Homberg (Duisburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Duisburg city arms
Alt-Homberg
District of Duisburg
Coat of arms of Alt-Homberg
map
Map of Alt-Homberg
Basic data
Coordinates : 51 ° 27 '2 "  N , 6 ° 42' 33"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '2 "  N , 6 ° 42' 33"  E
Height : 31.7  m above sea level NN
Area : 7.14  km²
Postal code : 47198
Area code : 02066
population
Residents : 14,977 (Sep 30, 2019)
Population density : 2098 inhabitants / km²
Proportion of foreigners : 10.3% (1541)
Residential building : 3129
Apartments : 7990
structure
District : Homberg / Ruhrort / Baerl
District number: 402
Incorporation : 1st January 1975

Alt-Homberg (mostly locally: Alt-Homberch) is a district on the left bank of the Rhine in the Duisburg district of Homberg / Ruhrort / Baerl . A total of 14,977 inhabitants live in the district (including Haesen and Essenberg ) on an area of ​​7.14 km² . (As of September 30, 2019)

Together with the neighboring district of Hochheide , Alt-Homberg formed the district town of Homberg / Ndrh., Which was part of the district of Moers , until it was incorporated into the city of Duisburg in 1975 . Since the incorporation, Alt-Homberg, together with the neighboring districts of Hochheide and Baerl on the left bank of the Rhine and the Rheinhausen district to the south of Alt-Homberg, form the west of Duisburg . Even today, the Rhine draws a natural border with eastern Duisburg in the life of Duisburg.

geography

location

The Homberg area was previously located on a Rhine ford , which traders from Hellweg use on their journey to the Jakobsweg .

The mean altitude of the city center is 31.7 m above sea level. NN.

Districts

structure

" Rhine orange " with Rhine kilometer sign
Sea wall at Homberg
Plan mill Duisburg-Homberg

The district of Alt-Homberg is located at the Rhine kilometer 780 and consists of the districts shown below.

Alt-Homberg

The district of Alt-Homberg, together with Essenberg, was the starting point for the urban development of the districts on the left bank of the Rhine in the district of Homberg / Ruhrort / Baerl. With schools, formerly many shops in Augustastraße, an outdoor and indoor swimming pool, the town hall and the Maltese hospital St. Johannes-Stift, Alt-Homberg is the center of the district. Around 1900 the first streets were supplied with water, electricity and gas lines. Alt-Homberg still has some of its old small town flair.

Essenberg

The district of Essenberg lies between Alt-Homberg and Rheinhausen-Asterlagen. Essenberg is shaped by Sachtleben Chemie, which is located on the Rhine . In the 1960s, an acid factory was also built in Essenberger Bruch. In 1970 the Neuenkamp Rhine bridge between Essenberg and Neuenkamp was completed, many houses were demolished beforehand.

Navigation on the Rhine had the greatest influence on the development of Essenberg. Ships docked at night so that the boatmen could shop. There were some families of sailors, e.g. B. Falkenburg and Scholl, who practiced this trade for several generations. The language was shaped by the Dutch boatmen. Until the 1960s there were two farmers, five grocery stores, five farms, two broomstick factories, and one turnip factory. There was usually an unpleasant smell of hydrogen sulfide and the sewage from the Rhine, the signals from the ships' fog horns determined the acoustic backdrop.

In Essenberg there was an evangelical uniate church community. This church is now owned by a Ghanaian community. Only after the Second World War were there Catholics here. Today many Turkish immigrants live in Essenberg.

From here there is a beautiful view of the port of Duisburg. Essenberg is a good example of the change in the Ruhr area.

The former war memorial on the Denkmalplatz was moved to the Rhine. The Germania again carries a sword in his hand, but it is not directed more gen France. The former restaurant Hessels am Rhein has been rebuilt and mainly offers fish specialties.

The loading point in Essenberg, which has existed since 1913 at river kilometer 778.1, has served as a Rhine port since 1928 for the shipment of the coal mined by the Diergardt colliery , based in Rheinhausen - Asterlagen . The port facilities were dismantled soon after coal mining stopped in 1967, so that only the quay wall with the arches remained. The harbor basin is now used as a repair yard.

In the Haesen

The district of Haesen has been characterized by single and multi-family houses since the 1960s. Haesen borders on the north of Alt-Homberg. To the west is the Uettelsheimer See , to the north behind a forest is a gasoline depot, a logistics company and the Gerdt district of Baerler , to the east the bank of the Rhine.

history

Surname

The name Homberg originated from the Germanic syllables Hohon and Berka , which means something like "higher on the water, upstream place", and thus formed the counterpart to Berka , today's Rheinberg .

