% beer and wine), 9.7% minerals and ores, 8.8% machines and devices and 6.5% agricultural products.

In the same period, Guinea-Bissau delivered goods and services worth EUR 5.0 million to Portugal ( 2015 : 7.0 million; 2014 : 5.6 million; 2013 : 5.8 million; 2012 : 9, 2 million). 36.3% of the goods had machines and devices, 35.1% metal goods, 20.0% optical and precision devices and 5.5% vehicles and vehicle parts (mainly scrap material ), plus 2.4% agricultural ones Products.

For Portuguese foreign trade, Guinea-Bissau was 49th as a buyer and 155th as a supplier. In Guinea-Bissau's foreign trade in goods, Portugal ranked 14th among buyers and 2nd among suppliers.

Culture

The Portuguese cultural institute Instituto Camões is present in Bissau with a language center and two lectureships .

The Portuguese director João Viana shot his short film Tabatô and the feature film A Batalha de Tabatô here , both of which were released in 2013 and screened at a number of international film festivals . a. at the Berlinale 2013 in the categories Forum (International Forum of Young Films) and Berlinale Shorts (short films).

Sports

Soccer

Éder (right) in the Portuguese jersey at the Euro 2016, in a duel with Italy's Andrea Ranocchia

Football is the most popular sport in both countries. As a result of the centuries of Portuguese presence, football in Guinea-Bissau is strongly influenced by Portuguese football . Football fans in Guinea-Bissau follow the events of the Portuguese Primeira Liga on a daily basis, and Bissau's top division, the Campeonato Nacional da Guiné-Bissau , is dominated by branches of Portuguese clubs such as Sporting Lisbon and Benfica Lisbon , in particular the two record champions Sporting Clube de Bissau and Sport Bissau e Benfica are worth mentioning.

Players from Guinea-Bissau also play very often in Portugal and often take on Portuguese citizenship. The best- known example is probably Éder , who, as the Portuguese international , scored Portugal's first European Championship win against France in the 2016 European Championship final .

Further examples of Guinea-Bissau players in Portugal's national team are Agostinho Cá , Yannick Djaló and Edgar Ié , while players such as Almami Moreira , Amido Baldé , Leocísio Sami , Toni Silva or Cícero Semedo , who was born in Seia in Portugal, also played for Portugal but compete for the selection of Guinea-Bissau .

The Portuguese Carlos Manuel was national coach of Guinea-Bissau for several years.

The Guinea-Bissau national soccer team and the Portuguese national team have not yet played against each other (as of February 2017).

Other

Track and field athletes and other athletes from Guinea-Bissau often go to Portugal to compete in clubs there.

Both countries have so far participated in all Jogos da Lusofonia , the games of the Portuguese-speaking world .

Web links

Commons : Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese Relations  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Overview of diplomatic relations between Portugal and Guinea-Bissau , diplomatic institute in the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs , accessed on May 4, 2019
  2. ↑ Refugiados sírios abalam relações entre Portugal ea Guiné-Bissau - "Syrian refugees shake relations between Portugal and Guinea-Bissau" , article of December 13, 2013 of the Portuguese-speaking Deutsche Welle , accessed on April 1, 2020
  3. ↑ List of Portuguese missions abroad , website of the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, accessed on April 25, 2017
  4. ↑ Guiné-Bissau tem novo consulado em Espinho - "Guinea-Bissau has a new consulate in Espinho" , article from May 16, 2017 in the Portuguese newspaper Diário de Notícias , accessed on January 25, 2018
  5. ↑ List of Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese town twinning at the Association of Portuguese Administrative Districts (ANMP), accessed on May 14, 2020
  6. ↑ Official alien statistics by district , Portuguese Immigration and Border Agency SEF, accessed on April 25, 2017
  7. ↑ a b Website on Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese migration at the Portuguese Scientific Observatório da Emigração (Table A.6), accessed on April 25, 2017
  8. ↑ Website on Guinea-Bissau-Portuguese migration at the Portuguese Scientific Observatório da Emigração (Table A.3), accessed on April 25, 2017
  9. ↑ Website with the data on the AICEP Bissau office , AICEP website, accessed on April 25, 2017
  10. ↑ a b c Bilateral economic relations between Portugal and Guinea-Bissau , Excel file retrieved from the Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP , accessed on April 25, 2017
  11. ↑ Overview of the activities of the Instituto Camões in Guinea-Bissau , accessed on April 25, 2017
  12. ↑ see list of international matches of the Portuguese national soccer team # international match balance sheets