Bissingheim
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Basic data | |||
Coordinates : | 51 ° 23 '52 " N , 6 ° 48' 24" E | ||
Area : | 0.97 km² | ||
Postal code : | 47279 | ||
Area code : | 0203 | ||
population | |||
Residents : | 3152 (Dec. 31, 2017) | ||
Population density : | 3249 inhabitants / km² | ||
Proportion of foreigners : | 7.68% (242) | ||
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District : | Duisburg-South | ||
District number: | 701 | ||
Incorporation : | August 1, 1929 |
Bissingheim has been a part of Duisburg since 1929 in the Duisburg-Süd district , located on the eastern edge of the district, which until it was incorporated into the Angermund district . The character of Bissingheim as a quiet part of town lined with extensive forests has been preserved to this day. Today, 3,152 people live in the district of just 0.97 km² (as of December 31, 2017).
Naming
The district owes its name to the Governor General of Belgium, Moritz Ferdinand Freiherr von Bissing , who in 1916 donated an unpopulated area on the grounds of Count von Spee . With Hermann Grothe significantly involved , the first apartments were completed in 1918, which were primarily intended for war invalids, survivors of the war and large families. This is how the Rheinisch-Bissingheim settlement came into being, which was settled in 1920. The name Rheinisch-Bissingheim was chosen at the time so that there would be no confusion with the Westfälisch-Bissingheim settlement near Hagen , the construction of which began around the same time, in 1919.
geography
Bissingheim is a district of Duisburg in the Duisburg-Süd district . In the north it borders on the Duisburg city forest , in the east on the Mülheim district of Broich , and in the west on Duisburg-Wedau , where Bissingheim and Wedau are separated from the tracks of the former Wedau marshalling yard .
Bissingheim is located at the foot of the Ellenberg, the lowlands of which were criss-crossed with rivers for centuries . Furthermore, the area was mainly forested with beech and oak trees , with some smaller pine and birch stands in between . Until the autumn of 1814 , a large population of wild horses lived in this forest area, which stretched over a large part of the southwestern Ruhr area from Essen via Mülheim and Duisburg to Ratingen .
The settlement was built on the old Huckingen municipality, on the so-called "Seitenhorst" corridor, after which the settlement was initially named. After the later settlement company received a capital of 1,000,000 marks from a non-profit foundation that was transferred to Freiherr von Bissing, it was forced to name the settlement after the donor, which made Seitenhorst "Bissingheim". In order to avoid confusion with the Westpfälisch-Bissingheim and Märkisch-Bissingheim settlements, the place was renamed Rheinisch-Bissingheim. After the incorporation in 1929, the district was renamed Duisburg-Bissingheim at the urging of the Duisburg city administration ; the old name was retained at the post office until 1964.
history
Bissingheim during and after the Second World War
During the Second World War , all of Duisburg was repeatedly attacked by the Allied troops. Bissingheim also suffered losses during this period. 151 Bissingheimers have been killed or gone missing. Of these 151, 86 were fallen soldiers, 32 homeland victims , 18 missing conscripts , 5 civilians, 1 prisoner of war, 6 soldiers declared dead, 2 civilians declared dead and one Nazi victim. Before this war, Bissingheim was built as a military hospital to help the families of fallen soldiers.
The war left its mark in Bissingheim, as it did everywhere else. There is a memorial that commemorates the fallen. You can also still find bunkers that survived the war and bomb craters in the adjacent forest.
School history
The school, whose history depends on the war, also suffered from the Second World War. At first there was no school in Bissingheim and the children were forced to attend a school in the neighboring district of Wedau. But when the number of students coming from Bissingheim rose to 180 in July 1923, a school was also built in Bissingheim. This school was divided into a Protestant and a Catholic wing. But just eight days after moving to school, many residents had to leave Bissingheim again on the orders of the French occupying forces . Because there were no students, the school stood empty. When the families gradually returned a little later, three classes were created with a total of 118 children. As this number rose to 180, however, cultivation continued. The money for this was provided by Moritz von Bissing , a large landowner after whom Bissingheim is named. The school was therefore called "General von Bissing School" until 1935.
Despite sufficient financial resources, it was not considered necessary to set up an auditorium in the school. To this day, the school, which is now called the “ Hermann-Grothe-Straße Primary School ”, does not have a ballroom. In 1943 it was closed again, and the teachers and their students were brought to the Allgäu to protect them from the war. In the spring of 1944, almost a year later, many returned.