Early history

More than five thousand years ago, travelers moved through the Homberg area and across the Rheinfurt to Hellweg . Up until the 4th century, the Romans secured this crossing from what is now a settlement on the right bank of the Rhine. At the end of the 4th century, Roman rule fell and the Germanic Franks took over .

middle Ages

From the 7th century onwards, the Frankish Carolingians formed the often powerful Hausmeier , with Homberg belonging to the County of Moers . In 855 Homberg was mentioned for the first time as Hohon Berka in the lift register of the Werden ad Ruhr abbey. A close connection with Ascmeri (later Escmeri, now Essenberg) has existed since the 9th century . Four centuries of rule by Spanish, Dutch, French, Croatian and other armed forces followed.

Towards the end of the 13th century there was a breakthrough in the Rhine and separated Homberger Uferwiesen, on which today's Ruhrort, located on the right bank of the Rhine, developed.

In 1571 the Protestant parish of Homberg was founded. In 1587, the Spaniards built the so-called Kamillenschanze on the Rhine in Essenberg , which was razed ten years later by Prince Moritz of Orange . In 1648 the Thirty Years' War ended with the Peace of Westphalia . Robbery and murder as well as the plague and the red dysentery had decimated the population. At the beginning of the 17th century the succession of the County of Moers went to the House of Orange in Haag . Between 1672 and 1683 Homberg was occupied by the French.

Modern times and industrialization

After the inheritance dispute between Prussia and the House of Nassau, Prince Leopold I of Dessau ("Alter Dessauer") succeeded in taking the city of Moers on September 8, 1712, so Prussian influence developed within the framework of the Principality of Moers . In the first half of the 18th century, Essenberg gained importance as a transshipment point for the Lower Rhine salt trade.

From 1756 to 1763 the city, like the other cities in the area, was hit by the Seven Years War . In the second half of the 18th century, trade in Homberg was promoted by the Prussian government.

The hamlet of Hochheide was first mentioned in a document in 1787, before the area was occupied by the French in 1794. In 1795 and 1801 Prussia lost parts of it in the Peace of Basel and finally the entire left bank of the Rhine in the Peace of Luneville . It was not until 1814 that Homberg came under Prussian influence again. When the left bank of the Rhine crossed again as a result of the Congress of Vienna to Prussia (1815), the canton of Moers and Homberg became part of the administrative district of Kleve in the Prussian Rhine province . In administrative terms, Homberg belonged to the Rheinberg district in 1816 , after its dissolution in 1823 to the Geldern district and from 1857 to the newly formed Moers district (until its dissolution on December 31, 1974). From 1819 to 1901 the mayor's office was run in personal union with the mayor's office of Hochemmerich .

From 1851, initially with the sawmill Gebr. Cloos (now Hornitex under Sonae Industrie ) Industrie settled in Homberg, 1854–1856 the Ruhrort – Homberg trajectory with the lifting towers on both banks was built as a river crossing for rail traffic Landmarks of the district. In the same year, the entrepreneur Franz Haniel initiated drilling for coal, which was successful.

In the 1850s, local institutions such as the parish of St. Johannes and the Homberg volunteer fire department were established ; In 1872 coal mining began. The parish opened the St.-Johannis-Stift hospital with 40 beds in 1894 and completed the tower of the St. John's Church in 1903. The Rhine Prussia port was completed in 1906 as an additional transshipment point for the Rhine Prussia colliery .

Finally, on January 1, 1907, Essenberg, Homberg and Hochheide merged into one municipality, and the first Rhine bridge was completed in the same year . On December 9, 1911, the school building on Wilhelmstrasse was opened, which has been the municipal Homberger Gymnasium since April 1957 and bears the name Franz-Haniel-Gymnasium .

Weimar Republic, National Socialism, World Wars

After the First World War , which lasted from 1914 to 1918 , the Red Ruhr Army occupied Homberg after the Kapp Putsch during the March riots in 1920. In 1921, the municipality, which had grown into a considerable industrial location, was granted city rights. That year, on March 8th, the French Infantry Regiment 168 moved into the cities of Duisburg and Düsseldorf because of outstanding reparations . In January 1923, French and Belgian troops began occupying the Ruhr area at the bridgeheads in Homberg and Duisburg. In 1928 a new town hall was built in Homberg.

During the Second World War , which lasted from 1939 to 1945 , the first bombs fell on Hochheide at Pentecost 1940. Allied troops attacked on February 16, 17 and 19, 1945 in the section on the left bank of the Rhine from Homberg to Wesel at the point where there is a historic ford through the Rhine. In 1945, in the final phase of the war, the Rhine bridge was blown up.

Post war history

Aerial photo of Essenberg, 1953
Aerial photo of Alt-Homberg, 1953

After the reconstruction of the bombed city began in 1946, the Friedrich-Ebert-Brücke was restored in 1954 ; In 1960 the town hall was expanded. The mine shafts were backfilled in the same year ; the Malakow tower above shaft 1 was preserved as an industrial monument.

