Ibersheim in the Middle Ages

The articles Ibersheim in the Middle Ages and Worms-Ibersheim overlap thematically. Help me to better differentiate or merge the articles (→  instructions ) . To do this, take part in the relevant redundancy discussion . Please remove this module only after the redundancy has been completely processed and do not forget to include the relevant entry on the redundancy discussion page{{ Done | 1 = ~~~~}}to mark. PG 21:44, Aug 26, 2013 (CEST)

Medieval Gaue with old and new course of the Rhine

Ibersheim district around 1800

Ibersheim lance tip around 650

Ibersheim local coat of arms

District

The settlement came after the Frankish conquest by 500. The place name means Home of Iburin or Eburin that there his residence had. The district is bounded by the Rhine in the southeast and by the Seegraben, which curves through the lowland area in the west and north . The island of Ibersheimer Wörth lies between the town and the Rhine .

Early Middle Ages (500-1050)

Archaeological finds

From the time of the first Franconian settlers around 500, a small cemetery was discovered in today's Adolf-Trieb-Strasse in 1956 . The few remaining additions from four graves are kept in the Museum of the City of Worms. Parts of a Franconian pearl necklace were discovered later.

A well-preserved Merovingian lance tip from around 650 was found “In den Hütten” in the 1990s and is kept in a showcase by the finder.

Landowner

Ibersheim, as one of the few places in the area, has 27 donations to the Lorsch Abbey and thus gives a first glimpse into an important history. The donors and witnesses were fully free , partly also country nobles, who owned here. Adolf Trieb , teacher in Ibersheim, dealt intensively with Ibersheim 100 years ago. At that time he still had extensive documents available that are no longer available today. He assumes that around 20 to 25 families lived here in the 8th century and comes to the conclusion that Ibersheim had a community of completely free, independent landowners in the Carolingian era who planted a well-established, fertile area. Landlords are not named.

In the Worms city area, most of the Lorsch donation documents have to be presented: Heppenheim 33, Ibersheim 27, Pfeddersheim 7 and Worms 5 documents.

Willi Alter (1916–2005) was the Worms-born President of the Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science (1981–1998) in Speyer and then an honorary member. In his research he also dealt with the medieval Ibersheim and writes:

• "It is remarkable that a number of important people meet in Ibersheim, including Eburin 770 and 773/774 in the Forms Iburin ." (CL 1483, 1490)
• "Ibersheim turns out to be a meeting place for some people who are of great importance for my combinations."
• Willi Alter ascertains family and social connections between the then landed gentry with Ibersheim property:
  • Sieghardinger with Count Eberhard ∞ Adeltrud (CL 1403, 1478, 1488, 1489). Her son-in-law Werner I (Prefect of the East) gave Rheindürkheimer property (CL 1003).
  • Geroldonen with Egilolf / Agilolf , his son Count Gerold I (CL 1493) and the grandsons Uto / Hutto (CL 1497) and Hildegard (Carolingian) ∞ Charlemagne .

In 1880, from the period after 793, around 30 Carolingian coins were found near the Rhine, which were buried in an emergency hiding place. It is probably the property of a Frisian cloth merchant who was on his way home from Italy to Dorestad ( Wijk bij Duurstede ). The treasure find is now in the museum of the city of Worms. - Around 900 the Frisians had various trading centers on the Rhine, including in Worms with its own city district and gates.

High Middle Ages (1050-1250)

“The Bishop of Worms had probably acquired some goods during and after the Carolingian era and built a Fronhof here, which he constantly enlarged through further purchases and clearing, and then handed over parts as hooves to unfree and free living there , the latter in addition to their free property now also built the hooves of the cathedral monastery and thus came into the dependency relationship as free rearers . "

At the beginning of the 11th century, Ibersheim came to the Paulsstift zu Worms , which was founded by Bishop Burchard in 1016 as a monastery or Fronhof .

The most important landlords have been immortalized in Ibersheim's coat of arms :

• Lorsch Abbey received 27 donations from 27 landowners, mostly vineyards, between 767 and 829.
• Grafschaft Leiningen sold their Ibersheim property in 1285 to the Teutonic Order and acquired it again in 1465.
• The German Order was in possession from approx. 1250 until it was sold in 1465. The price for this was only received after a legal dispute in 1481.
• Electoral Palatinate was wealthy in Ibersheim for about 350 years until the French Revolution .

"The local servants were not enough for the Palatinate Elector, which is why he let the serfs of other neighboring communities do the serf work here." According to the cellar bill of 1615, these were the locations: Westhofen , Alsheim , Osthofen , Eich , Gimbsheim , Hamm am Rhein and Rheindürkheim .