On October 7, 1944, the air raids on Bissingheim and the surrounding area were so strong that the school was closed. The roof structure was destroyed by the artillery fire . But only half a year later it was finally opened and from then on it was no longer unscheduled. The teachers gradually returned from captivity , but many had died. Despite the end of the war, there were still problems.
The care in Bissingheim was poor and many children were often absent from class because they suffered from famine or illnesses resulting from the unsanitary conditions. The Swedish Red Cross tried to deal with these problems as best it could by distributing food regularly. After all the misery, Bissingheim received a great honor: Cardinal Frings visited the church in 1948.
Residential area Bissingheim
Bissingheim was and is one of the most popular residential areas in Duisburg. The settlement is located on the motorway and the train tracks, as well as several local recreation areas nearby, and the houses were initially very cheap to buy. Their location was good, they were big, and most importantly, they were cheap. It was worth moving, especially for railway workers who worked in the nearby repair shop. The Deutsche Reichsbahn , which played a key role in the development of Bissingheim, provided the capital that was initially lacking. She also secured rights that made her the owner of many of the homes she needed for her employees. Therefore Bissingheim is a railway settlement . At the beginning of February 1920 the first houses were ready, by the end of the month there were 132 apartments in 128 houses. The settlement was to be built in an open architectural style, predominantly single-family houses were built.
It should look nice and friendly, and thus offer a high quality of living. Little by little the settlement got bigger and bigger. In 1930, 317 houses with 510 apartments were completed, about four times more than ten years earlier. In the same year, however, 36 non-railroaders were also fired because the railway was claiming the apartments. She needed the houses for her own people. By 1941 the number rose more slowly, but at least to 384 houses with 624 apartments. There were also 12 stores and 42 homes, all of which were single-family homes. In 1955 a wash house with 12 wash cabins was built. These had to be enough for more than 500 families. Today more buildings have been added and the proportion of apartment buildings has increased. In total there are 468 houses with 1,364 apartments, 189 garages, 34 commercial properties (bakery, butcher, pizzeria) and two wash houses, which are still used mainly by the elderly. In 1991 about 3504 people lived in Bissingheim, spread over 1575 households.
Many of the houses that are still standing today still contain the gray plaster from their early days and are therefore under monument protection . But many were also renovated and repaired for the 75th anniversary. The settlement received around 12 million DM, which were used for this purpose. The churches also received a lot of money to get new devices. In addition to the Protestant and Catholic Church, there were other social institutions for youth care with a kindergarten and youth center, a single home , a hall with a gym and assembly room, volunteer fire brigade , a farm that was supposed to support the breeding of small cattle and horticulture. There were also six shops on the market square (village square), two inns, a welfare center and a doctor's house with an office and an operating room including an administration building. To ensure that there was enough space around the houses and to support the open construction, eleven to twelve meters of space was always left between them. This space could then be used as a garden or lawn area.
Despite the injection of funds already mentioned, the houses are in need of renovation. In addition, the Deutsche Annington Immobilien Group sold 364 railroader's apartments in Duisburg in 2002, most of them in Bissingheim.
Development
The Deutsche Annington Immobilien Gruppe (formerly German Annington ) having a majority of the surfaces in Bissingheim, intended to carry out a "densification" of Bissingheim. Numerous individuals fear that this measure will damage the village structure and founded the Pro-Bissingheim citizens' initiative, which has so far successfully fought against the implementation of Vonovia's “master plan”. The city of Duisburg is now holding a workshop / planning workshop with the help of which a new development plan is to be drawn up.
Culture and leisure
Attractions
Although Duisburg creates associations other than nature and green for many people, the south of Duisburg in particular is a long way from concrete and industrial monotony. Bissingheim is surrounded by part of the Broich-Speldorfer forest and the Duisburg city forest , which are accessible to walkers through numerous hiking trails. Together, the two cover an area of about 30 km², which is mostly overgrown by beech and oak trees, but mostly alder and birch trees can be found on the streams . In recent years, however, other, non-indigenous tree species such as the yew have been planted more and more .
In the west of Bissingheim there is also the Blue Lake, which is used as a fishing and swimming lake , but walkers can also use the paths that run around the lake. The lake is a quarry pond that was dug at the beginning of the 20th century to extract sand and gravel for building houses. The local recreation areas Sechs-Seen-Platte and Entenfang are in the immediate vicinity .
Other sights include the listed settlement between the streets Berglehne and Waldlehne , the Catholic parish church of St. Raphael from 1933 and the memorial to commemorate those who died in war on Hermann-Grothe Strasse .