On July 8, 1969, the council decided to demolish the Rhine Prussia settlement and build the White Giants . In 1970 Homberg was connected to the A40 with the Neuenkamp Rhine bridge , and twenty years later to the A42 via the Beeckerwerth -Baerl .

On January 1st, 1975 Homberg was incorporated into the city of Duisburg and since then has formed a district with Baerl and Ruhrort.

On May 3, 1999, the flat roof of the Catholic community center in Duisburg-Homberg collapsed, killing four people and seriously injuring others. In 2001 the Hornitex plants filed for bankruptcy. In 2003 the Rheindeich Stadium opened for VfB Homberg. In the same year, the Modru-X Südflieger route at Düsseldorf International Airport was set up to reduce aircraft noise in Homberg .

In 2004 the Schillerstraße sports field was built on, and the Maltese Order Group took over the St. Johannes Stift. The city administration took the decision to set up the Haesen sports field.

In 2005 the gastronomy area of ​​the culture and leisure center (KFZ) was closed. The opening of the skater track, which was planned for the summer of 2006 - after long political discussions - was postponed to September 2006 due to a lack of structures. The construction of a new fire station also began in that year and the daytime facilities of the Rheinpreußen colliery were demolished. The Glückauf Hall, threatened with closure in 2005 because of the danger of collapse, was given a new fire protection ceiling for stabilization; the teaching pool should be closed, which would have affected five schools. After violent public protests, the company is to be maintained “as long as no major repairs are required”.

In 2007 the construction of a parish house next to the church by the parish of St. Johannes began.

Population development

Homberg / Ndrh. (including Hochheide) had 1974, d. H. before its incorporation to Duisburg, 36,140 inhabitants. For fifteen years, the Homberg / Ruhrort / Baerl district has been losing more than one percent of its population every year , particularly due to the situation in Hochheide , making it the front runner in the wave of emigration in the seven Duisburg districts. Together with the south of Duisburg, Homberg is threatened with aging .

politics

In October 1946, the first free local elections took place in Homberg. Homberg was an SPD stronghold after World War II; in its prime, this party scored over 65 percent. In 2004 a CDU- led coalition found a majority, and in the 2009 elections the SPD was able to regain the majority it had lost at the time.

coat of arms

Homberg coat of arms
Blazon : “In gold (yellow) a narrow black bar; in the left green open quarter a slanting silver (white) wavy bar; in the upper coat of arms a red wall crown with two towers. "
Crest Reason: The February 25, 1924 by the Provincial President of the Rhine Province conferred coat reminiscent of the past, present since the 13th century belonging to the county of Moers , which resulted in a gold shield with a black bar as a coat of arms and later from 1702 to membership in the Rhine province by the inclined wave bar in green, which also symbolizes the location on the Rhine . The top of the wall refers to the two towers of the old Ruhrort – Homberg trajectory , the city's landmark.

Banner Homberg (Ndrh.). Svg 00Banner: "The banner is black and yellow striped lengthways with the coat of arms above the middle."

Architectural monuments

Lifting tower Trajekt Homberg-Ruhrort
Homberg water tower

education

In the Homberg / Ruhrort / Baerl district there is a common range of school types, supplemented by educational offers from the adult education center as well as the RHEIN Schiffer Vocational College and the RHEIN school ship , a boarding and educational facility for inland navigation personnel.

Economy and Infrastructure

Main industries

The inhabitants of the medieval Homberg lived from fishing and trade . At the beginning of the 20th century, mining began with the Rheinpreußen colliery , until the shafts were filled in around 1960.

unemployment

In April 2016, 5893 men and women were unemployed in the west of Duisburg. The unemployment rate was 10.5 percent.

Industrial plants in the district

traffic

former railway port Trajekt Homberg-Ruhrort

Duisburg-Homberg has a motorway junction on federal motorway 40 and one on federal motorway 42 in Baerl .

The city district has four Rhine bridges; in the south the Rhine bridge Neuenkamp for the A 40 to the Neuenkamp district of the same name , the Friedrich-Ebert-Brücke to Ruhrort and further north the Haus-Knipp railway bridge and the Beeckerwerther bridge with the A 42.

The next passenger transport stations are Moers on the Lower Rhine route and Duisburg-Ruhrort at the end of the Oberhausen – Duisburg-Ruhrort railway line . Via the former Duisburg-Ruhrort – Mönchengladbach railway, including the Ruhrort – Homberg trajectory , there was a connection between these two railway lines through Homberg.

For local public transport, Duisburg-Homberg is served by buses from the Duisburger Verkehrsgesellschaft (DVG) and the Niederrheinische Verkehrsbetriebe (NIAG) .

Since the plans for the Rhein-Ruhr urban railway in the 1970s, the plan was to build a tunnel from Ruhrort via Homberg / Hochheide to Moers and thus create a continuous line from Moers via Mülheim to Essen. Like many other light rail projects in the city of Duisburg, this tunnel route has not yet been implemented due to the high costs and the reduced funding from the federal and state governments.