With the oldest of 40 documents on Ibersheim in the Darmstadt State Archives , the Bishop of Worms Konrad II von Sternberg certifies in 1173 that the brothers of the Otterberg Abbey have entered into a contract with the fellow villagers of Ibersheim. This document had a long list of 40 names, including:

• Stephan, first abbot of Otterberg Abbey (1145–1173)
• Gernot, Dean of Worms Cathedral
• Siegfried von Hagenau
• Nibelung, provost and custodian of the Worms Cathedral monastery, 1139–1160 attested, a possible successor to the histor. Nibelungs from Burgundy.
• Walter von Hausen, Vogt of Ibersheim and Groß-Rohrheim (on the other side of the Rhine) with goods in Dienheim and Dolgesheim , [1]
• Friedrich von Hausen , his son, * 1150–60, † May 6, 1190 on the Third Crusade , Ministeriale of Emperor Friedrich I. Barbarossa .
• Emicho III., Approx. 1127–1187, Count of Alt- Leiningen .
• Eberhardus von Leiningen, his son.

The successors of Friedrich II. (Leiningen) , minstrel, his grandson Friedrich IV († 1310) and great-grandson Friedrich V. († 1328), from the Leiningen-Dagsburg line, sold their Ibersheim property in 1285 to the Teutonic Order . - see: German Order Coming Ibersheim

Late Middle Ages (1250–1500)

Ibersheim cartridges in cath. Church of Eich

Ibersheim contract with Otterberg from 1173

Ibersheim Castle

Note on the exhibition Medieval Ibersheim, 2010

A parish church (with its own pastor) is mentioned for the first time around 1270, which stood at the highest point in the village, somewhat flood-proof, near the cemetery and was consecrated to Saint Dionysius of Paris . The remaining stones were used in 1736 for the new building of the Catholic church in Eich (Rheinhessen) and the patron Dionysius was immortalized on the high altar there . The first clergyman was Gerhelm, who on April 13, 829 donated 20 acres of land to the monastery.

Today's Ibersheim Castle goes back to a lapel dated August 22, 1417 with which the Worms Paulsstift gave the Palatinate Elector Ludwig III. (Palatinate) granted half the court and at the same time allowed “a sloße” (early New High German ) to be built. The patroness of the castle chapel was Elisabeth of Thuringia , who is also depicted on the Eicher high altar.

• Ludwig III. (Pfalz) received the right to build a castle from the Worms Paulsstift in 1417 .
• Ludwig IV (Pfalz) had Otto I (Pfalz-Mosbach) as guardian and died in Worms in 1449 at the age of 25.
• Philip (Palatinate) had Friedrich I (Palatinate) as a guardian, who later adopted him.
• Friedrich I (Palatinate) stood by the widow of Hesso von Leiningen in 1467 and was well paid for it.
• Ludwig V (Palatinate) and Friedrich II. (Palatinate) pledged Ibersheim property in 1513 to Hans von Sickingen.

After the inheritance dispute with the decision of 1481, Ibersheim belonged entirely to the Electoral Palatinate , so that Frederick I (Palatinate) , the victorious and his successor Philip (Palatinate) , the sincere, could expand and rebuild the place.

• Teutonic Order Ibersheim belonged to the Ballei Koblenz . The importance of the Ibersheimer Kommende becomes clear with its own interest and lease book , which was kept from 1402–1407 and in which twelve surrounding towns are named. After the lost war in the Battle of Tannenberg (1410) , the order was forced to sell part of its property. At first, the meadows on the right bank of the Rhine could be sold to citizens of Nordheim .

In 1465, Landgrave Hesso von Leiningen and his wife Elisabeth agreed to purchase the remainder of the order. After the death of Hesso in 1467 and his wife in 1468, an inheritance dispute arose in the Leininger Grafschaft from Emich VIII (VII) , which could only be settled with a decision before the Royal Court of Justice in 1481. Then the Teutonic Order received its remaining money and Ibersheim belonged entirely to the Electoral Palatinate , under Philipp (Palatinate) .

It can be assumed that after this legal security, the place received a fortification that is still mostly visible today. The Electoral Palatinate Office House ( Ibersheim Castle ) was then expanded for the administrator and farm buildings for stables, supplies and workshops were added. The road to the Rhine has now been led past the rear of the palace and no longer went through the palace courtyard.