Events
Every year on May 1st, the Bissingheim Association (ABV) sets up the maypole on the village square . At the same time, a festival with performances takes place on the square, and physical well-being is provided.
Every year, at the beginning of November, the St. Martin's procession of the elementary school and kindergartens takes place in memory of St. Martin . The children move through the district with their lanterns, accompanied by members of the volunteer fire brigade, and in the schoolyard there is a celebration of the Martin story.
On the first weekend in Advent, the Bissingheimer Vereine working group organizes a Christmas market in the schoolyard of the elementary school. The associations affiliated to the working group introduce themselves at the market and there are dishes and drinks typical of the season, such as mulled wine and Christmas stollen, and the stalls invite you to buy.
There are always smaller events throughout the year. These include the parish festival of the Catholic parish, neighborhood meetings in the ETuS Bissingheim clubhouse, citizens' breakfasts of the AWO, football tournaments or regulars for the parish.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
At the beginning of its history, Bissingheim's economy was characterized by the railway. One of the largest marshalling yards in Germany was located in the Bissingheim area , to which a railway depot and a repair shop for freight wagons were connected. A large part of the population was employed here, so that Bissingheim is still regarded as a railway settlement today, although the station has now been closed.
Today there are hardly any businesses left, mainly small craft and service companies . These include hairdressers and a tailor (as examples of the craft), a pharmacy, restaurants, retail stores and a post office. A majority of today's residents commute to the centers of the cities of Duisburg or Düsseldorf , as well as the other Ruhr metropolises .
traffic
The federal motorway 3 runs east of the village and runs from Elten to Passau . The Duisburg-Wedau junction is north of Bissingheim. However, Bissingheim is connected to the individual districts via city streets.
To the west of Bissingheim is the now closed marshalling yard Wedau , which at the time also had a depot and a repair shop for freight cars. The Duisburg - Ratingen - Düsseldorf railway , which is used by freight traffic , still runs across the site .
The railway line was also used by local public transport . The regional train line (RB) 37 (Duisburg Hbf - Duisburg-Entenfang), called "Der Wedauer", which had a stop in Bissingheim, ran on the route until December 2019 . Citizens are calling for the western route from Ratingen, which was closed in the 1970s, to be extended back to Düsseldorf. Bissingheim is also served by the bus route 942 (Duisburg-Huckingen - Duisburg-Bissingheim) operated by the Duisburg transport company. From June 2008 to June 2013 bus route 923 (previously Duisburg-Rumeln - Duisburg-Wedau) served the district. This was decided after the timetable on the RB 37 was thinned out. The Wedau between the main station and Entenfang stations was discontinued with the timetable change on December 14, 2019. Bus route 928 has been running from Bissingheim to Duisburg-Winkelhausen and back since June 2013.
Medical supplies
There are currently three medical practices in the village. A doctor for internal medicine and a dentist have settled in Bissingheim , and there is also a specialist practice for general medicine . The “Bissingheimer Apotheke” is also located on the village square. The closest hospital, the Duisburg Clinic on Wedauer Kalkweg, is only five minutes away by car in the neighboring district.
education
A school has existed in Bissingheim since July 11, 1923. At that time, after about two years of planning, a six-class elementary school was inaugurated, the school building of which was used by both the Catholic Church and the Protestant Church. Initially, services were also held, but this situation ended with the dedication of the churches in the mid-1930s. Today the school is run as a primary school , which will also offer a Montessori pedagogy branch from the 2009 school year . There are also two municipal kindergartens in Bissingheim that offer a total of almost 100 places.
There are no secondary schools in town. The closest facilities are the South School Center at Biegerhof with the Mannesmann Gymnasium , the South Realschule and the Bertolt Brecht Vocational College , the South Comprehensive School in Großenbaum, the secondary schools in Ungelsheim and Wanheim, and the St. Hildegardis, Landfermann and Steinbart high schools in downtown.
There used to be a gliding school in town. This was founded in 1929 by Duisburg glider pilots, but their sports facility was located in the Mülheim city area, on the Ellenberg.
literature
- Wedau / Bissingheim Citizens' Association (ed.): 75 years of Bissingheim , Duisburg 2000.
Web links
- Private website for Bissingheim
- Bissingheim website of the Bissingheimer associations
- Description of this sight on the route of industrial culture
- Entry on the monuments list of the city of Duisburg for the Bissigheim railway settlement
- Streets in the district on onlinestreet.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population statistics of the city of Duisburg from December 31, 2017 (PDF; 21 kB)
- ↑ Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (WAZ), local edition Duisburg from November 20, 2007, article "New bus route for Bissingheim"