Hermann Jansen (architect)

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Hermann Jansen (1910)
Memorial stone , Faradayweg opposite. 4 in Berlin-Dahlem

Hermann Jansen (born May 28, 1869 in Aachen , † February 20, 1945 in Berlin ) was a German architect , urban planner and university professor .

Live and act

Hermann Jansen was the son of the pastry chef Franz Xavier Jansen, who died in 1871, and his wife Maria Anna Catharina Jansen, nee. Arnoldi. After attending the humanistic Kaiser-Karls-Gymnasium in Aachen, Jansen studied architecture and urban planning at the Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen with Karl Henrici . After completing his studies in 1893, Jansen worked in an architecture office in Aachen. In the architectural competition for the Bismarck Tower in Remscheid in 1897, he submitted a joint design with Friedrich Pützer , which was awarded first prize and executed in a somewhat simplified form 1900–1901.

1897 Jansen moved to Berlin, where he joined after a short spell at the magistrate of the city of Berlin with Ludwig Hoffmann in 1899 with the architect William Mueller independently made. In the same year he made the designs for what would later become known as the Pelzerturm in his hometown of Aachen. In 1903 the publisher Bruno Hessling entrusted him with editing the architecture magazine Der Baumeister , which had been founded the previous year ; he carried out this task until 1929.

In 1908, the city of Berlin and the surrounding cities and municipalities, which were still independent at the time, announced the competition for a basic plan for the development of Greater Berlin , which was recognized beyond Germany , in order to obtain suggestions for the further development of Berlin into a metropolis of 10 million people . On March 19, 1910, the jury awarded two first prizes to Josef Brix and Herman Jansen. His urban design under the motto In the Limits of Possibility contained suggestions for the settlement of the residents, the creation of traffic connections through intersection-free main roads and connected green areas instead of the hitherto common decorative squares. Jansen's plans were partially implemented and can still be found to some extent in the cityscape. In Berlin-Dahlem , his plans led to the mixture of residential and scientific areas there.

In 1918 Jansen was accepted into the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin and its Senate and received the title of professor . On the occasion of his fiftieth birthday gave him the Technical University of Stuttgart as a founder and leader of modern urban architecture , the honorary doctorate . He was a member of the city council at the Prussian Ministry of Public Works . He was a member of the Berlin Architects' Association and the Association of German Architects (BDA).

In 1920 Hermann Jansen was appointed to the Technical University of Charlottenburg as an associate professor for urban design; In 1923 he took over from Felix Genzmer as a full professor for urban planning . In 1930 Jansen was given a chair for urban design at the University of Berlin.

He worked out complete or partial development plans for Bamberg , Berlin (various districts ), Brandenburg , Duisburg - Bissingheim , Emden , Fürth , Goslar , Hagen , Halberstadt , Hameln , Husum , Cologne , Minden , Neisse , Nuremberg , Osnabrück , Prenzlau , Rendsburg , Schleswig , Schweidnitz , Schwerin , Wiesbaden and many other, also smaller cities. Jansen also planned for cities abroad such as Bergen, Łódź , Preßburg and Riga . In Madrid he was involved in the plans to extend the Paseo de la Castellana to Chamartín .

Hermann Jansen's grave of honor in the Heerstrasse cemetery in Berlin-Westend

In 1929, Hermann Jansen won the competition for the redesign of the Turkish capital Ankara , which was limited to leading urban developers in Germany and France ; The transport scientist Otto Blum from the Technical University of Hanover was involved in this planning . In Ankara, as in plans for other Turkish cities (including İzmit / Nicomedia , Izmir , Adana , Tarsus and Mersin ), Jansen integrated the city area into the surrounding landscape and tried to preserve the historic building fabric as part of the renovation.

Jansen also acted as a judge in competitions and as a reviewer.

"Not every single house should work - a curse that weighs on all of our new streets - but always a group."

Hermann Jansen died in Berlin in 1945 at the age of 75. He was buried in the Heerstrasse cemetery in Berlin-Westend . By resolution of the Berlin Senate , the last resting place of Hermann Jansen (grave location: 7-C-20) has been dedicated as an honorary grave of the State of Berlin since 1980 . The dedication was extended in 2001 by the usual period of twenty years.

literature

  • Werner Hegemann : Hermann Jansen, life and work . In: Der Städtebau , Volume 24, 1929, p. 269 ff.
  • Wolfgang Bangert : Jansen, Hermann. In: Academy for spatial research and regional planning (ed.): Concise dictionary of spatial research and spatial planning. 2nd edition, Jänecke, Hannover 1970, volume 2, column 1426-1431.
  • Hans Reuther :  Jansen, Hermann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 340 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Max Guther : On the history of urban planning at German universities. In: Ulrike Pampe (Hrsg.): Heinz Wetzel and the history of urban development at German universities. Stuttgart 1982.
  • Markus Tubbesing: The Greater Berlin Competition 1910. The emergence of a modern discipline of urban planning . Verlag Ernst Wasmuth, Tübingen / Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8030-0781-0 , p. 264 f. (Short biography Hermann Jansen).

Web links

Commons : Hermann Jansen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Figge-Hagen (d. I. City Planning Officer Ewald Figge in Hagen): Hermann Jansen 60 years . In: Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , 68th year 1929, No. 240 (morning edition) of May 28, 1929.
  2. ^ Competition Groß-Berlin 1910. The award-winning designs with explanatory reports. (with a foreword by Hermann Jansen) Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Berlin 1911.
  3. ↑ Mark Tubbesing: The competition Greater Berlin in 1910. The emergence of a modern discipline urban development . Verlag Ernst Wasmuth, Tübingen / Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8030-0781-0 .
  4. ^ Hermann Jansen y el concurso de Madrid de 1929 (PDF)
  5. ^ Success of a German city planner in Turkey. In: Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , 68th year 1929, No. 229 (evening edition) of May 21, 1929
  6. ↑ Development plan for the civil servants 'and workers' colony Streiffeld and Kellersberg near Aachen. (Awarded 1904). In: Der Städtebau , 2nd year 1905, issue 7.
  7. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 488.
  8. ↑ Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (as of November 2018) . (PDF, 413 kB) Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection, p. 40. Accessed on November 12, 2019. Submission - for information - on the recognition and further preservation of graves of well-known and deserving personalities as honorary graves in Berlin . (PDF, 158 kB). Berlin House of Representatives, Printed Paper 14/1607 of November 1, 2001, p. 4. Accessed on November 12, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Jansen, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, urban planner and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH Aachen
DATE OF DEATH February 20, 1945
Place of death Berlin