The Paulsstift had divided its property into Hufe and had special rights to it. The respective owners had to fulfill these rights and appear three times a year for confirmation in Worms for the meeting, the Hubengericht . Both Weis Hallows of Ibersheimer Hufgerichts / Huben Court are from 1358 and 1486 and are now in the Hessian State Archive Darmstadt .

swell

• State Archive Würzburg : Mainz books with various contents 72 ( Codex Laureshamensis ):
  • 27 Ibersheim donations to Lorsch Abbey from February 10, 767 to April 13, 829, signature I 3 b
• Hessian State Archive Darmstadt :
  • Contract between the villagers of Ibersheim and the brothers in Otterberg ( Otterberg Abbey Church ) from 1173, A 2 96/1.
  • Revers of August 22, 1417 of Elector Ludwig von der Pfalz ( Ludwig III. (Palatinate) ), A 2 96/20.
  • Amicable decision of May 8, 1481 by the Royal Court of Justice ( Königliches Kammergericht ), A 2 96/30.
  • Wisdom of the Hubgericht zu Ibersheim from 1358. , A 2, 96/13.
  • Wisdom of the Hubgericht zu Ibersheim from 1486. , A 2, 96/31.
• State main archive Koblenz : Customs privilege King Rudolph I ( Rudolf I. (HRR) ) from February 20, 1282 for Ibersheimer harvested fruits , A 01.55 A 2, 24.
• Historical archive of the City of Cologne : Interest and lease book of the Teutonic Order Coming Ibersheim, from 1402–1407. , 330, 371.

literature

• Friedrich von Weech : Das Wormser Synodale , In: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins , Volume 27, pp. 246–248, Karlsruhe 1875
• Alfred Gernsheim: The Wormsgau, its geographical image from the Carolingian era according to Andreas Lamey "Pagi Wormatiensis descriptio" , Der Wormsgau , 3/1929, pp. 173–177.
• Michael Gockel: Carolingian royal courts on the Middle Rhine , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1970, III., 9. Gerolt and his witnesses, ISBN 3226006568 , pp. 277, 288, 290.
• Jakob Grimm : Weisthümer , Part 4, pp. 630–633.
• Mathilde Grünewald and others: Between Roman times and Charlemagne: The early medieval grave finds from Worms and Rheinhessen in the Museum of the City of Worms in the Andreasstift. Volume 1, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-568-4 .

Web links

• Edmund Ritscher:
  • Ibersheim in the early Middle Ages
  • Ibersheim donations to Lorsch Abbey
  • Ibersheimer in Worms Cathedral

cards

• Andreas Lamey, Ferdinand Denis : Medieval Gaue with old and new Rhine course , In: Pagi Rhenensis ex medio aevo Tabula e Chartisantiquis desumta. Mannheim 1766, p. 294.
• Johann Heinrich Haas († 1810): Military situation map (HK 30) from 1799 with sheet 5 (Gernsheim) and sheet 10 (Worms), Hessian State Office for Soil Management and Geoinformation, 65195 Wiesbaden.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Donations from August 1, 770 (document 1483) and from 773/774 (document 1490)
2. ↑ http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/cgi-bin/lorschercodex.cgi?ort=643
3. ↑ City of Worms: "Ibersheim donations to the Lorsch monastery"
4. ^ Adolf Trieb: Ibersheim am Rhein. Eppelsheim 1911, pp. 16-19.
5. ^ Karl Josef Minst: Lorscher Codex, Volume III, Wormsgau, Lorsch 1970
6. ↑ Willi Alter: Ruding, Eberwin and Einold in Carolingian times in the northern Upper Rhine area. In: Mittgn. of the histor. Association of the Palatinate. Volume 93, Speyer 1995, p. 85.
7. ↑ Willi Alter: The monastic benefactors of the Carolingian period in Deidesheim, Friedelsheim and Gönnheim. Speyer 1999, p. 306.
8. ↑ Hans Hermann Völkers: Carolingian coin finds of the early period (751-800). there “Treasure find near Ibersheim”, Göttingen 1965, p. 110, 186 f.
9. ↑ City of Worms: "The Carolingian coin treasure from Ibersheim"
10. ^ Adolf Trieb: Ibersheim am Rhein. Eppelsheim 1911, p. 18.
11. ↑ Georg Ludwig von Maurer : History of the Fronhöfe, the farms and the court constitution in Germany, 1st volume, Erlangen 1862
12. ^ Adolf Trieb: Ibersheim am Rhein. Eppelsheim 1911, p. 20.
13. ↑ P.Josef kleine Bornhorst OP: St. Paulus 1002–2002, Mainz 2002, p. 49
14. ^ Günther Jungbluth, Ursula Aarburg:  Friedrich von Hausen. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 599 ( digitized version ).
15. ^ Wilhelm Wilmanns:  Friedrich von Hausen . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, p. 86 f.
16. ↑ Manfred Günter Scholz:  Leiningen, Friedrich II. Zu. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , p. 145 ( digitized version ).
17. ↑ Leiningen, Friedrich IV. Count von. Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
18. ↑ Leiningen, Friedrich V. Count von. Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
19. ^ Regionalgeschichte.net: "The Catholic Church in Eich"
20. ^ Friedrich Oswald:  Leiningen, to. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 142-144 ( digitized version ).
21. ^ "Leiningen, Emich VIII. Count of". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
22. ↑ grethen.foto-pixel.de
23. ↑ http://e-ritscher.de/mobile/pda/downloads/ibersheimer-im-wormser-dom.pdf