The local transport plan adopted by the City Council of Duisburg in 2017 provides for the Homberg district to be connected to the Duisburg light rail network by 2030 as part of a "jump over the Rhine". The line, under the planning name "Rhein 2", is to join the existing line 901 via a new tram route in Ruhrort and then follow it through the inner city tunnel to the zoo. Shortly before the Zoo / Uni stop, the new line will leave the existing line 901 and take a new tram line to the current "University" bus stop.

leisure

PCC stadium : home of VfB Homberg and the women's team of MSV Duisburg

The extensive local recreation area Uettelsheimer See directly bordering Homberg in the district In den Haesen as well as numerous green areas with old trees throughout the city and streets with broad vegetation borders make Homberg, the city in the countryside, together with the Rhine meadows , a biotope network and invite you to take long walks a. Homberg has a number of restaurants and bars. Cafes are the meeting point for many Turkish citizens, since with a migration background of 27.3 percent of the Homberg population want to keep their ethnic identity.

Since February 2005 the use of the culture and leisure center (KFZ) has been severely restricted due to lack of money. At the beginning of December 2005, Immobilien-Management Duisburg (IMD) - responsible for Glückauf-Halle and KFZ - was facing bankruptcy with a few hundred million euros.
To improve the quality of some children's playgrounds, seven playgrounds were closed due to limited resources. (As of 2005).

Every year on the first weekend in June, thousands of Hombergers and their guests celebrate at the Brunnenfest , the big family-friendly district party, on Augustastraße and around the Homberger Brunnen designed by Carl Brose .

Sports

With the Homberger SV , the once independent city had a football club, which was the Lower Rhine champion in 1930 and German amateurs' runner-up in 1953. In July 1969, VfB Homberg emerged from it through a merger . With the completion of the PCC stadium in 2003, the women's Bundesliga club FCR 2001 Duisburg, previously based in Rumeln-Kaldenhausen, moved to Homberg. At the beginning of 2014, its teams were transferred to the MSV Duisburg as the women's football department. The MSV women and VfB Homberg are currently playing in the Homberg PCC stadium.

In the on-site also popular billiard clubs Bfr exist in Homberg. Hochheide / la bille 1974 eV and the Homberger BC 2005 eV and the 1st PBC Homberg 1979 . In addition to a district and association league team, this has a top division team, which u. a. consists of the German pool runner-up 2013 in the 10 ball area, Andreas Weber, and a former Bundesliga player and third in the German pool table championship 1985 in the 8 ball, Uwe Heiligenhaus.

Other clubs are the Homberger Turnverein from 1878 with many offers, the Homberger Tennisclub Grün Weiß e. V., the basketball community BG Duisburg West, the Duisburg swimming and sports club 09/20 e. V., the rowing club Germania from 1893 e. V. and three canoe clubs KC Homberg-Gerdt, KC Rheintreue Homberg and KC Vater Rhein.

Citizens' associations in Homberg

Citizens' associations in Homberg see the future through citizen engagement .

The Haesen & Gerdt citizens' association (registered association) supports ecological projects. (was dissolved in 2012)

The Homberger Citizens Network (HBN) is a self-help group . With Professor Dieter Oelschlägel from the University of Duisburg / Essen, it carried out a Homberg citizens' survey in summer 2005. According to the theory of social space orientation, an "activating" citizen survey should promote the coexistence of citizens. Together, citizens, universities and politicians develop a cluster from this . This is how a network is created . The Basque city of Bilbao was the model for this .

District blogging is a new concept of the Homberg Citizens Network (HBN) as a local contribution to the information society . A citizens' group around the HBN forum delivers district news beyond print media.

With the subscription sharing concept developed in Homberg, media groups are to be convinced of citizen-oriented reporting. The principle of the reading circle is being rediscovered at the neighborhood level.

Sons and daughters

literature

  • Contemporary witness exchange Duisburg ev: Duisburg-Homberg and -Hochheide , Sutton Verlag Erfurt 2015, ISBN 978-3-95400-544-4 .

Web links

Commons : Duisburg-Homberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. https://www.duisburg.de/vv/medien/dez_i/Duisburg_in_Zahlen_-_19III.xlsx
  2. In large cities in North Rhine-Westphalia , districts form unofficial subdivisions of districts, which in turn are subsets of an urban district .
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 291 .
  4. ^ Hermann Habben: Coat of arms - seals and flags in the district of Moers, Rheinberg 1962
  5. http://www.derwesten.de/staedte/duisburg/west/zahl-der-arbeitslosen-sinkt-aimp-id11779847.html
  6. 3. Local transport plan of the city of Duisburg. P. 129ff. , accessed on January 31, 2019 .